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Biomedical subjects

H C Reilly

Publications and source records attributed to H C Reilly.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A comparison of two pancreatin microsphere preparations in cystic fibrosis.

OBJECTIVES: to compare the efficacy and tolerance of Creon and Pancrease in children and young adults with cystic fibrosis. METHODS: a double blind, crossover study of two pH sensitive microsphere preparations of pancreatin (Creon, Pancrease), given in equivalent lipase dosage to 27 children with cystic fibrosis, was conducted. RESULTS: at similar lipase activity no significant difference was found in the following: coefficient of fat absorption (CFA), coefficient of nitrogen absorption (CNA), weight gain, mean adequate daily intake for energy, and subjective symptoms. Three children who had a CFA less than 70% while receiving Pancrease all improved on Creon. No children had a CFA less than 70% while receiving Creon. A significant reduction in the number of capsules required daily to achieve similar control was possible when changing from Pancrease (mean 25/day) to Creon (mean 15/day). Seventy percent of patients preferred Creon and this was likely to be related to a perceived reduction in abdominal pain and stool frequency, and need for less capsules per day. CONCLUSION: Creon and Pancrease are equally effective at doses providing equal lipase activity, however, the reduced number of capsules, fewer symptoms, and possible improvement of more severe steatorrhoea result in an increased patient preference for Creon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Protein constituents of mosquito saliva: studies on Culex molestus.

The protein constituents of saliva, salivary gland extracts, haemolymph and whole body extract from the Culex molestus mosquito were compared by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. When developed by the sensitive silver staining technique, saliva and salivary gland extract were found to contain 15 comparable protein bands. Salivary gland extract contained additional bands, presumed to be structural proteins, and saliva contained some unique protein bands which were not present in the gland extract, possibly originating in the salivary stylet lining. Some differences were found in the protein components of salivary gland extracts prepared from mosquitoes of different ages. Salivary proteins were found to be poorly represented in both haemolymph and whole body extracts. Immunoblotting of salivary gland extract with antibody raised against pure saliva exhibited binding to at least nine protein bands indicating the potential for using salivary gland extracts in place of mosquito saliva for further studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The efficacy of subcutaneous goretex implants in monitoring wound healing response in experimental protein deficiency.

This combined biochemical and histological study demonstrated that subcutaneously implanted Goretex tubing can be used to monitor and detect variations in wound healing potential in rats subjected to experimental hypoproteinaemic and normal refeeding conditions. Induced hypoproteinaemia was observed to be associated with a marked diminution in cellular infiltration, collagen synthesis and fibrous deposition within the implant. All these effects were completely reversed by subsequent refeeding of normal diet. Although regional variations in fibroblastic response attributable to biologic variability, were observed within individual control implants, or between paired controls, they were relatively minor as compared to the marked differences observed at the macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical level between implants removed from normally fed and protein deficient animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Collagen fibril diameters and glycosaminoglycan content of skins--indices of tissue maturity and function.

Samples of anatomically and functionally distinct regions of the skin of a variety of altricial and precocial animals were taken at various stages of development from birth to beyond maturity. The glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content and composition of the tissues were determined by chemical analysis and the collagen fibril diameters measured by transmission electron microscopy. The fibril diameters of the skins of two fish and a bird were also assessed for comparison. Analysis and comparison of the data collected show that there was a significant correlation between collagen fibril diameter distribution, GAG type and amount, and functional load-bearing of the various skins, and that the variations in the biochemical and physical composition of the tissues at different stages of development could be related to both their post-conceptual maturity and their prospective functional loading.

Actin Cytoskeleton↗
PubMed1982

The glycosaminoglycans of Dupuytren's disease.

The total and individual glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content at various stages of the Dupuytren disease process and in samples of normal palmar connective tissue (palmar dermis, palmar fascia and digital flexor tendon) from the hands of uninvolved age-matched controls have been assayed and compared. Morphological comparisons between the different tissues were made by histological examination of sections stained to demonstrate collagen fiber patterns and glycosaminoglycan distribution. Significant differences in the type and amount of GAG were found between the various manifestations of the disease process, i.e., nodules, cellular and fibrous bands, and between these and the normal palmar connective tissues. In the most actively proliferating cellular regions chondroitin sulfate levels were 11 times greater than those of the normal palmar connective tissues, whereas dermatan sulfate tissue levels showed a fourfold increase. On the other hand, tissue concentrations of hyaluronate were similar to those of normal palmar connective tissue. The relationship of these differences in GAG levels to the development and maturation of the normal palmar connective tissues and the Dupuytren's process is discussed.

Dupuytren Contracture↗
PubMed1979

The effect of charged synthetic polymers on proteoglycan synthesis and sequestration in chick embryo fibroblast cultures.

The polycation, poly(L-lysine), repressed the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans in secondary cultures of chick embryo skin fibroblasts and caused sequestration of glycosaminoglycans around the cells. The synthesis of chondroitin sulphate, dermatan sulphate, hyaluronic acid and a fourth component, thought to be heparan sulphate, were all inhibited to the same extent but the sequestration of the sulphated polymers were greater than that of the unsulphated. The sequestered material was retained around and not within the cells. Incubations with the polyanion, poly(L-glutamate), showed a slight stimulation of glycosaminoglycan synthesis and in these and control incubations (no additions to medium), most of the glycosaminoglycan synthesised appeared in the culture medium. The subsequent addition of poly(L-glutamate) to incubations containing poly(L-lysine) reversed the inhibitory and sequestering effect of the polycation. It was concluded that the inhibition of synthesis by poly(L-lysine) was either a direct effect of poly(L-lysine) on the cell membrane or a result of the high local pericellular concentration of sequestered proteoglycan.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The proteoglycan content and the axial periodicity of collagen in tendon.

The glycosaminoglycan content and the axial periodicity of collagen was determined in various regions of the rabbit flexor digitorum profundus tendon. This tendon, which passes from the calf to the toes round the inner side of the ankle, contains a thickened sesamoid-like pad where it is subjected to friction and pressure. Other regions of the tendon are subject only to longitudinal tension. In tensional areas the axial periodicity of collagen was of the order of 62 nm and the tissue contained less than 0.2% proteoglycan on a dry weight basis. In the sesamoid-like region, however, the axial periodicity was a significant 13-15% less, and the proteoglycan constituted about 3.5% of the dry weight. Also, in the tensional areas the predominant glycosaminoglycan was dermatan sulphate, whereas in the sesamoid the predominant glycosaminoglycan was chondroitin sulphate. The possible interrelationships between collagen axial peroidicity and proteoglycan content in this tissue are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

A comparison of the glycosaminoglycans of weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing human dermis.

Twenty-six samples of human skin from three non-weight-bearing and 27 samples from three weight-bearing sites were obtained at autopsy from 11 subjects varying in age from 4 to 91 years. The dermis was idssected free of other tissues and after proteolytic digestion, the glycosaminoglycans were isolated quantitatively by ion-exchange chromatography. Analysis of the preparations showed that there was significantly more glycosaminoglycan in the dermis from weight-bearing sites (p less than 0.001). The major glycosaminoglycans were hyaluronic acid and dermatan sulfate with chondroitin sulfate as a minor component, but the relative proportions of these components were not significantly different in the two sets of samples (p greater than 0.1). It is suggested that the quantity of glycosaminoglycan in the dermis is influenced by the functional requirements of the dermis at that site.

Adolescent↗