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Biomedical subjects

H Ben-Aryeh

Publications and source records attributed to H Ben-Aryeh.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Salivary tests as a diagnostic tool in oral disease management].

Saliva plays an important role in maintaining the oral and the dental health, by lubricating the mucosae and protecting the teeth from caries attack. Furthermore, saliva participates in the taste sensation and recognition processes and is a central component in the first stage of the food digestion. Saliva collection, either in the pure or in the whole form, is a relatively easy procedure. Since the collection is non invasive, it is not harmful to the patient and has no complications. The paper discusses the use of saliva in the diagnosis of oral and systemic diseases and in monitoring the levels of molecules like hormones and medicines. The experience accumulated in our department in that field is also presented.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed2001

The effect of low-dose interleukin-2-based immunotherapy on salivary function and composition in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

One of the side-effects accompanying low-dose recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2)-based immunotherapy is salivary hypofunction. We evaluated the functional and compositional whole salivary profile at both resting and stimulated conditions in 10 renal cell carcinoma patients who received prolonged low-dose rIL-2-based immunotherapy. Following the termination of 4 weeks of the combined administration of rIL-2 and recombinant interferon-alpha (rIFN-alpha), we found significant reductions of salivary flow rates at resting condition, accompanied by significant multiple compositional alterations, including increases in calcium, magnesium and phosphate concentrations, and significant reductions in total protein concentration. In contrast, no flow rate reduction was noted under stimulated condition, and the only significant altered compositional component was the phosphate. We recommend salivary-supporting therapies and anticariogenic treatments for patients undergoing low-dose rIL-2-based immunotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Early diagnosis and treatment monitoring roles of tumor markers Cyfra 21-1 and TPS in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Mucosal oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for 3-5% of all reported cancers, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 50%. Unfortunately, current detection means are of no value in diagnosing lesions early enough for cure, especially when they recur after resection. Postoperative radiotherapy and/or covering the resection site with reconstructive flaps (regional or free vascularized) often makes early diagnosis an impossible task. METHODS: The authors examined the detection and treatment monitoring capacity of two relatively new tumor markers in the serum of SCC patients, comparing their levels with those in patients with other oral/perioral malignancies or benign oral tumors and with disease free, posttreatment SCC patients and healthy controls. RESULTS: Values of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative prediction for Cyfra 21-1 were 96%, 87%, 93%, and 53%, respectively, whereas those for tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) were 69%, 87%, 93%, and 54%, respectively. Approximately 2-3 weeks after resection of the SCC lesion, Cyfra 21-1 and TPS levels were reduced by 47% (P < or = 0.003) and 36% (P < or = 0.041), respectively. Cyfra 21-1 levels in SCC patients were significantly greater than those of healthy patients by 73% (P < or = 0.0001), patients with benign tumors by 74% (P < or = 0.0003), and patients in disease remission by 66% (P < or = 0.0002). Similarly, the TPS levels of SCC patients were significantly greater than those of healthy patients by 59% (P < or = 0.0005), patients with benign tumors by 55% (P < or = 0.0001), and patients in disease remission by 59% (P < or = 0.0001). In two patients, a second, new SCC lesion was diagnosed within the follow-up period, with increased tumor markers noted concomitantly with the diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The accumulated data point to the suitability of the clinical usage of these two markers, especially Cyfra 21-1, in the early detection of oral SCC lesions (primary, recurrent, or secondary) as well as for treatment monitoring. These results may open new avenues for the diagnosis and follow-up of these patients and hopefully improve their treatment outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The effect of smoking and periodontal treatment on salivary composition in patients with established periodontitis.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of smoking on the periodontal status and the salivary composition in subjects with established periodontitis before and after periodontal therapy. METHODS: Our study group included 26 healthy subjects, 12 smokers and 14 non-smokers with established periodontitis. Clinical measurements and non-stimulated whole saliva were obtained and analyzed at baseline and after scaling and root planing. Smokers presented at baseline with significantly greater probing depth (4.16+/-0.26) compared to non-smokers (3.52+/-0.32) which was statistically significant (P = 0.0268); likewise, baseline clinical attachment level was greater in smokers (4.49+/-0.31 compared to non-smokers 3.87+/-0.13; P = 0.0620). Mean plaque index was also greater in smokers compared to non-smokers (0.86 and 0.65, respectively; P = 0.0834). Baseline pretreatment sodium values were significantly greater in non-smokers (14.36 mEq/l compared to 9.31 mEq/l in smokers; P = 0.0662); likewise non-smokers exhibited 50% greater salivary calcium levels (6.04 mg/100 ml compared to 4.32 mg/100 ml in smokers; P = 0.0133). RESULTS: Post-treatment probing depth and clinical attachment level were not different between smokers and non-smokers; this in spite of significant difference in plaque index in smokers (0.35 compared to 0.13 in non-smokers; P = 0.0135). Post-treatment, smokers had reduced calcium concentration (3.58 mg/100 ml compared to 5.11 mg/100 ml in non-smokers; P = 0.0438). Treatment affected albumin level in smokers only, consequently non-smokers had significantly greater salivary albumin concentration (1.1 mg/100 ml compared to 0.38 mg/100 ml in smokers; P = 0.0274). CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with established periodontitis exhibited elevated concentrations of salivary electrolytes and proteins. Within this study group, smokers exhibited greater disease level but reduced sodium, calcium, and magnesium concentrations. Smokers responded favorably to treatment. The clinical improvement eliminated the differences in salivary composition.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Salivary flow-rate and composition in schizophrenic patients on clozapine: subjective reports and laboratory data.

The extent of hypersalivation was evaluated in a group of 25 schizophrenic patients on clozapine. A high prevalence of the complaint was detected by a questionnaire; up to 80% of the patients complained of hypersalivation at night. Salivary flow-rate and composition was examined in 17 patients who agreed to participate and in a matched group of healthy controls. No significant differences were detected in composition or flow-rates of resting and stimulated saliva. The salivary flow-rates in the schizophrenic patients on clozapine did not correlate with the subjective complaint of hypersalivation. Because the severity and prevalence of the complaint was higher at night, a possibility of an altered circadian rhythm of salivation might be suggested in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Use of saliva in home monitoring of carbamazepine levels.

Total carbamazepine (CBZ) levels in serum of 61 epileptic children were compared with saliva levels. Both resting and stimulated saliva was analyzed. The salivary levels were 38.6% of serum CBZ levels. A highly significant correlation was noted (r = 0.89, p < 0.001). Stimulation had no effect on saliva CBZ levels (r = 0.97). Salivary and serum CBZ levels were not affected by storing the samples for 7 days at room temperature. The data indicate that salivary CBZ may provide a reliable alternative monitoring method to Tegretol therapy, especially in children, in whom blood sampling is difficult. Furthermore, the samples may be collected at home and delivered to the laboratory by mail.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Seasickness susceptibility, personality factors, and salivation.

The present study investigates the possible relationship between motion sickness susceptibility, personality factors and salivation. Personality factors, as evaluated by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and salivary composition and flow were measured in a group of 29 subjects highly susceptible to seasickness and in a group of 25 non-susceptible subjects. The non-susceptible group had significantly higher psychoticism scores and significantly lower salivary amylase levels compared to the highly susceptible group. A significant positive correlation was found between psychoticism scores and the amount of the increase in salivary flow in response to gustatory stimulation. These results provide more data in support of a connection between motion sickness susceptibility, personality, and the autonomic nervous system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Whole saliva in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Whole saliva composition and flow rate were examined in 22 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and compared with matched healthy controls. Significantly lowered salivary flow rate was observed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus unrelated to the subjective complaint of xerostomia. Salivary sodium, calcium, and magnesium concentrations were significantly higher in the SLE patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, whereas potassium and total protein concentrations and amylase activity did not differ significantly from the controls. Salivary IgA and IgM levels were significantly higher in the patients than in controls. IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, C4, antinuclear antibody, and anti-DNA antibody levels were measured in serum of the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and correlated with salivary immunoglobulins. The only significant correlation between saliva and serum was found between levels of salivary IgG and serum anti-DNA antibody. The altered salivary composition might indicate a subclinical involvement of salivary glands in the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Salivary composition, gender and psychosocial stress.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate salivary composition as an indicator of psychological stress. A group of 26 new Israeli patients in a stress management clinic was studied in an attempt to assess both the effects of long standing trait-related stress as well as that of situational state related stress. Significantly higher state anxiety scores, blood pressure, pulse rate, and lower salivary flow rates were found in the patients before as compared to after the initial psychodiagnostic interview, illustrating the effect of a situational stress. Significantly lower salivary flow rates and elevated total protein concentrations were found in the patients after the interview as compared to healthy controls, illustrating the effect of sympathetic enhancement associated with more stable trait-related psychological stress. Salivary electrolytes (Na and K) and IgA did not differ significantly when the clinical sample was compared to the control group. Although male patients reported lower state anxiety than female patients did, their hemodynamic and salivary composition measures indicated a higher sympathetic arousal, possibly reflecting Israeli male patient difficulties in adapting their distress.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

Salivary secretion and seasickness susceptibility.

The salivary flow rate and composition of 2 groups of 31 subjects, one group at each extreme of the seasickness susceptibility scale, were compared. No significant differences were found between the two groups in flow rates and electrolyte concentrations of whole resting and stimulated saliva. Amylase activity and rate of secretion in resting saliva were significantly higher in subjects susceptible to seasickness as compared with nonsusceptible subjects. Also, the total protein rate of secretion in resting saliva was significantly higher in the susceptible group. The present findings could be explained in terms of higher sympathetic tone in subjects susceptible to seasickness, and salivary amylase levels might be recommended as an additional parameter in the evaluation of seasickness susceptibility.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Composition of whole unstimulated saliva of healthy children: changes with age.

Whole unstimulated saliva was collected from 136 healthy subjects divided into 5 groups according to age: (1) 25 infants, 7-11 months old; (2) 28 toddlers, 2-3 yr old; (3) 28 children, 6-8 yr old; (4) 28 adolescents, 12-14 yr old; (5) 27 adults, 25-63 yr old. The concentrations of Na, K, total protein, IgA and amylase activity were measured. A significant ascending linear correlation with age was found for concentrations of Na, total protein, IgA and amylase activity. There were significant differences between age groups in K and IgA concentrations. Salivary amylase activity was very variable, and a significant difference was found between infants and toddlers only. Salivary composition thus changes significantly during childhood, implying a process of development and maturation of the salivary glands and indicating the need of age-matched controls for the clinical use of saliva.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Differential distribution of an estrogen receptor in the submandibular and parotid salivary glands of female rats.

The purpose of this study was to measure the availability of the estrogen receptor in submandibular and parotid salivary glands in female rats. The presence of a specific, competitive, and saturable estrogen binder in rat salivary gland tissue was determined by saturation analysis and steroid competition in cell-free homogenates of salivary gland tissue from adult ovariectomized females. Scatchard analysis of the data indicated an estrogen receptor content of 1971.1 +/- 651.4 femtomoles/gm of tissue in submandibular salivary gland. This was significantly (p less than 0.01) greater than the number of estrogen binding sites in the parotid gland (457.1 +/- 123.4 femtomoles/gm tissue). Thus, there is a differential distribution in estrogen receptor content between parotid and submandibular salivary glands. The presence of an estrogen receptor in salivary gland tissue may serve to promote gender differences in submandibular salivary gland EGF content, to mediate changes in saliva composition during the female reproductive cycle and to regulate EGF release for cyclic uterine growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of unbound and total serum theophylline concentrations with those of stimulated and unstimulated saliva in asthmatic children.

Unstimulated saliva, citric acid stimulated saliva, and serum were collected from 31 asthmatic children taking theophylline. Salivary theophylline concentrations, and total and unbound serum theophylline concentrations were measured. The correlation coefficients between both types of saliva, and total and unbound serum theophylline were all statistically significant (p less than 0.001). The highest correlation coefficients were obtained with stimulated saliva and total serum concentrations (r = 0.98), and stimulated saliva and unbound serum (r = 0.96). The coefficients when unstimulated saliva was compared to either total or unbound serum concentrations were 0.90 and 0.89, respectively. Serum binding of theophylline averaged 58.1%. Unstimulated saliva had a higher mean theophylline concentration than stimulated saliva. The results suggest that salivary monitoring using stimulated saliva may be used to predict serum concentrations with a high degree of confidence when the saliva levels are substantially lower than, higher than, or in the middle of the therapeutic range, but there is a considerable degree of uncertainty when the salivary values are near the lower or upper end of the therapeutic range.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Salivary changes associated with seasickness.

Salivary composition and flow rate were measured in 13 healthy male volunteers exposed to a real seasickness situation. The flow rates of whole unstimulated and stimulated saliva were significantly reduced at sea in about 80% of the subjects. Salivary flow rate was negatively correlated with seasickness severity. These results contrast with the classic concept of increased salivation during seasickness. At sea, the potassium concentration of both unstimulated and stimulated saliva was significantly reduced, while sodium concentration was consistently elevated. The sodium and protein concentrations were positively correlated with seasickness severity. Thus, objective measurements of salivary flow rate and composition may be recommended for evaluation of the seasickness syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Effect of exercise on salivary composition and cortisol in serum and saliva in man.

The effect of exercise on electrolytes and cortisol levels in serum and saliva was examined in 27 young, healthy male volunteers who performed graded submaximal cycle exercise for nine min at up to 85% of their age-predicted maximal heart rate. Seventeen men performed the Wingate anaerobic test for 30 s. A significant increase in pulse rate and systolic blood pressure and a decrease in diastolic blood pressure were found, and serum concentrations of Na+, K+, and lactate were significantly elevated immediately after exercise. A nonsignificant increase in saliva and serum cortisol levels was found. Significantly lowered salivary flow rate and elevated salivary K+, protein, and lactate concentrations were found within ten min after exercise. Salivary Mg2+ was significantly elevated after anaerobic exercise only.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Salivary changes associated with experimental motion sickness condition in man.

The effect of experimental motion sickness condition (rotation) on salivary flow and composition was studied in 34 healthy male volunteers. In most subjects, the flow rate of whole saliva was significantly decreased, while the potassium concentration was markedly increased during rotation. These results contrast with the classic reports of subjectively increased salivation in the first stages of motion sickness and may tentatively be explained in terms of sympathetic activation. The salivary protein concentration and secretion rate observed before and during rotation were consistently higher in those subjects categorized as moderately or severely sick during rotation. The salivary protein levels may perhaps be considered as an additional objective variable in the prediction of susceptibility to motion sickness.

Adolescent↗