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Biomedical subjects

H Cesnik

Publications and source records attributed to H Cesnik.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Anticarcinoembryonic antigen immunoscintigraphy with a 99mTc-Fab' fragment (Immu 4) in primary and recurrent colorectal cancer. A prospective study.

Forty-seven patients were submitted to 68 radioimmunoscintigraphic investigations for primary or recurrent colorectal cancer. Immunoscintigraphy with Immu-4 correctly detected 28 primary colorectal cancers of 29 and 12 of 12 recurrent colorectal cancers. Overall accuracy was 93.75 percent in primary and 91.6 percent in recurrent colorectal cancer. Immunoscintigraphy had a decisive influence on treatment planning in every third primary colorectal cancer patient and was by far superior to CT scan in the detection of early recurrences, especially in patients with a history of abdominoperineal or low anterior resection. Immu-4 scintigraphy is a safe and convenient diagnostic approach to colorectal cancer. Because radioactivity is acceptably low and the method is absolutely free of side effects, there are no objections to the repeated use of immunoscintigraphy which provides important information in primary diagnosis as well as in the follow-up of colorectal cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Heparin-induced extracorporeal LDL precipitation (HELP): a new therapeutic intervention in cerebrovascular diseases and peripheral arterial occlusive disease].

Coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral arterial disease are the major causes for death and disability in industrialized countries. These diseases have a common cause: Their development is based on atherosclerotic changes of blood vessels, induced by risk factors such as elevated values of lipoproteins and fibrinogen. There is no doubt that the risk factors mentioned above are even related to a dramatically deterioration of the hemorheologic pattern, thus reducing perfusion. Due to this massage there are attempts to treat ischemia via hemorheological intervention. Although a number of different methods is available--hemodilution, defibrinogenation or oral medication--it was not possible to improve the hemorheologic pattern fast, safe, and efficient to date. A new treatment modality, utilizing the heparin-induced extracorporeal LDL precipitation (HELP), now offers the possibility to obtain therapeutical success not only in cases of severe hypercholesterolemia but even in the field of hemorheology: Using HELP a safe and rapid reduction of lipid fractions and fibrinogen has become feasible, thus providing an acute improvement of red cell aggregation and filterability of blood cells, whole blood and plasma viscosity and thereby of microcirculation. As it is known that cerebrovascular diseases are related to disturbances of the hemorheological situation, the HELP system is used at the Department of Neurology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, for the treatment of acute stroke, cerebral multi-infarct disease but even in cases of peripheral arterial disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Abdominopelvic omentopexy: preparatory procedure for radiotherapy in rectal cancer.

Adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) in adenocarcinoma of the rectum requires the application of between 5,500 and 6,600 cGy, while the small bowel does not tolerate doses beyond 4,200 cGy without developing enteritis, often followed by stenosis, fistulas, or perforation. This has spurred several attempts to form an artificial diaphragm between the abdominal cavity and the true pelvis, but they were all burdened with various sequelae. Thus, we developed a simple technique to retain the small bowel out of the RT target volume. From the greater omentum we form a bag, which houses the intestinal loops. The lower margin of the omentum is attached to the parietal peritoneum of the posterior abdominal wall beyond the promontorium. The lateral edges are sutured to the ascending and descending colon. RT starts immediately after the laparotomy wound has healed. With the help of this abdominopelvic omentopexy, we have performed high-dose RT following tumor resection in 43 patients. RT was free of complications in all of them as far as the small bowel is concerned. Proctitis and/or cystitis occurred in 14 patients.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1991

Anti-carcinoembryonic antigen immunoscintigraphy (technetium-99m-monoclonal antibody BW 431/26) and serum CEA levels in patients with suspected primary and recurrent colorectal carcinoma.

This study comprises a total of 141 patients with suspected primary and recurrent colorectal carcinomas, in whom immunoscintigraphy with 99mTc-Mab BW 431/26 was performed. Whole-body scans were done 5.5 hr and SPECT imaging of the abdominal region was done at 6 and 24 hr postinjection of 1100 MBq 99mTc-labeled Mab (1 mg). In the course of primary tumor identification (n = 65), sensitivity of anti-CEA immunoscintigraphy was 95%, specificity 91%. In the diagnosis of early recurrences (n = 76), immunoscintigraphy was the method of choice to clarify the problem (sensitivity 94%; specificity 86%). Overall sensitivity of immunoscintigraphy in patients with suspected colorectal carcinomas and early recurrences was 95%, specificity 88%. Human anti-mouse antibodies were found in 29% (80% predominantly anti-isotypic, 20% predominantly anti-idiotypic). In contrast to anti-CEA immunoscintigraphy, the results of serum CEA levels were rather disappointing. Only 18 out of the 43 surgically verified primary colorectal carcinomas and 17 out of 32 patients with recurrences showed elevated serum CEA levels. In our clinical experience with this 99mTc-labeled anti-CEA antibody, immunoscintigraphy can play an important role in the identification of early colorectal recurrences and in postoperative colorectal cancer patients it should be performed in cases with unclear transmission computed tomography.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Differentiation of lymph-node metastases by anti-CEA immunoscintigraphy in a patient with follicular thyroid and breast cancer.

Supraclavicular lymph node metastases appeared in a female patient six years after thyroidectomy, radioiodine therapy and external radiation for a follicular thyroid carcinoma and four years after mastectomy and lymphadenectomy for an invasive ductal breast cancer. It was not possible either by conventional imaging methods or by serological methods, to assign the metastases to one of the two primary tumors. Anti-CEA immunoscintigraphy and SPECT of the cervicothoracic region showed a circumscribed pathological uptake of 99mTc-labeled anti-CEA antibodies in the area of the supraclavicular lymph nodes. The preoperative suspicion of lymph-node infiltration by CEA-expressing breast cancer cells was confirmed histologically after surgical removal of the lymph nodes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

[Examination of gallstones on their surface and in fractured cross sections by incident light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (author's transl)].

Operatively removed gallstones were examined on their surfaces and in fractured cross sections by incident light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, micro-bore samples and X-ray crystallography were done. Five gallstone types consisting of three basic structural layers are differentiable by incident light microscopy. The three layers consist of a central nucleus which is always present, a radially structured middle layer, and a fine crystalline outer shell, the presence or absence of the latter two layers differentiating the stone types. Two crystal structures could be differentiated by electron microscopy; a flat and a globular type. The nucleus is always of the globular crystalline type, while the outer layers are flat crystalline. From this we were lead to believe that the conditions in vivo, under which the different layers of a gallstone are built, change. The micro-bore samples lead us to believe that calcium is only secondarily layed down in the gallstone framework. White crystalline deposits, which were formed several seconds after fracture, were discovered on the fractured gallstone cross sections.

Cholelithiasis↗