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Biomedical subjects

H Arola

Publications and source records attributed to H Arola.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Metabolism of lactose in the human body.

The article describes the metabolism of lactose in both normo- and hypolactasia in the human body. Attention is drawn to the differences in lactose tolerance among lactose malabsorbers.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Diagnosis of hypolactasia and lactose malabsorption.

The article briefly describes the various methods that are available for diagnosing hypolactasia. Special attention is drawn to the fact that different methods are useful at different levels of the health care organization. When the test result indicates lactose malabsorption, general malabsorption should be excluded by a glucose-galactose tolerance test, for example. If the glucose-galactose tolerance test produces a normal result, it can be assumed that the patient has primary adult-type selective lactose malabsorption. The possibility of secondary lactose malabsorption must be excluded according to the principles described by Villako & Maaroos (104).

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1992

Galactitol is not a cause of senile cataract.

It has been postulated that the accumulation of sugar alcohol, galactitol, from milk induces cataract in the eye lens through an osmotic mechanism. In this study the concentrations of galactitol and other sugar alcohols (sorbitol, mannitol and inositol) were measured by sensitive gas chromatography in the lenses of 15 patients operated on for senile idiopathic cataracts and in 14 clear lenses removed at autopsy. Large amounts of inositol (mean +/- SD, 4.1 +/- 3.1 vs 4.7 +/- 3.0 mumol/g lens wet weight) and small amounts of mannitol and sorbitol were detected in both study groups. Galactitol levels remained clearly below the detection limit (2 nmol/g) in all lenses. It seems unlikely that senile cataract is a result of the accumulation of galactitol in the eye lens.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The strip test for hypolactasia also works without ethanol.

Detection of urinary galactose with a special test strip has been shown to work well with the lactose tolerance test with ethanol. In this study the strips were used in combination with a lactose load alone or with another alcohol, beta-pyridylcarbinol, and the results were compared with those of the urinary lactose tolerance test with ethanol (ULTTE) as the reference method. Sixty-nine patients were studied. With lactose alone the specificity was 83%, the sensitivity 88%, and the kappa coefficient 0.61. It is concluded that the strip test for hypolactasia works without ethanol with sufficient reliability for the daily clinical work of a general practitioner. Adding beta-pyridylcarbinol to the test does not markedly increase the validity of the test.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of indirect diagnostic methods for hypolactasia.

The aim of this study was to continue our previously published work and to compare the different indirect diagnostic methods for hypolactasia with the lactase to sucrase ratio obtained by jejunal biopsy. The following tests were performed in 63 adult patients: the breath hydrogen test, the lactose tolerance test with ethanol (serum galactose measurement after oral lactose load with ethanol), the urinary lactose tolerance test (urinary galactose measurement after oral lactose load with ethanol), and the strip test (like the former but using a special test strip for urinary galactose). Specificities of all these tests were good (96-98%). The 3-h breath hydrogen test was less sensitive (69%) than the other methods (81-94%). The strip test is recommended for the general practitioner for the diagnosis of this common cause of abdominal complaints.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Strip test is reliable in common prevalences of hypolactasia.

The object of this study was to compare the indirect diagnostic methods on the basis of urinary galactose determination in the diagnosis of lactose malabsorption with the actual lactase activities. One hundred and seven patients were studied. The specificity and sensitivity of the strip test were 97%. With 30% actual prevalence the positive predictive value was 94%, and the negative predictive value was 99%. In common prevalences of hypolactasia the strip test was reliable.

Adolescent↗