Biomedical subjects
H C Campbell
Publications and source records attributed to H C Campbell.
Effects of level of nitrogen fertilization of fescue pasture on gastrointestinal parasitism of beef cattle.
Two established tall fescue pastures were used in a 4-year study of the relationship between the level of gastrointestinal parasitism in cattle and the level of nitrogen fertilization of the pasture. One pasture was fertilized with 224 kg of NH4NO3/ha each year and served as the control. A second pasture, referred to as the low-fertilized (LF) pasture, was fertilized with N at 84 kg/ha the first year and 74 kg/ha in each of the next 3 years. Both pastures were stocked with Angus cows (2.5/ha) and their calves. Rectal fecal samples obtained every 6 weeks from 10 cows and as many calves as possible in each pasture were examined for nemotode eggs and coccidia oocysts. Two calves from each group were slaughtered at the end of each of the last 3 years to determine the numbers and species of parasites. Cows had significantly lower egg counts than did the calves. Egg counts did not differ between the two groups of cows, but the control cows had higher average weights than the cows on the LF pasture. Control calves had significantly lower egg counts than the calves on the LF pasture, but only slightly higher mean adjusted 205-day weights. At necropsy, significantly fewer worms were recovered from the controls (17,977) than from the LF-pastured calves (52,332). Cooperia oncophora was the predominant species. The level of coccidia infection did not differ between the two groups of cows and calves. The greater availability of forage in the control than in the LF pasture probably was responsible for the lower level of parasitism in the control calves and for the greater weight gains made by the control cows and calves.
Continuous heparin anticoagulation in patients with arteriosclerosis and arterial emboli.
Management of arterial emboli occurring in patients having generalized arteriosclerosis presents a therapeutic challenge to the vascular surgeon. Adequate cardiac function must be vigorously supported. Perioperative metabolic alterations must be recognized and corrected. Continuous anticoagulation with heparin sodium appears indicated among such patients with coexisting peripheral arterial occlusive disease, stasis, poor collateral flow and areas of intimal damage secondary to operative trauma. Rarity of wound complications, less than 5 per cent, may be attributed to meticulous operative technique and use of continuous infusion method for the administration of heparin. Improved patient survival and limb salvage rates may be attributed, in part, to continuing heparin therapy in the postoperative period and appears justified among those with arteriosclerosis.
The Thompson dowel-rest system modified for chrome-cobalt removable partial denture frameworks.
This article has described the minimum laboratory and mouth procedures needed for fabrication of the Thompson dowel-rest removable partial denture using the modifications of (1) preconstructed dies for the dowel-rests, (2) a chrome-cobalt framework, and (3) a ball clasp retention device.
Aortoenteric fistula following renal revascularization.
Aortoduodenal fistula following renal revascularization is a rare and frequently lethal event. This report records the first known survivor of aortoenteric fistula following renal revascularization alone. Four previously reported cases followed secondary operations such as nephrectomy or autotransplantation necessitated by thrombosis of aortorenal bypass grafts. Synthetic prosthetic material led to the fistula in all instances. Infection occurred in only one. This complication may be prevented by the use of autogenous tissue grafts, monofilament suture, and interposition of viable tissue between anastomosis and gastrointestinal tract. When massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding occurs following aortic-prosthetic vascular procedures and standard studies prove nondiagnostic, prompt celiotomy is recommended.
Incidence and significance of intra-operative bacterial cultures during abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy.
Eighty patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy were studied to identify sources of potential graft sepsis. All but one patient received perioperative antibiotics. Samples obtained from aneurysm contents in 78 and bowel bag fluid in 45 were cultured for organisms. Twelve of 78 (15%) aneurysm cultures and five of 45 (11%) intestinal bag cultures yielded bacterial growth. Sixteen patients had positive cultures from either source and one from both, an overall incidence of 20%. Forty-four patients had asymptomatic aneurysms, 23 had symptomatic aneurysms, and 13 had ruptured aneurysms. A significantly greater frequency of bacterial growth occurred from ruptured than from non-ruptured aneurysms (p less than 0.05). Two patients (2.5%) developed graft sepsis. Comparing survivors followed a minimum of 6 months in the positive and negative culture groups, the late graft sepsis rate was 10% and 2% respectively. Two heretofore not widely recognized sources for late graft sepsis were identified: aneurysmal contents and intestinal bag fluid. Reasons for difference between potential graft sepsis incidence of 20% and actual incidence of 2.5% may include antibiotic therapy, host resistance, or other unidentified variables. Routine culture of aneurysm and intestinal bag contents is recommended. Upon identifying bacterial growth from such sources, organism-specific antibiotics are required.
Effect of beta-adrenergic blockade on hypothermia-induced hypokalemia.
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