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Biomedical subjects

H C Agarwal

Publications and source records attributed to H C Agarwal.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Traumatic glaucoma.

In the management of an ocular injury, traumatic glaucoma is often overlooked. Prospectively reviewing 100 consecutive patients of traumatic glaucoma we found a very high correlation of postconcussional glaucoma with traumatic cataracts, angle recession of more than 180 degrees, significant injuries to the iris and a displacement of the lens. Two of these four clinical features were present in all cases. Penetrating injuries were followed by a secondary glaucoma if an adherent leucoma and/or evidence of lenticular damage or displacement were seen. These clinical features all point to a damage to the lens-iris diaphragm. The trabecular meshwork being directly related to these structures would also be involved in such an injury, leading to significant impairment of function, and the eye would therefore be more prone to developing glaucoma. Our study has highlighted certain clinical findings which could act as 'markers' for the early diagnosis of traumatic glaucoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Sturge-Weber syndrome: management of glaucoma with combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy.

We reviewed the records of 16 patients (19 eyes) with Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS). Scleral pigmentation was present in 12 (63.2%) of these eyes; nevus of Ota in two (10.6%). Combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy was performed in 18 eyes. After a mean follow up of 42 months (range, 1 to 8 years), intraocular pressure was controlled (< or = 22 mm Hg) in 11 eyes (61.1%), and visual acuity was better than 6/60 in eight. Intraoperative hyphema occurred in four eyes (22.2%); vitreous loss in three (16.7%). Postoperative choroidal detachment occurred in three eyes (16.7%); vitreous hemorrhage in one (5.6%). In all of the cases of repeat surgery (three eyes), postoperative subconjunctival injections of 5-fluorouracil resulted in a diffuse filtering bleb. We conclude that combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy is a promising treatment for patients with SWS with glaucoma.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Etiologic significance of mosquito (Anopheles stephensi) in respiratory allergy in India.

The etiologic significance of Anopheles stephensi, a common mosquito species in Delhi, in respiratory allergic disorders was investigated. Intradermal (ID) tests with the mosquito whole body extract (WBE) were performed on 247 patients with bronchial asthma and/or rhinitis and 50 healthy nonallergic volunteers. Of these 247 patients, 118 (47.8%) had positive (1+ to 4+) reactions including 72 (29.1%) with markedly positive (2+ to 4+) ID reactions. We did not observe any 2+ to 4+ skin reactions in normal healthy volunteers, giving evidence for the specificity of markedly positive ID response. The skin test positivity was not influenced by various clinical characteristics (age at onset, duration and type of disease, and family history) of patients included in the study. The specificity of positive ID response was further supported by the results of mosquito RAST with the sera of 14 patients. Ten of the 12 sera (83%) from patients with positive ID response to mosquito WBE were RAST positive. Sera from two patients with negative ID reactions were RAST negative. The bronchial provocation tests (BPTs) were uniformly negative in all five healthy volunteers and two patients showing negative ID responses to mosquito WBE, while the three patients showing 2+ to 4+ responses gave positive BPTs. Our results suggest that mosquito-derived particles are important inhalant allergens in the etiology of IgE-mediated respiratory allergic disorders in India.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Shared and specific allergenic and antigenic components in the two sexes of American cockroach--Periplaneta americana.

The whole body extracts (WBEs) of female and male cockroaches (Periplaneta americana; Pa) were prepared separately to study the specific and/or shared allergenic and antigenic components in the two sexes. These two extracts were skin-tested on 170 respiratory allergy patients and 52 (30.6%) of them elicited a markedly positive cutaneous reaction (2+ to 4+) to any one or both the WBEs. Of these 52 patients, 32 (61.5%) produced a 2+ to 4+ response to only one, and the remaining 20 (38.5%) to both the extracts. In female and male RASTs to Pa both the extracts produced dose-related inhibition. Using rabbit anti-Pa female serum: (1) immuno-diffusion experiments resulted in lines of identity with the two extracts, and (2) the two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis of Pa female and Pa male WBEs elicited 12 and nine precipitin peaks, respectively. In partial purification studies, only fraction Pa(F)III (approximately 50 kD) of Pa female WBE and Pa(M)I (greater than or equal to 600 kD) and Pa(M)III (approximately 50 kD) fractions of Pa male WBE revealed significant allergen activity both on skin testing and also in RAST inhibition studies. These results provide evidence for the presence of shared as well as specific allergenic and antigenic components in the two sexes of American cockroach.

Allergens↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of peribulbar anesthesia in eye camps.

Modified peribulbar anesthesia was administered with a 26-gauge, half-inch, insulin needle to 367 eyes of 360 patients in three eye camps in India. The intraocular procedures consisted of cataract extraction in 349 eyes, trabeculectomy in 11 eyes, and combined cataract extraction and trabeculectomy in seven eyes. The overall success rate of the anesthesia technique was 90.2% (supplemental anesthesia was required in 36 eyes). There was good lid and globe akinesia and anesthesia, adequate pupillary dilatation for intracapsular cataract extraction, and excellent hypotony. No significant local or systemic complications were observed, except for mild to moderate chemosis in some eyes, which did not produce any intraoperative or postoperative problems. We found this technique easy to learn, relatively safe, effective, and well tolerated by our patients.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1987

Aspergillus endophthalmitis.

A case is reported of bilateral aspergillus endophthalmitis in an infant without any detectable systemic predisposition or focus of infection. The patient is the youngest recorded case of endogenous aspergillus endophthalmitis so far, with an onset of symptoms at the age of 15 days. After histopathological confirmation of the aetiology by enucleation of the atrophic eye, systemic amphotericin B therapy was instituted with excellent results in the fellow eye. This is the first recorded instance of a complete clinical cure in aspergillus ocular disease on systemic amphotericin B therapy alone.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1987

Assessment of visual evoked response in chronic simple glaucoma.

1. The largest number of VEP abnormalities were found in check size 16 and alterate 1.88 cycles/sec. 2. With check size 32 and alt/sec. 1.88. (a) Delayed latency (BA) was found in 18.2% eyes without field defect (statistically nearly significant). (b) Delayed latency (BA) was found in 38.5% eyes with field defect (statistically significant (P less than 0.05). 3. When the check size 16 and alt. rate 1.88 cycles/sec. delayed VEP latency (BA) was found in 23.1% eyes with glaucomatous field defect (which is statistically significant (P less than 0.05). 4. When the check size is 32 and alt/sec. 7.5 delayed VEP latency (BT) was found in 30.2% eyes with glaucomatous field defect (showing statistically significant mean difference).

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Lactate dehydrogenase levels in aqueous humor and serum in retinoblastoma.

The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were measured in the aqueous humor and serum of 16 patients (20 eyes) with retinoblastoma. The enzyme activity in the aqueous humor and serum did not show any correlation with each other. Age of presentation, age of enucleation, sex and disease duration had no correlation with the enzyme level either in the serum or aqueous humor. The stages of retinoblastoma were classified in Stages I to V: eyes with Stages I to III were included in Group 1, and those with Stages IV and V were in Group 2. The differences in LDH levels in the aqueous humor and in the aqueous to serum LDH ratio were highly significant (P less than 0.001) by Wilcoxon's nonparametric test between Groups 1 and 2. A considerable rise in the aqueous humor LDH level was observed without any alterations in the serum levels in Group 2 as compared to Group 1; hence the aqueous/serum ratio was increased in the former group. The LDH level in the aqueous humor and the aqueous/serum ratio can be a diagnostic tool in retinoblastoma of Stages IV and V. Though the lower aqueous levels of LDH do not rule out the presence of the disease, the higher levels are definitely helpful for diagnosis of retinoblastoma.

Aqueous Humor↗