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Biomedical subjects

H Azuma

Publications and source records attributed to H Azuma.

331 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The relationship between homovanillic/vanillylmandelic acid ratios and prognosis in neuroblastoma.

A total of 44 cases with neuroblastoma cases (excluding true positive cases detected in mass screenings) who were born from 1979 to 1991, and had data concerning the clinical stage and values of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) at diagnosis (microg/mg creatinine) were followed up until the end of 1994. Deaths were confirmed using the record of vital statistics of the Hokkaido Government. The 60-month survival rate of those who had an HVA/VMA ratio of 1-2 was 80.0%. Conversely, those with ratios <1 or >2 had respective survival rates of 24.1% and 5.3%. Most of those with a ratio >2 died within 24 months of diagnosis. Many of the cases with a ratio <1 lived over 12 months but died within about 36 months. Many tumors of those cases with a ratio of 1-2 originated in extra-adrenal glands, and had negative n-myc amplification. Most of the patients with a ratio >2 were diagnosed at 1 year of age or older. The HVA/VMA ratio at diagnosis is useful in estimating both the survival period and the prognosis.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Production of endothelin by canine prostatic epithelial cells and its stimulatory effects on their growth.

The current study has been designed to explore expressions of endothelin (ET) receptors and ETs in the canine prostate and the effect of ETs on canine prostatic epithelial cells. ET receptors were characterized by biotinylated ET-1 binding in frozen sections of the prostate. Canine prostatic epithelial cells in primary culture were used for demonstration of ET-1 expression by reverse-phase HPLC coupled with radioimmunoassay and Northern blotting and were subjected to growth assay. Biotinylated ET-1 binding was localized in the epithelial component, and the binding was also blocked with an antagonist specific for ET(B) subtype receptors. ET-1 and ET-3 stimulated canine prostatic epithelial cell growth in vitro. The effect was also reversed in the presence of an antagonist specific for ET(B) subtype receptors. Elution profile of epithelial cell culture medium revealed two peaks, corresponding to ET-1 and big ET-1. Epithelial cells in culture expressed pre-pro-ET-1 mRNA. Canine prostatic epithelial cells expressed ET(B) receptors and ET-1. It appears most likely that the expressed ET-1 acts as an autocrine/paracrine proliferative factor on canine prostatic epithelial cells via ET(B) receptors.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of acetabular coverage: three-dimensional CT imaging and modified pelvic inlet view.

The anterior and posterior coverages of the acetabula were evaluated by comparison of anterior edge-center-posterior edge (ACP) angle by modified inlet view and three-dimensional computed tomographic (3-D CT) images of the hip. Acetabular coverage in 3-D CT images was classified into three grades of front and rear views. The close relationship of this grading and the ACP angle was confirmed. Conventional radiographs with a modified inlet view are usually significant to evaluate the acetabular coverage, however, in the future, 3-D CT images will be routinely used in complicated hip surgery because they provide more detailed information to aid preoperative planning.

Acetabulum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preoperative and postoperative assessment of rotational acetabular osteotomy for dysplastic hips in children by three-dimensional surface reconstruction computed tomography imaging.

The three-dimensional relationship between the acetabulum and femoral head was evaluated using three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) reconstruction before and after rotational acetabular osteotomy. This method provides exact anatomic information on acetabular coverage so that precise operative planning is more easily made. Evaluation of six dysplastic hips indicated the possible dangers of anterolateral rotational shift of the acetabulum when there is marked posterior deficiency, such as in the case of a high decree of subluxated femoral head covered by a shallow false acetabulum. In these circumstances, it may be safer and preferable to plan a lateral shift instead of an anterolateral shift.

Acetabulum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new method to generate canine seminal emission and its application to men: direct electrical stimulation of the vas deferens.

Seminal emission from the ejaculatory duct (SEED) by direct electrical stimulation of the vas deferens was investigated in the dog, and the technique was applied to men. The stimulus parameters used were 2 msec, 10 Hz, and 8 V for dogs or 15-20 V for humans. In vitro studies using tetrodotoxin demonstrated that the major portion of the muscle contraction under the above stimulation was neurogenic. The stimulation of the pars epididymica, the middle vas, or the ampulla of the vas caused SEED in all dogs having intact hypogastric nerves (HNs) and receiving transection of bilateral HNs 1, 6, and 12 months before electrical stimulation. The dye instilled into the canine cauda epididymis was transported to the ampulla and emitted into the posterior urethra by electrical stimulation of the vas regardless of the site stimulated. The electrical stimulation of eight vasa deferentia (pars epididymica) of five prostatic carcinoma patients generated emission from the severed proximal end of all vasa examined at orchidectomy. All of the stimulations of 13 middle vasa of seven patients with emission loss caused SEED. The above results indicate that direct electrical stimulation of the canine and human vas deferens causes SEED regardless of the site stimulated or the absence of HNs, which are the major pathway of the efferent signal for SEED.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prophylactic perioperative treatment in a patient with colon carcinoma complicated by polycythemia vera.

A patient with colon carcinoma complicated by polycythemia vera (PV) who underwent a partial colectomy concomitant with prophylactic perioperative treatment resulting in successful outcome is herein described. Seven weeks after the cessation of the latest exacerbation of PV, a partial colectomy was performed. In order to prevent the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombotic complications, the following perioperative treatment was performed: administration of gabexate mesilate (2,000 mg/day), fresh frozen plasma (300 ml/day), heparin (5,000 IU/day) for 7 days and anti-thrombin-III for 4 days, and a potent antibiotic therapy for 12 days and graded elastic bandages around the bilateral lower extremities for 14 days. As a result, an uneventful postoperative course was achieved. The present case suggests that these treatments are useful in the perioperative management of PV patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗