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Biomedical subjects

H Bostedt

Publications and source records attributed to H Bostedt.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Double ovulation in mares. Clinical, hormone analytical and sonographic studies].

108 mares with a total of 135 oestrous cycles were examined. 30% of the mares showed development of double follicles, found by palpation and ultrasonography. Eight cases of double ovulation, four of them synchronous and four asynchronous, were examined closely. These cases of double ovulation showed different growth and different development of the follicular wall. This occurred at the same time in cases of synchronous double ovulation whereas it differed in case of asynchronous double ovulation. The later ovulating follicle was still growing while the first one had already burst. With both forms of double ovulation an equal concentration of progesterone was detected in peripheral blood. On the day of ovulation the rate of progesterone was low (1 ng/ml blood plasma) and it first started rising from the day +1 on. Double follicles matured slower than single follicles. Mares with synchronous double ovulation showed the typical oestrus behavior. This behavior was less distinct after the first ovulation in mares with asynchronous double ovulation. All four mares with asynchronous and two mares with synchronous double ovulation became pregnant. Twins did not occur. A possible relationship between double ovulation and twin pregnancy is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The selenium content in the blood of newborn sheep and goats--equally contributing to the effect of supplemental oral selenium as a prophylaxis].

The article is based on the analysis of selenium concentration in blood plasma of 9 goats and their kids (n = 17), from two different places, as well as of 12 sheep and their lambs (n = 19) from several flocks. The selenium concentration was measured using ASS. In addition, the activity of CK was determined enzymatically. There was a low plasma selenium level in lambs and goat kids immediately post-natal depending on the selenium state of the mothers. After application of vitamin E and selenium to a group of lambs their selenium levels increased remarkably over 24 hours. Ten days later the average selenium concentration in the plasma of those animals that had been treated was three times as high as that of the control group. It was shown that the absorption of vitamin E and selenium when given orally to newborn lambs is comparable with the absorption after parenteral application, and that a significant increase of the plasma selenium level is attainable by oral application.

Absorption↗
PubMed1992

[Weak viability syndrome in newborn foals. Retrospective studies of the etiological clarification and chance for recovery].

This review of therapeutic results involved 115 foals with delayed viability syndrome (DVS). The foals were up to four days old. It could be shown that prognosis quoad vitam depended very much on the severity of illness, which could be determined primarily by the foals' ability to stand (SA) and secondly by the presence of the suckling reflex (SR). Those foals that were (still) able to stand--while the suckling reflex was/was not present (anymore) (SA+, SR+; SA+, SR-)--had good prospects of recovery regardless of the causal disease. The chances for survival were significantly poorer if the foals were unable to stand--even if the suckling reflex was still present and especially if it was not present (anymore) (SA-, SR+; SA-, SR-). Glucose and IgG levels were measured following hospitalization and proved to be excellent prognostic indicators, no matter what the causal disease. DVS can vary in severity, but symptoms are rather non-specific. Non-infectious causes for DVS were--at a ratio of approximately 3 to 1--significantly more common than primarily infectious causes. The latter--except for diarrhoea--carried a very poor prognosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[GGT activity in the blood serum of newborn foals after the absorption of a non-species specific colostrum preparation].

Eight vital, new-born foals were additionally administered a non-species-specific colostrum-substitute via stomach-tube within the first 18 hours of their life. The substitute had been made of cattle-colostrum. These foals as well as a control-group of eight foals constantly had free access to maternal colostrum. Object of measurement was GGT-activity in the blood-serum. The increase of GGT-activity within the first 24 hours after birth was very low in the control-group (up to 25 U/l), and very high in the tested animals (418 +/- 182 U/l). Obviously there is a direct connection between this rise and the absorption of colostral GGT which, compared to the mare is raised to a higher power in the cow.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The age and stage of estrus in bitches with pyometra. Statistical inquiry and interpretive study of the understanding of variability].

Using anamnestic data, pyometra in the bitch is shown to be particularly a disease of the older bitch in the metestral phase of cycle. Most of the patients are presented during the first four weeks after their last heat. In individual cases the disease may occur in any other stage of the cycle. The occurrence of pyometra in young bitches is discussed. An attempt is undertaken to show the pyometra endometritis complex and glandular cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium to be a similar response to different disturbances of the cycle regulation in dogs.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

[Plasma enzyme activities and acid-base equilibrium in sows in relation to the progress of labor].

Temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate as well as enzymatic activities (CK, CK-MB, AST, LDH), and characteristics of base-acid-balance (pH, BE, pCO2, Lactate) were taken from 52 pigs during the period shortly before and after they gave birth. 16 of them dropped normally, 21 with conservative obstetrics and 15 with obstetrical laparotomy. In pigs with obstetrical laparotomy temperature fell significantly (p less than or equal to 0.01). Concerning heart rate and breathing rate there were no differences between the tested animals. CK-data rose significantly during and after birth. Maximum test data occurred in test-groups with dystocia. At the same time the increase of CK-MB-activities was above average (p less than or equal to 0.001). The other enzymes (AST, LDH) also showed a significant increase of activity in all sows, especially in case of difficult birth (p less than or equal to 0.01 to 0.0001). Lactate-concentration and the test data of base-acid-balance underwent serious changes. During anaesthesia in case of obstetrical laparotomy and during the first hours after the operation pH and BE fell and pCO2 rose. The increase of Lactate-data was above average. While we find metabolic acidosis during normal but difficult births, a respiratory acidosis caused by anaesthesia is found additionally in case of laparotomy.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1990

The importance of selenium in the prenatal and postnatal development of calves and lambs.

Selenium deficiency is responsible for Zenker type muscle degeneration in calves, lambs, and foals in the prenatal and postnatal stages of development. Investigations have shown that the selenium GSH Px, and vitamin E content of the maternal and fetal parts of the placenta in cattle are different. Similarly, low concentrations of selenium are present in milk from cows and sheep. In addition to an inadequate supply of selenium and vitamin E as a contributory cause of fetal nutritive muscular dystrophy (FNMD), it is assumed that a placental transport block and/or impaired selenium metabolism in the placenta are also responsible. Postnatal nutritive muscular dystrophy, however, is attributed to either acute selenium and vitamin E deficiency in basic feed or impaired plant absorption of selenium as a result of antagonistic elements, such as sulphur.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Relationship between the intensity of gynecologic supervision during the postpartum period and fertility results in dairy cow herds].

The efficiency of regular post-partum gynaecological care in the dairy cow can only be correctly evaluated if cows with a normal post-partum period and those with problems during this time are distinguished. From 1,125 dairy cows being fed a high proportion of maize silage it was shown that gynaecological examinations on days 12, 28 and 40 post-partum had a positive effect on herd fertility. Regular checks resulted in significant reductions in the calving to conception interval, the insemination index and in the percentage culled due to fertility problems in comparison to the control animals (n = 451) where veterinary control took place only occasionally. In particular the early detection and treatment of endometritis and ovary function abnormalities contributed to a high conception rate with appropriate calving interval. The administration of GnRH (20 micrograms Buserelin) to cows with problems in the post-partum period and under continuous gynaecological supervision resulted in improvements in only some aspects (uterine involution, ovarian cyst incidence). The conception rates in the treated group and in the intensively controlled group were the same.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The significance of pregnancy-induced ketonuria in sheep and goats].

The last third of pregnancy in sheep and goats is characterized by a considerable reduction in the volume of the rumen. When the animal is carrying more than one fetus there is thus a latent ketosis caused by starvation. A discrete hypoglycemia is in close correlation to this. If other special factors like increasing age of the pregnant animal, chronic liver disease, unbalanced nutrition containing too little carbohydrates are also present, the latent starvation ketosis can give rise to an acute gestation ketosis. The clinical picture is described in detail and contrasted with the gestation hypocalcemia. Furthermore, the parameters relevant to laboratory diagnosis will be discussed.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1990

[The development of iron and copper concentrations in blood plasma of calves in the first days and weeks of life, equally a contribution to the larvaceous neonatal iron deficiency anemia].

Newly born calves (n = 93) were examined to determine the iron and copper values in the blood plasma. The investigation was divided into two sections: 1. Chronic measuring of the parameters of live-born calves until the sixth week (n = 48). 2. Short-time examination of newly born calves with different vitality figures/levels of vitality until the second day of life (n = 45). Iron and copper were determined by means of an inductively-coupled-plasma emissions-spectral analysis (ICP). In the case of a normal birth and vitality criteria calves are born with a plasma concentration of 27.7 +/- 9.6 mumol/l iron and 4.8 +/- 1.7 mumol/l copper. During the first few hours of life the iron concentration drops considerably and significantly (p less than or equal to 0.01) and rises again before the second week. There is a short period of considerable depression in the iron concentration. The copper values, in contrast, increase linearly and significantly (p less than or equal to 0.001) form the birth onwards until the end of the first week, then remaining on a high level. In the dynamic of the iron plasma curve the influence of race/breed is also evident. Calves of the race DFV have a significantly higher iron level than the DSB and DRB race (p less than or equal to 0.01) at the end of the sixth week of life. About a fifth (18.8) of the test animals in the first part of the investigation already had a hidden sideropenia (16.1 +/- 1.9 mumol/l) when they were born. Their iron concentration developed only slowly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical and bacteriologic studies of the frequency of mastitis during and after parturition in heifers lactating for the first time].

The udders of 100 heifers were examined for clinical changes during parturition. Of each quarter colostral samples were taken and analyzed bacteriologically. 35 heifers (13.5% of the quarters) showed clinical changes of the quarters and/or of colostral samples. 14 of these animals (4.75% of the quarters) suffered from cellulitis-like mastitis. 13 (5.25% of the quarters) had acute catarrhalic mastitis and eight heifers (3.5% of the quarters) showed acute galactophoritis. In all milk samples of animals with pathological changes of the udder or of colostrum the causing bacteria could be identified. Besides the group of 35 heifers with clinical lesions udder-pathogenic bacteria were found in samples of 24 apparently healthy animals (20.5% of the quarters) during parturition. However, these animals failed to show clinical signs of inflammation at least until the end of this study (10 days post partum). Isolated bacteria included facultative and obligate pathogenic species, 70% of which were gram-positive cocci (i.e. Streptococcus [Sc.] uberis, Sc. dysgalactiae, Sc. agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus and other staphylococci) versus 30% of gram-negative bacteria (i.e. Escherichia [E.] coli, Klebsiella and other coliform species. In-vitro-susceptibility tests showed best effectiveness of Penicillin against Sc., Cloxacillin against staphylococci and Gentamycin and Polymyxin B against coliform bacteria. Possible pathways, leading to bacterial infection of first lactating heifers during parturition, are discussed. Pathways of infection seem to be of lesser importance for the development of apparent, sometimes severe mastitis with coliform bacteria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[The problems of mastitis in mares].

Based on a group of 33 mares infected with mastitis, data regarding the time of appearance, the clinical symptoms and the bacteriological causes of the disease were evaluated. The cases were distributed as follows: 27.3% before delivery, 24.2% immediately after delivery (until the third day), 12.1% during the middle and late stages of lactation, 9.1% immediately after the weaning of the foal and 27.3% outside the lactation period of non-pregnant mares. The clinical picture is described. In the majority of the cases, both halves of the udder were infected. The analysis of the bacteriological results showed that from 70 isolated germ types no less than 36 were streptococci (in 25 cases beta-haemolytic streptococci). Compared to this, E. coli (3 cases), coliform germs (6 cases) and klebsiella (2 cases) were found rather seldom. The additional examination of milk samples taken from healthy mares during the first seven days after delivery showed that 13 (= 41.9%) of the mares, or 21.0% of the milk samples (n = 62), were bacterially contaminated. Here, too, the streptococci formed the majority of the germs.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Ovarian imbalance in swine].

The need for slaughtering sows is frequently related to fertility problems. These disturbances may be caused by uterine malfunction but for most instances they are the result of aberrations of ovarian function. Ovarian physiology of the sow highly depends upon rather complex events of both endocrinological and neuroendocrinological nature; disturbances of which may lead to either a stop of already started physiological patterns or even to a complete aberration. Atretic follicles, aberration of follicle maturing, ovarian cysts and low ovulation rates are common findings. Especially ovarian cysts have been seen on a high incidence in older sows. Results of recent research programs about the etiology of ovarian cysts are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[The use of a beta 2-mimetic agent (clenbuterol) in equine pregnancy disorders and obstetrics].

A clinical study about the effects of a beta 2-mimetic agent (Clenbuterol) in mares with pregnancy disorders or disorders during the periparturient period (n = 34) is reported. In general, a single dose of 0.3 mg Clenbuterol given i.v. induces sufficient tocolysis. Subsequent doses or follow-up treatment depend upon individual development during dystocia, indication of treatment and clinical preparturient status (dorsoflexio uteri ante partum, abortus imminens, preparturient labor pains).

Animals↗