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H Baumgärtel

Publications and source records attributed to H Baumgärtel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

The absorption spectra of anisole-h8, anisole-d3 and anisole-d8. The assignment of fundamental vibrations in the S0 and the S1 states.

The REMPI spectra of anisole-h8, anisole-d3 and anisole-d8 have been measured. The assignment of the fundamental vibrations of anisole in the S(1) state is supported by quantum chemical model calculations, the isotopic shifts, the comparison with the frequencies of corresponding vibrations in other monosubstituted benzenes, especially phenol, and the overtones, combinations and progressions observed in the spectrum of anisole-h8. The frequencies of the 42 fundamental vibrations of anisole in the S(1) state are evaluated and compared with the frequencies of the corresponding vibrations in the electronic ground state. Some assignments given earlier in the literature have been revised.

Absorption↗
PubMed1988

Staining kinetics in single cells. Part I. Influence of convective diffusion on the staining rate.

The staining kinetics of single cells have been investigated using a perfusion cuvette in combination with a computer controlled microscope spectrometer. The physicochemical hydrodynamics of staining are characterized. Using a steady-state laminar flow parallel to the cell surface a hydrodynamic and a diffusional boundary layer are observed which are determined by the flow rate. The thickness of the diffusional boundary layer revealed by experimental data is in agreement with theoretically calculated values. At certain well-defined hydrodynamic conditions convective diffusion has no further effect on the staining rate.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Staining kinetics in single cells. Part II. Diffusion processes inside the cell.

Applying hydrodynamic conditions, which certify a negligible influence of convective diffusion, the time-dependent uptake of thionin in lymphocytes, monkey kidney cells, and their separated nuclei was measured spectroscopically. Using fixed cell material the dye transport inside the cell is not hindered due to plasma membrane and cytoplasm. The staining rate depends on the dye concentration, the pretreatment of the cell, and on the electrolyte concentration of the dye solution. The mechanism of dye migration inside the cell is in accordance with a porous matrix model. The diffusion process takes place inside the pores and channels filled with liquid and is modified by adsorption of dye molecules on the walls of the pores. A dynamic reversible equilibrium exists between migrating dye molecules and the binding sites on the pore walls described by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The proposed model explains the observed order of reaction of the staining kinetics.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Dissolution of calcified cholesterol stones and of brown and black pigment stones of the gallbladder.

The influence of different solvents on cholesterol and pigment stones was investigated in vitro. Stone analysis was performed chemically, with infrared spectroscopy (IRS), scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-microanalysis (EDXA) and wave-length-dispersive X-microanalysis (WDXA). Each set of stones came from one source: eight human calcified cholesterol stones (CHS), eight fragments of bovine radiopaque Ca-bilirubinate stones (BBIL), and two complete BBIL. CHS and BBIL fragments were treated with (1) a buffered, alkaline 1% ethylenediamine tetraacetate solution (BA-EDTA; pH 9.5); (2) with BA-EDTA and monooctanoin preparation (GMOC) alternately; (3) with GMOC alone, and (4) with methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE). The complete BBIL were treated with BA-EDTA and MTBE. Furthermore, two human black pigment stones (BPS) were incubated in BA-EDTA. Calcified cholesterol stones are not dissolved by GMOC alone, nor by alternating treatment with BA-EDTA. They are dissolved by MTBE. MTBE is unsuitable for complete Ca-bilirubinate stones but MTBE, GMOC and GMOC/BA-EDTA alternately disaggregate stone fragments. This means that stone fragments behave differently from complete Ca-bilirubinate stones, which is important for further in vitro investigations. Ca-bilirubinate and black pigment stones are disaggregated in BA-EDTA. These results were confirmed with six CHS, 12 BBIL and 12 BPS from 5 further patients, incubated in the most eligible solvent for any individual stone type.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[A spectroscopic study of the effect of the fixative media on dye adsorption by cells and tissues].

Blood smears and liver and kidney tissues were fixed with different agents, stained with thionine and examined spectroscopically by light microscopy. The obtained absorbance spectra provide results which give information about the influence of the used fixative on the quantity of dye-uptake. Moreover some statements about binding states of the dye in the nuclei of cells can be made. The observed phenomena can be explained by 2 effects: 1. Dissoziation of the DNA-histone-complex, resulting in a demasking of additional binding sites. 2. Extraction of DNA, resulting in a decrease of binding sites. The results are discussed in relation to other relevant parameters concerning fixation and staining.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Can the metachromatic index be of help in cancer diagnosis?].

Histological preparations of colon, which contain benign cells, maligne cells, and also transient forms, were stained with spectral-pure Thionine-, Methylene Blue- and Capribluesolutions of different concentrations. The stained samples were examined spectroscopically. We observed a bathochromic shift of the absorbance spectra in cancer cells in comparison with benign cells. Hence the metachromatic index is reduced. The results are discussed in relation to the morphologic changes, the dye DNA binding ratios, and in view of their general use in cancer diagnosis.

Histological Techniques↗
PubMed1987

Specific chromosome aberration in human renal cell carcinoma.

Using G-banding technique, the chromosomes were studied in short-term cultures of 25 primary renal-cell carcinomas (RCC). Phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes or normal kidney cells of the same patients growing in primary cultures were analysed to define the constitutional karyotype. The modal chromosome number of 23 RCC's was found to be pseudo-diploid or near-diploid with only few structural rearrangements, 22 of the RCC's showed an aberration of chromosome 3, deletion of 3p, or translocation of different chromosome segments to the deleted chromosome 3, leading to the loss of variable segments of chromosome 3. The break-points in rearrangements of chromosome 3 clustered in the region 3p11.2-p13. Shortest-region overlap analysis localized a consistent change to a small area of 3p13-pter. In 8 of the 25 RCCs, the rearrangement of chromosome 3 was the only karyotype change determined, and 4 other tumours had only one chromosomal rearrangement in addition to the aberration of chromosome 3. These results suggest that the aberration of chromosome 3 is the first cytogenetic event in the clonal evolution of RCCs. Translocation 3;5 was preferentially involved in the rearrangements between chromosome 3p and other chromosomes. The breakpoint on chromosome 3 was constant at p13, but the breaks on chromosome 5 varied between bands q11.2 and q22. Monosomy 14 was observed in 10 cases and loss of Y chromosome was detected in 6 of 14 tumours obtained from male patients. Since the normal somatic cells were free of chromosomal aberrations, one may conclude that the loss of 3p13-pter segment is an acquired, consistent chromosomal aberration which marks human RCCs.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Conservative cholelitholysis in the calculus-congested gallbladder].

Daily administration of 500 mg ursodeoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid (divided into two doses, morning and evening, corresponding to 8.5 mg per kg body-weight and substance), all concrements in the gall-bladder were dissolved over a period of 14 months in a 60-year-old man for whom surgical treatment was contra-indicated because of severe coronary heart disease. This case illustrates that, in the face of a high operative risk, the attempt to dissolve stones in the gall-bladder by drugs is justified.

Chenodeoxycholic Acid↗
PubMed1987

An improved method to investigate staining kinetics in single cells.

A new method to analyze staining processes in single cells of histochemical and cytochemical specimens in situ is described. The combination of a microscope photometer with a perfusion cuvette developed in our laboratory allows the continuous observation of a cell during the staining process. The flow rate dependence of the staining process has been examined demonstrating the strong suppression of the diffusional boundary layer adjacent to the cell surface by sufficiently high flow rates. Experiments to find optimal conditions for the kinetic analysis of the staining reaction of nuclei in lymphocytes, neutrophile granulocytes and monkey kidney cells with thionin are described. Half-staining times of the binding of monomer dye molecules and aggregates to nuclei have been calculated; they depend on the pretreatment of the cells. The addition of electrolytes decreases the rate of staining. The formation of aggregates obeys approximately a first-order reaction law and the binding of monomers provides an order of reaction of n = 0.5.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Thiopyronine-sensitized photodynamic effect on cell growth, RNA and DNA synthesis of Chinese hamster ovary cells.

After treatment of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with very low concentrations of thiopyronine (TP; 1 microgram/ml) and visible light, a delay in growth of cell cultures (prolongation of the lag phase] was observed. The lengthened lag phase, however, was followed by normal growth of the cells. The length of the lag period is dependent on the irradiation dose applied. A similar effect on DNA and RNA synthesis could be seen after photodynamic treatment with TP in CHO cells: the maxima of RNA and DNA synthesis occur later but are not significantly reduced after treatment with low concentrations of TP and irradiation with visible light. This result is further evidence that the photodynamic effect with TP does not involve attack on nuclear DNA in eukaryotic cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

EDTA solutions for the dissolution of calcium bilirubinate stones.

The calcium chelating of different EDTA solutions was investigated after addition of 5.49% calcium bilirubinate powder. Calcium chelating seems to be an essential step in disaggregation of pigment stones. We found that Ca chelating is pH dependent and that the system must be buffered in order to prevent pH shifting during the dissolution process. When an alkaline (pH 9.4), buffered 1% EDTA solution is mixed with bile in a ratio of 70:30, dissolution of Ca will decrease to 60% as compared to investigations without bile. Furthermore, we could demonstrate that the EDTA solution would not only dissolve Ca bilirubinate powder, but complete bovine pigment stones of homogeneous structure and mostly inhomogenously composed stones of man as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Water-induced metachromasia of thionine and methylene blue in histologic preparations].

The metachromatic staining of histological preparations of tissues of lung and rib by thionine and methylene blue has been investigated. The metachromatic effect is caused by the distribution of monomer, dimer, and higher aggregates of the adsorbed dyes. This distribution is primarily influenced by the structure of the biopolymers, which adsorbs the dye cations. It is strongly modified by the water content of the media used for differentiation and embedding.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Dissolution of recurrent stones in the choledochus by a modified irrigation treatment via an indwelling nasobiliary catheter].

Alternating fluid rinsing with a modified glyceromono-octanoate (GMOC) and bile salt-EDTA (BA-EDTA) solution via an endoscopically placed indwelling nasal biliary catheter was performed on 15 patients (13 women, 2 men) with recurrent stones in the choledochal duct after cholecystectomy. Of 12 radiotranslucent and three radioopaque concrements with a mean diameter of 1.72 X 2.05 cm (largest concrement: 3.0 X 3.5, smallest 1.0 X 2.1 cm) 13 were dissolved (87% success rate). In one patient chemolitholysis had to be stopped because of electrolyte abnormalities, before treatment had been completed. After the end of treatment all patients were free of symptoms and during a fairly long follow-up period no stone recurrences were observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Investigations on the toxicity of bile salt solutions, Capmul 8210 and a bile salt-EDTA solution for common bile duct perfusion in dogs.

The following perfusion media for dissolving bile duct calculi were infused via a cutaneobiliary tube into the biliary tract of 12 mongrel dogs: 4.3% cholate solution, 0.34% chenodeoxycholate solution, Capmul, GMOC (special formulation of Capmul), BA-EDTA and 0.9% saline. Infusion lasted 50 h. Postmortem examination revealed hemorrhagic, partly phlegmonous cholangitis, acute duodenitis, necrosis and abscesses in the liver. The lesions were most pronounced after the cholate solution and with Capmul and GMOC, but were only detected to a slight extent after BA-EDTA and the chenodeoxycholate solution. 0.9% saline had no side effects. The investigations could demonstrate that it is the very irrigation media that today are recommended for treatment of bile duct stones in patients, that cause considerable morphologic side effects. The alternating administration of an EDTA solution with a Capmul preparation may diminish local toxicity of the latter.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Biochemical and morphological investigations of the toxicity of a Capmul preparation and a bile salt-EDTA solution in patients with bile duct stones.

Seventeen patients with bile duct calculi were treated alternately with a preparation of glycerol octanoate and a bile salt-EDTA solution via a nasobiliary tube. Of 14 patients (group I), it was necessary to operate on four immediately after irrigation therapy, success resulted from this conservative therapy in eight (57%) cases and two were unchanged. Laboratory investigations showed a decrease in zinc and copper concentrations in the serum. Of the patients 50-60% suffered from vomiting and diarrhea. For three patients (group II), there was an interval of 6-26 days between the end of the therapy and operation. Histological findings in the patients in group I and II subjected to operation included acute ulcerative and chronic inflammation in gallbladder and common bile duct walls. Since the alterations were of minor degree in four of the seven patients who subsequently underwent surgery the risk of irrigation therapy seems to be acceptable.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Chemical dissolution of common bile duct stones.

Dissolution of bile duct calculi is complicated by the facts that about 30-40% of them are pigment stones and the stone cannot be unambiguously identified by radiography before the start of therapy. Thus it does not appear logical only to infuse irrigation media that dissolve cholesterol (cholate, Capmul) but to use solutions that also dissolve calcium bilirubinate. Calcium bilirubinate is the most important compound in primary pigment stones in the bile duct. Thin sections of calcium bilirubinate stones can be dissolved in EDTA 4Na. The rate is determined by the temperature, the pH, and the surface tension of the solution. In vitro experiments showed that cholesterol stones and composition stones can be dissolved more rapidly by alternating therapy with an EDTA solution and a Capmul preparation than by monotherapy with glycerol octanoate, and that bovine pigment stones can also be disaggregated. Since calcium bilirubinate stones consist up to 20-60% of an organic matrix, a mixture of glycerol octanoate and EDTA was prepared containing SH-activated papain. It was possible, by using this mixture, to disaggregate human calcium bilirubinate stones. The process of dissolution is complex and is not yet understood in detail. It is supposed that the important steps are the extraction of calcium, the chemical solution and molecular dispersion of bilirubin and cholesterol, and the disaggregation of the structure of the stone by surface-active substances. The irrigation media have but little effect on black pigment stones. Toxicity studies have shown that cholate, glycerol octanoate, and glycerol octanoate preparations are locally toxic and can lead to cholangitis and cholecystitis in animals. EDTA solutions bring about lesser changes. In humans, it has not been possible to distinguish these inflammatory changes unambiguously from those found in untreated gallstone patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Combined irrigation and endoscopy in the treatment of biliary duct stones (author's transl)].

In ten patients with biliary duct stones reoperation was not indicated and endoscopical stone extraction after papillotomy had failed due to the size of the concrements. As in some patients cholecystectomy had been performed several years ago and in others had not been done yet, treatment was commenced via an endoscopically inserted nasobiliary tube using media dissolving cholesterol and calcium bilirubinate stones. Results of treatment were satisfactory and side effects were tolerable. Results were compared with those after treatment with glycero-1-monooctanoate (Capmul 8210). In four patients distribution in the intra and extrahepatic biliary duct system was investigated by admixture of radiographically opaque media with both irrigation fluids. It was shown that both the oily and watery phase of the irrigation media were distributed homogeneously in the duct system and that the stone surface was covered adequately.

Aged↗