Biomedical subjects

H Blachstein

Publications and source records attributed to H Blachstein.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1994

A supplementary measure in the Rey AVLT for assessing incidental learning of temporal order.

Temporal order judgment is considered an important aspect of memory, both clinically and theoretically. Theories treat temporal order variously as an example of automatic process, contextual information, or source memory. However, despite its significance, temporal order is not well represented in standard memory tests or batteries. The well-known Rey AVLT (Auditory-Verbal Learning Test) was judged suitable for incorporation of a temporal order measure because it already includes several measures of learning and memory. The measure was administered to 190 healthy subjects divided into four age groups, who then were given list A in random order and asked to rewrite the words in their original order. Memory for temporal order was found to be sensitive to age and gender. Although temporal order judgment was part of incidental learning, scoring was significantly higher than could be attributed to chance. The correlation pattern between temporal order and other Rey AVLT scores suggests that temporal order is related to retention rather than to acquisition.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test: structure analysis.

One of the major advantages of the Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) is its multiple measures of learning and memory. This study evaluated empirically whether the different scores are, in fact, not merely different expressions of a single factor, but, rather, measures of different memory domains. The Rey AVLT was administered to 146 normal subjects. Factor analyses produced one, two, or three factors depending on the combination of scores included in the analysis and on the criteria used to determine the number of factors. The basic factors identified were acquisition and retention. The latter can be subdivided further into storage and retrieval, thus yielding a total of three factors.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Relative importance of informational units and their role in long-term recall by closed-head-injured patients and control groups.

The purpose of this study was to apply qualitative analysis to the information recalled by control Ss and closed-head-injured (CHI) patients. The Logical Memory subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale (Wechsler, 1945) was administered to 40 CHI and 40 control Ss. Recall was tested immediately after administration, 40 min later, and 24 hr later. The analysis took into account the importance of recalled information as determined by a prior rating according to 3 levels of importance. Results suggest that CHI patients have difficulty selectively retrieving the most important information after a long delay.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Automatic temporal order judgment: the effect of intentionality of retrieval on closed-head-injured patients.

Closed-head-injured (CHI) and control groups were tested on a temporal order task under intentional and incidental retrieval conditions. Subjects were given five presentations of a list of nouns. In the incidental retrieval condition, subjects were told that they were to remember the words but that the order was not important. In the intentional retrieval condition, subjects were given the words in an order different from that in which they were originally presented and were asked to reorder the words to match the original order. For both conditions we compared the order in which words were recalled to the order in which they were originally presented. The results suggest that temporal order memory had more effortful characteristics in the intentional than in the incidental retrieval condition. The two groups did not differ significantly in the incidental retrieval condition. However, while the control group showed a significant improvement in the intentional retrieval condition. CHI groups performance did not significantly change. This study highlights two major points: (1) intentionality at the retrieval stage determines the effortfulness with which information is processed; (2) the more automatic the tasks, the better it is preserved following closed-head injury.

Adolescent↗