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Biomedical subjects

H Berendes

Publications and source records attributed to H Berendes.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis from ingestion of a chloride-deficient infant formula: outcome 9 and 10 years later.

In 1978 and 1979 two infant formulas, Neo-Mull-Soy and Cho-Free, were found to be deficient in chloride. The Centers for Disease Control received reports that hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis (HMA) had developed in 141 children as a result of exposure to these formulas. Thirty-five of these children were examined at 9 and 10 years of age and compared with a group of 32 children who were exposed to the chloride-deficient formulas but were not reported to experience HMA and a group of 61 children who received chloride-sufficient soy formulas in infancy. The control children were matched to the HMA children on sex, race, age, and maternal education. Growth characteristics, performance on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R), the Boston Naming Test, the Rey-Osterrieth Test, the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-Revised (CELF-R), and subtests from several other speech and language tests were compared across the groups. After adjustment for family income and the level of the father's education, significantly lower scores were observed in the HMA children on the WISC-R Arithmetic subtest (mean = 10.5) compared with the soy control children (mean = 12.0, P less than .05) and on the WISC-R Coding subtest (mean = 9.0) compared with the soy control children (mean = 10.8, P less than .01). All the WISC-R subtest scores were, however, within the normal range. Although no significant differences occurred on the CELF-R between groups, the risk of an HMA child falling below the range expected for a standard population was increased on the CELF-R Composite Total, Receptive, and Expressive Language scores: risk ratios = 2.14, 2.14, and 3.03 respectively. Significant differences were observed between the children exposed, both HMA and non-HMA children, and the soy control children for behavioral problems as determined by the Achenbach Childhood Behavioral Checklist. It is concluded that as a group, children with documented HMA appear to have recovered from their growth failure and have normal cognitive development. They may, however, be at risk for deficits in language skills that require expressive language abilities.

Alkalosis↗
PubMed1990

Seasonality of births among Bedouin Arabs residing in the Negev Desert of Israel.

From 1 January 1981 to 31 December 1982 information on all births to Bedouin Arab women residing in the Negev Desert of Israel showed a previously unreported seasonal pattern. The peak season, November-February, coincided with the period of cool temperatures and the Bedouin Arab cultural seasons of winter and spring. This pattern is different from those of Jewish and Christian groups in the same region, a difference not attributable to religion alone. Sociodemographic factors associated with the peak season of birth include traditional occupations of fathers, multiparae 2+, and traditional place of residence. This pattern has persisted over the past 15 years although it is less apparent among the more recently sedentarized Bedouin Arabs.

Birth Rate↗
PubMed1990

Exposure to a chloride-deficient formula during infancy: outcome at ages 9 and 10 years.

A school-based survey of the 1978 to 1979 birth cohort of two metropolitan Washington, DC, counties was conducted to find children who had been exposed to the chloride-deficient formulas Neo-Mull-Soy and Cho-Free during infancy. Children who had ingested other soy formulas that had an adequate chloride content were also found and matched to the exposed children by sex, race, birth weight, the age of the child, the mixed feeding status of the child, and maternal education. One hundred seventy-one of the exposed children and 261 soy control children were given a battery of psychologic tests in their homes to determine whether there had been any effect on intellectual development as a result of exposure to the chloride-deficient formulas. There were no differences in scores between the groups on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, the Boston Naming Test, the Rey-Osterrieth Test, or the FAS Verbal Fluency Test. There was no correlation between duration of exclusive exposure to the chloride-deficient formulas and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised Full-Scale IQ Score (Pearson product-moment r = -.0825, P = .28). These results cannot be extrapolated to exposed children with documented hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. It is concluded that in children without documented evidence of hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, exposure to the chloride-deficient formulas Neo-Mull-Soy or Cho-Free during infancy has not resulted in any long-term adverse effects on cognitive development.

Child↗
PubMed1979

A prospective study of spontaneous fetal losses after induced abortions.

The incidence of spontaneous abortions was observed among 31,917 women followed from their first prenatal visit. Life-table analysis showed that losses in the first trimester were not significantly affected by previous induced abortions, nor was any change in the risk of second-trimester losses detected among the 1493 parous women who reported having had induced abortions after childbirth. There was, however, an increase in the incidence of midtrimester losses among the 2019 nulliparous women with previous induced abortions; the age-adjusted rate of loss was 59.9 per 100,000 women at risk per day, as compared with 24.2 among the 12,042 control nulliparous women (P less than 0.001). The relative risk increased with the number of previous induced abortions and was not explained by the distribution of demographic and social variables. The risk decreased from 3.27 (95 per cent confidence limits, 1.72 to 6.23) after abortions induced before 1973, mainly by dilation and curettage, to 1.42 (0.76 to 2.65) after those done since 1973, when the more gentle technic of cervical dilation by use of laminaria was introduced. These findings indicate that there is little or no risk of spontaneous abortions after induced abortions when performed by current technics.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1979

Use of contraceptives prior to and after conception and exposure to other fetal hazards.

In a large prospective study, set up to determine whether reproductive outcomes are affected by prior contraceptive use, 34,344 women were recruited at their first antenatal visit and followed until pregnancy termination. This paper summarizes the study methods and describes the demographic differences between subjects who used various contraceptives shortly before conception, and those who experienced contraceptive failures. Thirty percent of the women had used oral contraceptives (OCs) during the 5 months prior to conception and 2.4% had continued using them after their LMP. IUDs had been used by 5.8% of women before conception and 1.1% after. If these rates are also true for the whole population of the U.S., they indicate that approximately 70,000 babies are born each year following pill-failures and 30,000 following failures of IUD's. Exposure to other fetal hazards was common, with 48% of pregnant women drinking alcohol, 28% smoking, and 15% receiving diagnostic X-rays. OC use was more common among smokers and drinkers, and OC failures were significantly associated with the use of anti-epileptics, aspirin, and with exposure to radiation.

Adult↗