[Progress on the treatment of tumor with biological therapy medicated by Chinese herbal medicine].
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal↗
Biomedical subjects
H Bai
Publications and source records attributed to H Bai.
[Studies on apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma cells induced by oltipraz].
OBJECTIVE: To study whether oltipraz can induce apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma (GLC-82) cells and its possible mechanism. METHODS: Light microscopy, DNA electrophoresis, flow cytometry and video time-lapse monitoring were used to observe apoptosis of GLC-82 induced by oltipraz. RESULTS: GLC-82 cells treated with oltipraz underwent the arrest of cell mitosis at metaphase, higher percentage of G(2)/M and peak of apoptosis were found, and cell body shrunk, nuclear chromosome condensed or fragmented and nuclear DNA fragment displayed "laden" bands in apoptic cells. Apoptosis of GLC-82 induced by oltipraz was more obvious at a concentration of 120 microg/ml. CONCLUSION: Oltipraz could induce apoptosis of GLC-82 at certain concentrations, which associated closely with the arrest of mitotic cycle.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Application of intravenous and inhalational combined anesthesia with midazolam, fentanyl 1 and enflurane in cleft palate repair operation].
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of intravenous and inhalational combined anesthesia with midazolam, fetanyl l and enflurane in the cleft palate repair operation. METHODS: 128 patients prepared for cleft palate repair operation were selected randomly. Anesthesia was induced with 0.2-0.3 mg/kg midazolam, 3-5 micrograms/kg fentanyl 1, and intubation was facilitated with 1-2 mg/kg succinylcholine. Anesthesia was maintained with fentanyl 1 and enflurane, and changes of hemodynamics and incident rates of hiccup, cough and vomit were observed during and after operation. RESULTS: 1. After inducing, systolic pressure (SP) was decreased by 5%-8%, diastolic pressure (DP) decreased by 8%-10%(P < 0.05), and there were no significant changes in heart rates (HR) (P > 0.05). After intubation, there were no significant changes in SP, DP and HR. 2. After induction, the incident rates of hiccup and cough were 3.1% and 7.8% respectively. After operation, the incident rate of vomit was 7.0%. 3. The volume of lost blood was 5% less than the patient's whole blood volume. CONCLUSION: The anesthetic way is easy to be controlled with few side effects, and patients can revive easily, so it is a safe, efficient and perfect way in cleft palate repair operation.
Anesthesia, General↗
Structure-activity studies related to ABT-594, a potent nonopioid analgesic agent: effect of pyridine and azetidine ring substitutions on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding affinity and analgesic activity in mice.
Analogs of A-98593 (1) and its enantiomer ABT-594 (2) with diverse substituents on the pyridine ring were prepared and tested for affinity to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding sites in rat brain and for analgesic activity in the mouse hot plate assay. Numerous types of modifications were consistent with high affinity for [3H]cytisine binding sites. By contrast, only selected modifications resulted in retention of analgesic potency in the same range as 1 and 2. Analogs of 2 with one or two methyl substituents at the 3-position of the azetidine ring also were prepared and found to be substantially less active in both assays.
Alkaloids↗
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of pyridine-modified analogs of 3-[2-((S)-pyrrolidinyl)methoxy]pyridine, A-84543, a potent nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist.
Analogs of 3-[2-((S)-pyrrolidinyl)methoxy]pyridine, (A-84543, 1) with 2-, 4-, 5-, and 6-substituents on the pyridine ring were synthesized. These analogs exhibited Ki values ranging from 0.15 to > 9,000 nM when tested in vitro for neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding activity. Assessment of functional activity at subtypes of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors indicates that pyridine substitution can have a profound effect on efficacy at these subtypes, and several subtype-selective agonists and antagonists have been identified.
Cell Line↗
Electron-beam CT angiography with three-dimensional reconstruction in the evaluation of coronary artery bypass grafts.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors evaluated the use of electron-beam computed tomographic (CT) angiography and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction for evaluation of coronary artery bypass grafts (CABGs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients (53 men and seven women; mean age, 56 years +/- 8) with 152 CABGs (29 internal mammary artery and 123 saphenous vein grafts) underwent electron-beam CT with 3D reconstruction. The time from bypass surgery to CT scanning was 7 days to 120 months (mean, 17 months +/- 28). Enhanced single-section and flow mode studies were performed in all cases. The results were correlated with CABG operation records, and patency was determined with time-attenuation curves. RESULTS: All patients were successfully examined. On the basis of time-attenuation curve criteria, 124 (81.6%) of 152 grafts were patent. The patency rate for the internal mammary artery subgroup was 93% (27 of 29 grafts); for the saphenous vein graft subgroup, 78.9% (97 of 123 grafts). CONCLUSION: Used in contrast-enhanced, single-section mode and flow studies with time-attenuation curves, electron-beam CT angiography with 3D reconstruction can provide quantitative data for evaluation of CABG patency.
Adult↗
Inhibition of intimal hyperplasia after vein grafting by in vivo transfer of human senescent cell-derived inhibitor-1 gene.
The senescent cell-derived inhibitor (sdi)-1 (p21) protein has been identified as a downstream mediator of the tumor suppressor p53 in the cell cycle regulation. In this study, we focused on the function of sdi-1 gene in inhibiting vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation after vein grafting in a rabbit model. To test the hypothesis, we transfected human sdi-1 gene by an intra-operative approach. Accompanied by markedly increased sdi-1 protein, the significant increase in PCNA-stained VSMCs in vein grafts was inhibited by transfection of sdi-1 gene. Moreover, at 2 weeks after transfection, transfer of sdi-1 gene resulted in a significant inhibition in neointimal formation, compared with control vector. Of importance, immunohistological studies determining the expression pattern of myosin heavy isoforms, adult type specific SM2 and embryonic specific SMemb/NMHC-B, demonstrated expression of the adult phenotype of VSMCs in the neointima of sdi-1 gene-transfected vein grafts at 2 weeks after the operation, while the neointima was predominantly composed of embryonic phenotype of VSMCs in the control grafts. Overall, these results demonstrate that a single intraluminal incubation of human sdi-1 gene can result in a significant inhibition of neointimal formation after vein grafting, associated with phenotypic change of VSMCs from neonatal to adult type in a rabbit model. Inhibition of hyperplasia in a graft model by transfection of sdi-1 gene may be due to the change in VSMC phenotype from neonatal to adult, in addition to the inhibition of VSMC growth.
Actins↗
Three-dimensional reconstruction of electron beam computed tomography angiography for evaluating coronary artery bypass grafts.
OBJECTIVES: To probe into electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) angiography and 3-D reconstruction of coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) and to evaluate the clinical application of EBCT angiography and 3-D reconstruction of CABG. METHODS: EBCT angiography with 3-D reconstruction was achieved in 150 patients (142 men and 8 women, mean age, 57 +/- 8 years) with 399 grafts including 100 internal mammary artery grafts (IMG), 296 saphenous vein grafts(SVG) and 3 radial artery grafts (RAG) respectively. The time from bypass surgery to EBCT scanning ranged from 7 days to 120 months, averaging 15 +/- 28 months. Enhanced single slice mode (SSM) and flow studies were performed in all patients. The results of 3-D reconstruction of CABG were compared with bypass operation records and with coronary arteriograms (7 patients). RESULTS: 150 patients underwent successfully EBCT angiography and CABG 3-D reconstruction. According to 3-D reconstruction of the coronary bypass grafts with flow studies, 318 of 399 coronary bypass grafts were patent including IMG patency in 87/100 (87%), SVG in 228/296 (77%) and RAG in 3/3 (100/100). The overall patent rate was 79.7%. In 7 patients with 12 coronary bypass grafts, EBCT studies showed graft patency (7 grafts) and occlusion (5), which were confirmed by conventional graft angiography. CONCLUSIONS: EBCT angiography with 3-D reconstruction is effective in providing the entire anatomic structure of coronary bypass grafts and evaluating coronary bypass graft patency. EBCT flow study can provide quantitative data for evaluating coronary bypass graft patency and for supplemental diagnosis of CABG 3-D reconstruction. EBCT angiography is a noninvasive technique that could replace conventional coronary arteriography for follow-up survey of coronary bypass surgery in future.
Adult↗
[Studies on inhibition of human lung carcinogenesis in early stage by oltipraz and its effects on some gene expression and regulation].
By using human fetal lung (HFL) as experimental material, the inhibition of HFL carcinogenesis in early stage by oltipraz and its molecular mechanisms were studied. The results showed that oltipraz is effective in the inhibition of carcinogenesis prior to or at the same time with Cigarette Smoking Condensate(CSC) treatment; oltipraz can decrease GSTs activity and GST-pi protein content along with its inhibition of HFL carcinogenesis; oltipraz can decrease mp53 expression; oltipraz can prevent but can not reverse the ras gene mutation; oltipraz can induce apoptosis of GLC cell obviously in a dosage of 120 micrograms/ml. Meanwhile, it is related to high expression of c-fos and low expression of GST-pi in apoptosis; oltipraz may affect c-fos gene expression through induction of a protein factor which links with DSE.
Anticarcinogenic Agents↗
Autologous bone marrow mixed with HLA-haploidentical allogeneic marrow transplantation for treatment of patients with malignant blood diseases.
We have previously demonstrated that syngeneic marrow mixed with H-2 haploidentical marrow transplantation could provide not only protection against graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) but also anti-leukemic (GVL) effects in mice. In the present studies, we report clinical observations using autologous marrow mixed with HLA-haploidentical allogeneic marrow transplantation for treatment of patients with malignant blood diseases. Sixteen cases, including 12 with acute leukemia and four with advanced malignant lymphoma, were treated by autologous marrow, which was purged in vitro by hyperthemia (42.5 degrees C for 70 min) following incubation for 5 days with interleukin 2 (IL-2) in liquid culture and mixed with HLA haploidentical marrow cells from their sibling or parent. Acute GVHD was not observed in any patient after transplantation. Hematological rescue in the clinical setting was demonstrated in all cases but one who died early from hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD). Five cases who were transplanted at the time of CR2 or CR3 and in advanced phase of lymphoma, relapsed 4 to 7 months after transplantation. The relapse rate was 31.3%. None of eight patients who received allogeneic BMT within 2 h after ABMT relapsed with median follow-up of 12 months and two of them died from procedure-related complications. Seven cases are still alive and disease-free with a median follow-up of 12 months. Mixed chimerism was found in 3/6 cases, who had different sex donors, by analysis of sex chromosomes. These results show that mixed transplantation is a safe, effective and new approach to treating patients with malignant tumors. In order to detect the effects of GVL, studies are now in progress in our clinic.
Adult↗
[Effect of hypoxia on spleen mono nuclear cell DNA content and proliferation of neonatal rats].
Effects of hypoxia on the immune function of neonatal rats at the age of 14 days as well as on the levels of ACh, catecholamine in spleen were studied. After the animals were exposed to hypoxia at 5 km simulated altitude in hypobaric chamber for 5 days, there was 43.4% decrease in DNA content in spleen mono nuclear cell and a 13.2% decrease in mono nuclear cell proliferation. Similar suppression of these two parameters of immune function in exposure to 7 km for 24 h was also noted, which decreased by 39% and 19.8% respectively. The suppressive effect of 7 km for 24 h hypoxia on DNA content was partly blocked when rats were pretreated with DSP-4 intracerebroventricularly one day before hypoxia. The levels of catecholamine in spleen increased, while the levels of ACh decreased after 7 km exposure for 24 h. These observations indicate that hypoxia may suppress cellular function of neonatal rats and its action may be mediated by activation of sympathetic nervous system and inhibition of parasymphathetic one.
Acetylcholine↗
[Anesthetic management to reduce blood loose in surgical process of palatoplasty].
869 cases with palate cleft, aged from 2 to 12 years old, received palatoplasty surgery in Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China University of Medical Science from 1987 to 1996 were reviewed. The effect of anesthetic method on blood loose during surgical procedure was analyzed specifically. It was found that the amount of blood loose was quite different with different anesthetic method. Simple method of anesthetic medication which could dramatically reduce the amount of blood loose in palatoplasty operation was recommended. The key points of anesthetic method for palatoplasty operation, especially in application for children were discussed.
Analgesics, Opioid↗
An electrocution death of an infant who had received an electric shock from an uncovered oval shaped lamp switch in his mouth while in a hospital.
A male infant aged one year and nine months was found dead on a bed after admission to hospital with suspected pneumonia. The patient apparently put an uncovered oval shaped lamp switch (pendant switch) into his mouth and died of electric shock after contacting the exposed wires of the switch (100 V, 60 Hz alternating current). There were extensive first- to fourth-degree burns on the inner surface of the both lips. Because the histological findings were consistent with electric burns and the burns showed vital reactions, electric shock was judged to be the cause of death. The pendant switch is normally a very convenient piece of bedside equipment for inpatients. However, when the patient is an infant who naturally puts all the objects into the mouth, such a switch should be placed out of reach, and it should be certain that the cap is not loose.
Burns, Electric↗
Influence of ganglioside GM3 and high density lipoprotein on the cohesion of mouse brain tumor cells.
Previous findings with various murine tumor cell lines suggest an association between ganglioside GM3 and cell cohesive properties. The influence of GM3 on cohesion was studied in two mouse brain tumor cell lines: ependymoblastoma (EPEN) and CT-2A. In culture, the EPEN cells grow as islands and contain GM3 as the only ganglioside, whereas the CT-2A cells grow as a fusiform cell monolayer and contain GM2, GM1, and GD1a as major gangliosides and low amounts of GM3. To examine the role of GM3 in cohesion, both cell lines were treated with 1) C. perfringens neuraminidase, 2) anti-GM3 monoclonal antibody (mAb DH2), or 3) were grown in serum-free medium. All three treatments caused a significant increase in the number of non-cohesive and protoplasmic process-bearing cells for the EPEN, but had no effect on the morphology of the CT-2A cells. The neuraminidase treatment removed GM3 from both cell lines and caused a significant accumulation of GM1 in the CT-2A cells. EPEN cell cohesion and GM3 content returned to control levels after removal of neuraminidase. EPEN cell cohesion was restored in serum-free medium with added high density lipoprotein (HDL). The HDL effect on the EPEN cell cohesion was dose-dependent and was not seen with other lipoproteins. We suggest that EPEN cell cohesion could involve an interaction between extracellular HDL, acting as a bridge, and GM3 molecules on opposing cell surfaces.
Animals↗
[An autopsy case of pulmonary thromboembolism: a delayed complication of a victim by traffic accident].
A 35-year-old male had fallen down from his motor bike caused a fracture of the medial condyle of the right tibia and the acromion of the left scapula. He had received screw fixed operation for his right tibia and had been in the hospital for one month. He died suddenly in the hospital and was autopsied to find out the cause of death. On external examination, it was found that affected leg was bruised and swollened. Partially organized thrombosis in the posterior tibial vein was revealed and bilateral pulmonary arteries were packed with reddish massive thromboemboli. The causes of the posterior tibial vein thrombosis were intimal damage and decreased venous flow, attributable to bed rest for long days and external fixation of the lower extremity. We presumed that direct cause of death was a large thromboemboi which were migrated from posterior tibial vein and lodged at the bifurcation of the pulmonary artery causing obstruction of pulmonary blood flow. Finally we opened the direct cause of death was pulmonary thromboembolism due to leg injury. Clinical instability may hinder the diagnostic elevation and delay therapeutic intervention, it is the most often happened in sudden death cases within the hospital. The importance of early diagnosis and early prevention is underscoped, because the symptoms of pulmonary thromboembolism are not always produced. To prevent fatal pulmonary thromboembolism in trauma, prophylactic use of low-dose heparin therapy and/or the use of oral anticoaglant (warfarin) have been effective and recommended in USA and Western Europe. The routine use of these therapy has not yet been spread in Japan, because the incidence is still apparently lower than in USA and Western Europe as well as the risk of hemorrhage. If the victims of road traffic accident receive the prophylactic use of low-dose heparin and/or oral anticoaglant (warfarin), it might be an effective way to reduce mortality.
Accidents, Traffic↗
Continuous production of high degree casein hydrolysates by immobilized proteases in column reactor.
The enzymatic complete hydrolysis of casein was investigated by using immobilized endopeptidase and exopeptidase packed in the jacketed column reactors. The mass transfer efficiency of proteins was improved by using sliced shrimp chitin hull as enzyme support, which formed a network structure inside the column reactor that prevented the formation of protein precipitate and increased the line flow rate of protein solution. The specificity of the protease was of crucial importance for both the hydrolysis degree and the free amino acid content of the hydrolysates. Of the enzymes, tested, the immobilized A. oryzae protease was the most effective enzyme in breaking down the casein molecules and releasing the free amino acid from casein hydrolysates. The immobilized pancreatic and kidney exopeptidase could lead to a 20% increase of free amino acids. The free amino acid content of casein hydrolysates was 34.81% after processing and could reach to 64% if the column length was doubled, but 100% hydrolysis was impossible as the reverse reaction was also taking place. The casein hydrolysates was characterized by its high degree of hydrolysis and high content of free amino acids. It can be applied in infant formula, element diet, and as a protein ingredient for food industry.
Amino Acids↗
Direct cardiotoxic effects of cocaine and cocaethylene on isolated cardiomyocytes.
We investigated the cardiotoxic effects of cocaine and cocaethylene on the Ca2+ flux responsible for excitation-contraction coupling in isolated ventricular rat myocytes. We simultaneously measured intracellular Ca2+ transients and cell length in isolated cardiac myocytes loaded with a fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, indo-1, during electrical field stimulation at 1 Hz. The cell length was estimated by video dimension analysis. We also measured the activities of Ca2+ ATPase and Ca2+ release channels of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane vesicles. Both cocaine and cocaethylene produced significant decreases in both peak intracellular Ca2+ and the cell-contraction rate in a dose-dependent manner. The K0.5 for the reduction of peak intracellular Ca2+ was 157.5 microM for cocaine, but 90.0 microM for cocaethylene. Both cocaethylene and cocaine inhibited neither Ca2+ ATPase nor Ca2+ release channel activity. These results demonstrate that cocaethylene has a more potent direct negative inotropic action on cardiomyocytes, without preventing Ca2+ flux through the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane.
Animals↗
Polymorphism of the apolipoprotein A-IV gene and its significance in lipid metabolism and coronary heart disease in a Japanese population.
Apolipoprotein A-IV (apo A-IV) is involved in the metabolism of both triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). Apo A-IV has been suggested as participating in several stages of reverse cholesterol transport. Uncertainty about the exact biochemical function of apo A-IV has made the use of genetic apo A-IV polymorphism (variants) attractive in evaluating its physiological role. To date, although some reports indicate that DNA polymorphisms at this locus play an important role in the metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins in western (Caucasian) populations, no similar comprehensive analysis has been performed in a distinct Japanese population. Using DNA sequencing and a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) study with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the following allele frequencies were established: (a) codon -8 (G-->A, non-synonymous) allele 2 = 0 (n = 105); (b) codon 9 (A-->G, synonymous) allele 2 = 0.388 (n = 152); (c) codon 347 (A-->T, non-synonymous) allele 2 = 0 (n = 900); (d) codon 360 (T-->G, non-synonymous) allele 2 = 0 (n = 800); (e) VNTR exon 3 [(CTGT)3 and (CTGT)4] (CTGT)3 = 0.262 (n = 105); and (f) MspI (newly detected polymorphic site) polymorphism (C C/T GG) within intron 2, allele 2 = 0.096 (n = 193). The frequencies of these polymorphisms, except for that of the newly identified MspI site, are completely different from those reported in western populations. Among the 900 subjects examined, we found one ACT (Thr) to ACG (Thr) synonymous mutation at codon 347, which does not change the primary structure of apo A-IV. The apo A-IV allele frequency in patients (166 men and 56 women) with angiographically proven coronary heart disease (CHD) was also studied [codon 9 allele 2 = 0.329 (n = 217); VNTR exon 3 (CTGT)3 = 0.262 (n = 84); MspI within intron 2, allele 2 = 0.092 (n = 222)]. Furthermore, we evaluated serum lipid and lipoprotein levels quantitatively in control subjects and Japanese CHD patients. These polymorphisms did not show any consistent and significant association with lipid and lipoprotein parameters. In addition, no gender-specific effects of apo A-IV polymorphisms on lipid parameters adjusted for confounding factors were observed in either CHD patients or control subjects. Our results indicate that the apo A-IV gene is not a major determinant of the risk for CHD in Japanese.
Adult↗