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Biomedical subjects

H Chmel

Publications and source records attributed to H Chmel.

63 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute arthritis caused by Aeromonas hydrophola: clinical and therapeutic aspects.

Two cases of Aeromonas hydrophila arthritis are reported and a third case present in the literature is reviewed. All three cases occurred in patients with myelogenous leukemia; the knee joint was involved in 2 patients and the metacarpal-phalangeal joint in the third. In the 2 patients presented here, synovial fluid antibiotic levels were measured and were adequate; but A hydrophila was repeatedly cultured from the knee joints, a fact suggesting that other factors, such as normal functioning leukocytes and specific opsonizing antibody against the organism, are also necessary to kill A hydrophila.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The course of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigenemia/human cryptococcal polysaccharide elimination kinetics.

The detection of cryptococcal polysaccharides in the serum is diagnostic of cryptococcosis in the absence of rheumatoid factor. The significance of the continued detection of this antigen in the serum during antifungal therapy is not known. Prolonged antigenemia might indicate ongoing active infection, delayed clearance of the polysaccharides from the blood, or continued release of the polysaccharide antigens from a reservoir of nonviable organisms. In seven cases the cryptococcosis with prolonged and high levels of cryptococcal polysaccharide antigenemia, the courses of antigenemia were determined. During the convalescent phase, the T 1/2's were approximately 48 hours for the antigen clearance in all the cases studied. The polysaccharide antigens recovered from the serum of one patient had molecular weights of greater than 200,000 daltons. In rabbits, a single intravenous injection of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharides showed a similarly slow clearance of the antigen with a T 1/2 of approximately 24 to 48 hours. These data suggest that adequately treated cases of cryptococcosis may have a predictable rate of antigen clearance from the serum during convalescence.

Animals↗
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Thrombocytosis associated with acute osteomyelitis.

Thrombocytosis is rarely observed during infection. We are describing a patient with acute osteomyelitis and bacteremia who developed thrombocytosis. In the patient described the platelet count paralleled the activity of the infection and the response to therapy. The causes of thrombocytosis and its implications are briefly reviewed.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aortotomy site infections: case presentation and review of the literature.

A patient with Aspergillus fumigatus infection involving an aortotomy site with multiple peripheral emboli following implantation of an aortic valve prosthesis for rheumatic heart disease is described. Eleven aortotomy site infections are reviewed from the literature. Eight cases were caused by fungi with Aspergillus sp accounting for four cases. Presenting symptoms were nondiagnostic and multiple. However, the diagnosis of aortotomy site infection should be entertained in patients who have had aortic valve surgery who develop fever and embolic phenomena with or without positive blood cultures coupled with no evidence of valve dysfunction, and who respond inappropriately to antibiotic therapy. Ten of the 11 patients reviewed from the literature died. Therapy should be directed at early recognition followed by prompt early surgery combined with the use of proper antimicrobial agents directed against the isolated microorganism.

Aorta↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral ciprofloxacin treatment of infections in geriatric patients.

The efficacy and safety of oral ciprofloxacin (750 mg every 12 hours) in the treatment of infections was evaluated in 84 geriatric patients. Duration of treatment ranged from three to 42 days (for a mean of 10.45 days). Satisfactory responses (cured or improved) were noted in 33 of 34 cases of urinary tract infections (97%); in 11 of 13 cases of lower respiratory tract infections (85%); in four of nine cases of skin and skin structure infections (44%); and in both cases of bone infection and bacteremia. Bacteriological cure rates were 91% of 33 urinary tract infections; 83% of 12 lower respiratory tract infections; 62% of eight skin and skin structure infections; and in both cases of bone infection and bacteremia. Three patients evaluable for clinical purposes were bacteriologically unevaluable. Overall clinical efficacy and bacteriological cure rates were 86% and 85%, respectively. Of the 78 evaluable pathogens isolated, 70 (90%) were eradicated. Adverse reactions occurred in 24 patients (29%) and included candida colonization in eight, gastrointestinal upset in six, dermatologic symptoms in five, and vaginal candidiasis, chest pain, renal failure, tremors, monocytosis, thrombocytosis, and increased serum theophylline level in one patient each. Ciprofloxacin appears to be a safe and effective treatment for infections in geriatric patients. Advantages of the oral form include cost effectiveness and decreased length of hospitalization.

Aged↗