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Biomedical subjects

H Carlier

Publications and source records attributed to H Carlier.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Electron microscope autoradiographic study of intestinal absorption of decanoic and octanoic acids in the rat.

Intestinal absorption of [3H]octanoic acid and [3H]decanoic acid was investigated in the rat by electron microscope autoradiography. The common duct (bile and pancreatic common duct) of the rats was diverted and a loop of the duodenum was cannulated 24 h later. The lipid mixture to be investigated was introduced into each experimental loop, and after 15 min or less the loop was removed. One part of each loop was used to determine the distribution of radioactivity in different lipid fractions, and an autoradiographic study was performed on the other part of the loop. Radioactivity distribution studies confirmed that medium chain fatty acids are absorbed in their nonesterified form and established that these fatty acids are absorbed much more rapidly than oleic acid. Autoradiographic studies indicated that the medium chain fatty acids are taken up in a molecular or aggregate molecular form, leave the epithelial cells by way of the lateral plasma membrane, and are next found in the blood capillaries. Our results suggest that the Golgi complex does not play an important role in the absorption of unesterified fatty acids.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Research of an in vitro model to study the expression of fatty acid-binding proteins in the small intestine.

In order to find an in vitro model for studying the regulation of the biosynthesis of the cytoplasmic Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins (FABPc) expressed in the small intestine, Intestinal- and Liver- (I- and L-) FABPc expressions were tested by Northern blotting in 8 normal or cancerous intestinal cell lines from man, mouse and rat and in organ culture of mouse jejunal explants. Neither I- nor L-FABPc mRNA was detected in any cell strains tested except in the highly differentiated human enterocyte-like intestinal cell line Caco-2. In this line, Northern blot analysis revealed a single messenger of about 0.7 kb corresponding to the L-FABPc. A two-fold increase in mRNA L-FABPc occurred in differentiated Caco-2 cells treated for 7 days with 0.05 mM bezafibrate, a peroxisome-proliferating hypolipidemic drug. The lack of I-FABPc messengers in this strain led us to seek another in vitro model. I- and L-FABPc messengers were found using an organ culture of mouse jejunal explants. A clear rise in I- and, especially, L-FABPc mRNA levels occurred 6 and 24 hr after the addition of 0.05 mM bezafibrate in the culture medium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Erucic acid metabolism in rat liver. A combined biochemical and radioautographical study.

Metabolism of erucic acid was studied in rat liver in comparison with oleic acid in relation with diet lipids. Rats were fed for 3 or 60 days a balanced diet containing 30% of the calories of either rapeseed oil rich in erucic acid or sunflower seed oil rich in linoleic acid. They were intravenously injected with tritiated erucic or oleic acid. After 1 or 15 min, the radioactivity recovered in liver lipids was 9 to 26% whatever the diet or the acid injected. One minute after injection of erucic acid a high part of radioactivity was recovered in the free fatty acid fraction and as untransformed erucic acid. After 15 min the major part of radioactivity was recovered in the triacylglycerol fraction which contained a high proportion of labelled oleic acid formed by shortening of erucic acid. The autoradiography did not show any marked difference between the labelling of peroxisomes and mitochondria when tritiated erucic or oleic acid was injected. These data do not bring about arguments for a peroxisomal nor for a mitochondrial location of erucic acid shortening in liver.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm. Review of 62 successive cases.

From 1970 to 1987, 62 patients, suffering from traumatic rupture of the diaphragm, have been treated. In more than 75% of the cases, other severe post-traumatic associated lesions were noticed. In 54 cases these concerned blunt trauma, most of which were due to road accidents. There were 53 lesions of the left hemidiaphragm. Early diagnostics were made 40 times (i.e. within 24 hours after the accident). This is why it is all-important to correctly interpret the simple X-ray of thorax and abdomen, possibly after inserting a nasogastric tube. In general, exploration by laparotomy was preferred. Thoracolaparotomy or sternolaparotomy was only used in cases of thoracic or thoraco-abdominal injuries associated with important lesions at the lungs or the mediastinal organs; or in the case of long-standing ruptures accompanied by herniation of different organs. The total mortality rate was 21%. Death was due to hypovolemia, serious brain injuries or multiple organ failure (MOF) due to sepsis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Early mortality following multiple trauma: a retrospective study].

Early mortality after polytrauma: a retrospective study. The medical charts of all patients, who died in 1986 in the reanimation phase after an accident, were reviewed. Twenty-five patients (86%) were victim of a traffic accident, 2 of an accident at work and 2 of an accident at home. The average ISS of the 29 patients was 40.7. The patients, who received the first aid at the place of accident from an emergency doctor, had an average ISS of 44.2. The patients, who received the first aid from a team without doctor had an average ISS of 33.8. The first aid was given after an average time of 10 minutes. Ten patients were transported during the reanimation phase from the first hospital to our trauma center. Eighteen patients died due to a severe craniocerebral trauma, eight of them were transported secondarily. Six patients died due to hemorrhagic shock, only in two patients an emergency doctor was at the place of accident. Five patients died due to asphyxia after a thoracic trauma. This retrospective study clearly demonstrates that the first aid of a polytraumatized patient must be given at the place of accident by an emergency doctor, that a quick and direct transport to a regional trauma center is desirable, that a more aggressive shock therapy is necessary and that the first aid-team must be able to evacuate a tension-pneumothorax at the preclinical scene.

Adult↗