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Biomedical subjects

H Bode

Publications and source records attributed to H Bode.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Transcranial Doppler sonography in childhood. 1. Study technic and biological effect magnitudes].

The blood flow velocities in the basal cerebral arteries can be recorded at any age by transcranial Doppler sonography. Using a standardised examination technique the vessel identification is reliable even without visual control. A stable state of vigilance is necessary to obtain constant recordings. Age has a definite influence on the flow velocities. Velocities increase linearily during the first weeks and later on more slowly until they reach their maximum around the 6th year of life. The influence of CO2 partial pressure, gestational age, birth weight and haematocrit on the flow velocities must be taken into consideration. Heart rate and arterial blood pressure are relevant only in case of extreme values.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1989

[Transcranial Doppler sonography in children. 2. Clinical uses].

Transcranial Doppler sonography of basal cerebral arteries is helpful for diagnosis and control of the course of paediatric diseases like patent ductus arteriosus, perinatal brain damage, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral malformations and stenoses and occlusions of main cerebral arteries. The technique also allows control of hyperventilation therapy of cerebral oedema. With a few exceptions, the Doppler results are not specific for a particular disease. However, they do supply important information on the specific pathophysiology of cerebral haemodynamics. The evaluation of the recordings should take into account the clinical condition of the child, the laboratory results, the results of imaging methods and intra- and interindividual comparisons.

Brain↗
PubMed1989

Transcranial Doppler sonography in children.

The blood flow velocities in the basal cerebral arteries can be recorded at any age by transcranial Doppler sonography. By a standardized examination technique, the vessel identification is reliable even without visual control of the site of the sample volume. A stable state of vigilance is necessary to obtain constant recordings. Age has a tremendous influence on the flow velocities. The velocities increase rapidly during the first weeks and reach their maximum around the sixth year of life. The influence of carbon dioxide partial pressure, gestational age, birth weight, hematocrit, and vigilance on the velocities has to be considered. Heart rate and arterial blood pressure are relevant only in cases of extreme values. The clinical applications of transcranial Doppler sonography cover diseases like patent ductus arteriosus, perinatal brain damage, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral malformations, brain death, and stenoses and occlusions of main cerebral arteries. The technique is helpful for control of certain therapies. A continuous recording technique has also been developed for this purpose. Care should be taken in deriving a prognosis from Doppler recordings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Herlitz syndrome and "pyloric atresia"].

The aetiological and pathogenic relation between junctional epidermolysis bullosa (Herlitz) and prepyloric and pyloric obstruction in newborns with junctional epidermolysis bullosa is still unknown. There are two different hypotheses; one suggesting two distinct genetically related disorders (namely junctional epidermolysis bullosa and congenital pyloric atresia), the other suggesting an intrauterine mucosal damage in junctional epidermolysis bullosa. We report two infants suffering from junctional epidermolysis bullosa, Herlitz-type, verified by electron microscopy, and from connatal prepyloric and pyloric obstruction. In both cases we could demonstrate proliferative inflammation at the prepyloric antrum and pylorus as the cause of the obstruction but no complete obliteration of the pyloric channel. These findings point to an intrauterine event impacting the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with junctional epidermolysis bullosa of the Herlitz-type and don't comply with the hypothesis of two different but genetically related diseases.

Epidermolysis Bullosa↗
PubMed1988

Diagnosis of brain death by transcranial Doppler sonography.

The blood flow velocities in the basal cerebral arteries can be recorded at any age by transcranial Doppler sonography. We examined nine children with either initial or developing clinical signs of brain death. Soon after successful resuscitation increased diastolic flow velocities indicated a probable decrease in cerebrovascular resistance; this was of no particular prognostic importance. As soon as there was a clinical deterioration, there was a reduction in flow velocities with retrograde flow during early diastole, probably due to an increase in cerebrovascular resistance; this indicated a doubtful prognosis. In eight of the nine children with clinical signs of brain death a typical reverberating flow pattern was found, which was characterised by a counterbalancing short forward flow in systole and a short retrograde flow in early diastole. This indicated arrest of cerebral blood flow. One newborn showed normal systolic and end diastolic flow velocities in the basal cerebral arteries for two days despite clinical and electroencephalographic signs of brain death. Shunting of blood through the circle of Willis without effective cerebral perfusion may explain this phenomenon. No patient had the typical reverberating flow pattern without being clinically brain dead. Transcranial Doppler sonography is a reliable technique, which can be used at the bedside for the confirmation or the exclusion of brain death in children in addition to the clinical examination.

Basilar Artery↗
PubMed1988

Age dependence of flow velocities in basal cerebral arteries.

Flow velocities in the basal cerebral arteries were studied by transcranial Doppler sonography. A longitudinal study was undertaken on 25 healthy newborn babies during the first 20 days of life, and a cross sectional study was performed on 112 healthy children between 1 day and 18 years of age. A rapid linear increase of flow velocities was found within the first 20 days with higher velocities in neonates of higher birth weight and gestational age. Maximal values were recorded at the age of 5 to 6 years. After that the velocities decreased linearly to 70% of their maximum at the age of 18 years. Reference values were derived from the data considering age and birth weight. The increasing flow velocities probably reflect the increasing cerebral blood flow during the first years of life. Our results also support the hypothesis of a decrease in cerebrovascular resistance during infancy. With the technique of transcranial Doppler sonography and the introduced reference values normal and abnormal intracranial flow velocities can now be assessed by non-invasive methods in all paediatric age groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Embryofetopathy caused by postnatally detected maternal phenylketonuria].

A case of a now 10-month-old female infant is reported, who presented at birth with microcephalus, growth retardation, dystrophia, facial dysplasia and cardiac defect. Etiologically a classical phenylketonuria of the mother with very high levels of serum phenylalanine (51 and 41 mg/dl, respectively), which was not known until then, was diagnosed already after her confinement. The mother, aged 26, originates from Roumania. She had never been treated by any phenylalanine-limited diet. Psychological testing revealed a severely reduced intelligence (IQ = 63). The child, having normal levels of serum phenylalanine, presented with mild statomotor retardation at the age of ten months. Even in countries with a general neonatal screening program, a hitherto undiagnosed maternal phenylketonuria has to be considered within the differential diagnosis of a dystrophic microcephalic newborn, beside more common causes like the fetal alcohol syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Cerebral infarction in term neonates: diagnosis by cerebral ultrasound.

Cranial ultrasound (US) through the newborn's open fontanelle can diagnose not only intracerebral hemorrhages but also diffuse and localized hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathies. Sonographically, it was possible to distinguish between different courses of cerebral ischemia in seven neonates: ischemic infarction, usually in the area of the middle cerebral artery: borderline infarction; transient ischemia. The patients showed lateralized seizures during the first days of life with a corresponding focus in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Computed tomography showed areas of partially reduced density corresponding to the regions of increased echogenicity in ultrasound. The course was various; prognosis was good except in one patient. Etiologically, embolism, thromboses or hypoxemia were responsible for cerebral infarction. In some cases secondary bleeding ensued. The prognostic value of cerebral lesions was dependent on the involved area, gestational age, and any concurrent hypoxic cerebral damage.

Cerebral Infarction↗
PubMed1985

Diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of a pediatric case of cardiomyopathy using phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

An 8 month old girl presented with undiagnosed non-anatomic congenital cardiomyopathy with massive cardiomegaly on chest X-ray film. Her older sibling had died suddenly at 6 months of age from what appeared to be a similar abnormality. Utilizing phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (P-31 NMR) surface coil spectroscopy, a metabolic disorder was demonstrated in both her myocardium and skeletal muscle, revealing a phosphocreatine (PCr) to inorganic phosphate (Pi) ratio of half of that for a normal control infant. Manipulation of serum substrate availability indicated that medium chain triglycerides alone did not improve myocardial metabolism, but that intravenous glucose or oral carbohydrate loading raised the myocardial PCr/Pi ratio from 1.0 +/- 0.05 to 1.8 +/- 0.1 (p less than 0.01) without significantly affecting the PCr/Pi value of her resting skeletal muscle. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance to evaluate the biochemistry of the human myocardium in vivo and to diagnose a metabolic abnormality. Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance can thus be used to optimize therapy for human disease.

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1985

[Ostium stenosis of both coronary arteries and latent hypothyroidism as sequelae of radiotherapy in Hodgkin disease].

Premature arteriosclerosis following irradiation is a known experimental and clinical phenomenon. Although the heart was once considered a relatively radioresistant organ, now all components, including the coronary arteries, are recognised as possible targets of radiation injury. We present a 40-year-old women who received extensive neck and thoracic radiation for treatment of Hodgkin's disease. Ten years later she developed severe coronary artery disease with ostium stenosis of the left and right coronary arteries, as well as subclinical hypothyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Obesity and diabetes-morbidity--a prospective 5-year study].

In a prospective 5-year-study the development of adiposity was tested in a population group consisting of about 30,000 persons. It was shown that during the time of investigation the population decreased in its total number, the consumption of easily digestible carbohydrates and meat, however, increased. As it was established in 1968, the proportion of the adipose persons (more than 20% of the Broca-weight) and the percental average deviation from the Broca-weight (calculated in decennium classes) was more than in the comparable population groups in the GDR. Contrary to expectation the examination further showed that on an average men exhibited a trend to the increase in weight, but on the average women decreased in weight. In all age groups (with the exception of the 60- to 69-year-old persons) the proportion of obese persons was significantly lower in 1973 than in 1968. Unchangedly adipose are the diabetics who also have a by far higher average weight than the healthy population and who up to now do not reveal an inclination to the decrease in weight. With 2.9% the average frequency of diabetes is also adequately high.

Adult↗