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Biomedical subjects

H Bornemann

Publications and source records attributed to H Bornemann.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Influence of acute normovolaemic haemodilution on the dose-response relationship and time course of action of cisatracurium besylate.

BACKGROUND: Acute normovolaemic haemodilution (ANH) is an efficacious blood conservation strategy aiming at avoiding allogeneic blood transfusion. ANH was shown to increase the potency of vecuronium, atracurium, and rocuronium. The aim of our study was to investigate whether cisatracurium potency is altered with ANH. METHODS: Using the Relaxometer mechanomyograph, we compared cisatracurium dose-response relationship and time course of action in 60 patients randomly allocated to the ANH or control groups. Patients in each group were randomly allocated to receive one of three cisatracurium doses (30, 40, 50 microg kg(-1)) followed by a second supplemental dose to reach a total of 100 microg kg(-1). RESULTS: ANH did not result in a significant shift in cisatracurium log dose-probit dose-response curve. There was no significant difference in mean (95% confidence intervals) ED(50), ED(90), and ED(95) (effective doses required for 50, 90, and 95% first twitch depression) between the ANH group [29.5 (27-32), 50.4 (47.4-53.4), 58.7 (55.3-62) microg kg(-1)] and the control group [28.2 (25.3-31), 47.6 (44.9-50.3), 55.3 (52.5-58.1) microg kg(-1)], whereas there was no difference in mean (SD) Dur(25) and Dur(0.8) (time until 25% first twitch and 0.8 train-of-four ratio recoveries) between the ANH group [40.8 (5.9), 64.7 (8.4) min] and the control group [42.2 (7.6), 66.5 (10.7) min]. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated that unlike other previously reported neuromuscular blocking drugs, ANH did not alter cisatracurium potency. Thus, cisatracurium would be the neuromuscular blocking drug of choice in patients who undergo surgery with ANH, as no dose adjustments are required.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Osteogenesis imperfecta: clinical symptoms and update findings in computed tomography and tympano-cochlear scintigraphy.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an autosomal-dominantly inherited connective tissue disorder characterized by abnormal bone fragility combined with blue sclerae. The association of OI with hearing impairment is commonly known as Van der Hoeve-de Kleyn syndrome. Besides typical symptoms we here report on findings by high resolution CT and by high resolving scintigraphy of the labyrinthine capsule in 3 families (9 patients) with OI, which resemble those in otosclerosis (OS): In 4 of 6 cases with OI and mixed hearing loss, severely decreased peri-cochlear bone density was established by CT. In these cases, increased bone metabolism could be revealed by high resolving tympano-cochlear scintigraphy (TCS) in the cochlear region. In 2 patients with mixed hearing loss and 3 cases without hearing impairment or with slight conductive hearing loss, bone alteration was not detectable by CT and TCS. These results raise the question whether OI and OS lead to similar labyrinthine bone alterations, based on different aetiologies or whether these diseases may co-exist, OS being part of OI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Recording the feeding behavior of freely moving animals using the example of freely diving Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii)].

During the antarctic summer 1990, the pattern of food intake in comparison to diving-activity was investigated on adult Weddell seals. Diving depths were recorded by a time-depth recorder (TDR). The TDR is a free programmable electronic datalogger, which can store data on up to 5 channels. It was fixed on the fur of the seal, ensuring that no longer lasting irritation of the animal was caused. The pattern of food-intake was monitored by measuring the jaw-movements, using strain gauges for recording the deformation of the muscles by mastication. After electronic amplification and filtering, the frequency of jaw-activity within a measuring period was recorded one channel of the TDR. By simultaneously observing the diving depths, these data may lead to conclusions about chewing patterns of the seal in water depths where they catch prey. The graph of these data and the mathematical evaluation by Fourier analysis and Plexogramme show a close correlation between diving depth and jaw-activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Cochleomeatal scintigraphy].

High resolution cochleomeatal scanning has proven to be a simple and inexpensive diagnostic method in tumors of the inner auditory canal, resp. of the cerebello- pontineangle . In 112 neurotologic patients (37 with proven acoustic neuromas) there were no false positives or false negatives. Therefore, the use of invasive or expensive tests in suspicion of tumors of the 8th cranial nerve should be restricted to those cases with positive scans. CMS is of special diagnostic value in patients with absent air insufflation of the basal cisternae in gas computerised tomograms and in suspected tumor recurrences. Dynamic studies with determination of the radiopharmacokinetics of radiopharmacology reveal further differential diagnostic aspects.

Cochlear Duct↗
PubMed1983

[Single-dose mezlocillin prophylaxis and postoperative morbidity after vaginal hysterectomy: pharmacokinetic and clinical results].

In this prospective, randomized study we evaluated the prophylactic administration of 5 g Meclocillin in a single dose. 100 patients undergoing vaginal hysterectomies were observed. Clinical parameters as well as Meclocillin concentrations in serum and myometrium were compared. We found a sufficient Meclocillin concentration in serum and myometrium 30 minutes after intravenous administration. In the control group (n = 50) 8 patients had a febrile postoperative course whereas there was 1 patient only in the treated group. A more detailed analysis regarding predisposing risk factors, urinary tract infections and pathogens of the vaginal wound secretions is presented. The single dose administration had no significant effect on the incidence of postoperative urinary tract infections. The preliminary result of our study reveals the single dose treatment to be a remarkable alternative to the three-dose-perioperative regimen. Regarding the general question of prophylactic antibiotic treatment at time of vaginal hysterectomy especially individual factors as well as preoperative risk factors have to be taken into account.

Drug Administration Schedule↗
PubMed1982

[Nuclear medicine demonstration of intraocular tumors using gamma-radiating radionuclides. 1st clinical results].

A non-invasive method of detecting intraocular mass lesions is described which uses 67gallium citrate and 99m-technetium pertechnetate. It was used in 33 cases. In 73.7% of the patients with malignant melanoma of the eye there was a significant increase in the storage of the tracer. There was no difference in the results obtained with 67gallium citrate and 99m-technetium pertechnetate. Small, flat and peripheral tumors may not be detected. In some cases old intraocular hemorrhages may also lead to false-positive results. In contrast to the 32P-test the method described can be used in cases with opaque media. The radiation dose is about one-tenth of that given with the 32P-test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Noncontact detection of intraocular lesions by means of a gamma scintillation camera].

A gamma scintillation camera is used for noncontact detection of intraocular mass lesions. A double aperture pinhole collimator was designed for this special application. The collimator projects a magnified image of the radioactivity present in each eye onto the detector crystal of the camera. Details of the collimator design are described. The image-making properties of a double aperture pinhole collimator for ocular scintigraphy in regard to resolution and response were studied and demonstrated by phantom experiments. So far we have studied 50 cases with this new nuclear medicine procedure, using mainly technetium-pertechnetate as the radioindicator. Case histories and records of some typical results are presented. Better designed radiopharmaceuticals with appropriate tumor-seeking properties should be developed. Labeled melanin precursors are promising for detection of these lesions.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

[Isolated cardiac tumor metastasis of an osteogenic sarcoma in the heart; a case report on diagnosis and control of treatment (author's transl)].

The case of an isolated metastatic tumor of the heart from a primary osteogenic sarcoma as well as its presentation and control under therapy by investigations of nuclear medicine are reported. Both the intravital diagnosis of an isolated metastatic tumor of the heart from an osteogenic sarcoma and the presentation of a heart tumor by bone scanning are not described to this day.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Identification of metastases in the infant skeleton--comparison of methods of roentgenology and scintigraphy (author's transl)].

Conventional x-ray examination and a whole body scintigram were performed within four weeks in 40 children with tumours. The findings obtained by both methods were subjected to a comparative analysis. Pathological findings were revealed in eleven children; in eight of these, the findings were partly confirmed as metastases. Of 39 metastases confirmed by x-ray film, 16 were found to be negative according to scintigraphy. On the other hand, 34 of a total of 60 scintigraphically pathological findings could not be confirmed by x-ray examination six months later. The falsely negative scintigraphic findings were mainly localised in the region of the ribs, the pelvis and the long bones near the epiphysis. Our own case material demonstrated these findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Comparative investigations of osteotropic radiopharmaceuticals. V. Demonstration of abnormal uptake with various scanners (author's transl)].

Experiments with phantoms have shown that there is a higher probability of showing areas of increased uptake when using a camera than with a scanner. In 49 patients with suspected bone metastases, scans were performed during their pre-operative work-up, under identical conditions, using a whole body scintigraphic scanner with a 5-inch double head and a scintillation camera with total body facility. The scintillation camera showed a significantly higher sensitivity to bone metastases, but there was no difference in the pick-up rate of distant metastases. Despite the possibly more frequent use of the camera, its cost is no higher than that of the scanner. Both on diagnostic and economic grounds, we consider the scintillation camera, with a total body facility, to be the instrument of choice for total skeleton scintigraphy.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Postweaning duration and body composition changes in Southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) pups at King George Island.

Weaning mass in southern elephant seals is highly variable, the heaviest pups being three times as heavy as the lightest ones. After weaning, pups undergo an extensive postweaning period in which they draw on their reserves. To quantify the energy expenditure during the postweaning period, changes in mass, body composition, and postweaning duration were measured in southern elephant seals at King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Overall, mean pup weaning mass was 154 +/- 26 kg (n=117) and did not differ between sexes. Mean minimum postweaning duration was 42.5 +/- 7.5 d. Heavier animals at weaning had lower mass-specific mass loss rates than lighter ones, and a faster depletion of body reserves was associated with a shorter postweaning period. The proportion of body mass represented by fat at weaning was 37% +/- 4% (n=47) and did not differ between sexes. Of these pups, 36 were recaptured after a mean period of 36 d after weaning. On average, total mass loss measured in these animals (39 kg) was composed of 39% water, 47% fat, and 12% protein. The composition of mass loss was not significantly different between sexes and was not related to weaning mass or total body energy reserves. However, fatter animals at weaning lost more fat per kilogram lost than thinner ones. Late in the fast, males and females appeared to be in a similar body condition. Nevertheless, the overall proportion of body mass represented by fat at this time was lower than that presented by the same animals at weaning. We estimated that during the postweaning period pups lost, on average, 30% of their mass at weaning. This comprised approximately 35% of the energy and 32% of the fat in the pup's body.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Occupational medicine aspects of cutaneous leishmaniasis].

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis as an Occupational Disease We report 2 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis with special regard to its significance for occupational health. Preventive measures are discussed as well as the difficulties in clarifying the diagnosis and therapeutic possibilities.

Dermatitis, Occupational↗