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Biomedical subjects

H Blumenthal

Publications and source records attributed to H Blumenthal.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Treatment of severe, disabling migraine attacks in an over-the-counter population of migraine sufferers: results from three randomized, placebo-controlled studies of the combination of acetaminophen, aspirin, and caffeine.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the benefits of acetaminophen, aspirin, and caffeine (AAC) in the treatment of severe, disabling migraine attacks, in a population of migraine sufferers for whom over-the-counter (OTC) medications are appropriate. BACKGROUND: Subjects (n = 1220) who met the International Headache Society criteria for migraine with or without aura were included in three independent clinical studies. DESIGN/METHODS: Post-hoc analysis of 172 subjects who met the criteria for severe, disabling migraine reported a history of migraine attacks characterized by at least severe pain and severe disability, and treated attacks with severe pain and at least severe disability. Subjects who usually vomited with 20% or more of their migraine attacks, and those with incapacitating disability (subjects who required bed rest for more than 50% of their attacks) were not eligible for enrollment. RESULTS: From 1 h and continuing through 6 h postdose, the proportion of responders was significantly greater (p< or =0.01) for AAC than placebo. The pain intensity difference from baseline was significantly greater (p< or =0.05) for AAC than placebo from 0.5 h through 6 h. The proportion of subjects reporting improvement in functional disability, photophobia, and phonophobia was significantly greater for AAC than placebo from 2 h through 6 h postdose. CONCLUSIONS: The nonprescription combination of AAC was well tolerated and effective.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1983

Distribution of 14C-labelled acrylamide and betaine in foetuses of rats, rabbits, beagle dogs and miniature pigs.

[14C]Acrylamide and [14C]betaine hydrochloride were administered in a single iv dose to pregnant rats, rabbits, beagle dogs and miniature pigs late in gestation (1-2 days before expected parturition). Dosages used were 10 mg/kg for rats and 5 mg/kg for the other species. The compounds were allowed to equilibrate in the animal (for 1 hr in rats and for 2 hr in the other species); the dam was then killed and the foetuses were removed by caesarean section. Each foetus was weighed and analysed for radioactivity, either by homogenization of the whole foetus (rat and rabbit) or by determining separately the radioactivity in individual organs and tissues (dog and pig). Foetal uptake of the polar compound betaine hydrochloride was much lower than that of the more lipophilic acrylamide. The sex of the foetus did not appear to affect uptake of either compound. There were no significant differences in total uptake of isotope attributable to the position of the foetus within the uterus in any of the four species given either acrylamide or betaine. Similarly, uterine position did not affect the uptake of acrylamide or betaine by individual tissues of foetal dogs or pigs. Since the distributions of 14C-labelled acrylamide and betaine hydrochloride were essentially uniform throughout a litter, it would not be necessary to sample all of the members of a litter to obtain a representative picture of foetal distribution.

Acrylamides↗
PubMed1982

Brain damage, stress, and life span: an experimental study.

Mice received frontal pole transections or sham operations, and approximately half in each group experienced cold stress five times throughout their lives. On two occasions certain selected animals were subjected to cold + restraint stress. Neither the brain lesions nor the cold stress affected life span. The stressors, however, were effective in temporarily elevating serum corticosterone levels and, in the case of cold + restraint, producing gastric stress erosions. A significant partial correlation between stress and cause of death was found. This effect appeared to be due primarily to reticulum cell sarcomas metastasizing to the lung (pulmonary tumors) with much greater frequency among animals exposed to stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The offspring of schizophrenics. Fetal and neonatal deaths.

This is the first report in a projected series on neurological development among the offspring of schizophernics. An increased incidence of fetal and neonatal deaths is noted among offspring of schizophrenics when compared to a closely matched control group, using data collected prospectively. In many cases, no apparent reason for death was determined; in some cases, major neurological malformations were found. It is necessary to consider three possible explantions for these findings--genotype of the child, adverse intrauterine environment, and medication toxicity.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗