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Biomedical subjects

H Cook

Publications and source records attributed to H Cook.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Self-instructional emergency medicine program for medical students.

A self-instructional program in emergency medicine has been developed for freshmen medical students at the University of Virginia School of Medicine. The cognitive objective of the course is to give the student the minimum level of knowledge to diagnose emergency medical conditions. Performance of the appropriate practical treatment is the course's psychomotor objective. Evaluation of the student's grasp of the program's cognitive and psychomotor objectives is accomplished by the written and practical examination for certification of emergency medical technicians and practical tests in basic life-support. Self-instructional guides, algorithms, videotapes and reading materials are the educational resources for the course. As a result of successful completion of the training program, the student is certified as an emergency medical technician in the Commonwealth of Virginia.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed1976

Accurate amniotic fluid bilirubin analysis from the "bloody tap". A preliminary report.

The quantitation of bilirubin in amniotic fluid is of paramount importance in prognosticating the severity of Rh isoimmunization. Amniotic fluid contaminated by maternal blood can result in erroneous results when direct spectrophotemetric analysis is performed on such fluid. The technique and results of a one-step chloroform extraction performed on "bloody" amniotic fluid is presented. Results confirm that chloroform extraction yields more accurate clinical information in regard to Rh isoimmunized patients in whom a "bloody tap" is obtained.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1976

Oxalate (Halogeton) poisoning of sheep: certain physiopathologic changes.

Certain clinical changes associated with acute oxalate (halogeton) poisoning were determined in sheep given (by stomach tube into the rumen) a lethal dose of Halogeton glomeratus. Plasma concentrations of calcium and calcium ion activity decreased over several hours to such low levels that tetany or coma occurred and death followed. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of calcium did not reflect the degree of hypocalcemia. In 2 pregnant sheep administered halogeton, the plasma concentration of calcium in the fetus did not decrease despite the appearance of severe maternal hypocalcemia. Increases in plasma total inorganic phosphate and magnesium concentrations occurred as the hypocalcemia progressed. Hyperglycemia was often marked as hypocalcemia became severe; however, as hyperglycemia increased, plasma immunoreactive insulin concentrations remained inappropriately low in relation to the plasma concentration of glucose. Intravenous infusion of a calcium solution at this time was associated with marked increase in immunoreactive insulin concentration and a decrease in glucose concentration. Ruminal activity, as measured by frequency and amplitude of contractions of the rumen, was greatly reduced as hypocalcemia progressed. Seemingly, body temperature became lowered as severity of the hypocalcemia progressed. Seemingly, body temperature became lowered as severity of the hypocalcemia increased, as determined by intramuscularly or intraperitoneally implanted temperature telemetry devices. However, the occurrence of tetany and the fleece covering could either modify or reverse this decrease in body temperature.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phenotypic variation in the production of bioactive hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor by oral mucosal and skin fibroblasts.

Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) is a pleiotropic growth factor produced principally by cells of mesenchymal origin. HGF/SF is an important mitogen, morphogen, and motogen and plays an important role in wound healing, tumorigenesis and particularly fetal development. Oral mucosal fibroblasts exhibit a fetal phenotype, including an increased extracellular matrix reorganizational ability, cellular migration and experimental wound repopulation in comparison to skin fibroblasts. In this study the expression, production, and bioactivity of HGF/SF by oral mucosal and skin fibroblasts was investigated. Although both oral mucosal and skin fibroblasts expressed HGF/SF, the oral mucosal fibroblasts produced significantly increased amounts of total HGF/SF (p < 0.01) as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and bioactive HGF/SF as measured by cell scatter and cell-dissociation techniques (p < 0.01). The possible effect of increased HGF/SF in production mediating the previously described preferential responses of oral mucosal fibroblasts was studied in vitro. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-Western blotting and immunocytochemistry methods all showed that both oral mucosal and skin fibroblasts expressed and produced the c-Met receptor. Recombinant HGF (20-40 ng/mL) however, failed to affect fibroblast repopulation of monolayer wounds or cellular proliferation. In contrast, recombinant HGF significantly increased ECV304 wound repopulation. These studies provide direct evidence of another mechanism by which site-specific variations in fibroblast phenotype may contribute in a paracrine fashion to the rapid reepithelialization and revascularization of oral wounds.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Postoperative nausea and vomiting. 1: Physiology and aetiology.

There is a vast amount of research available relating to postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). This research has been analyzed and summarized in a series of two articles which draw out the main factors influencing the incidence and affecting the treatment of the condition. This, the first article, will describe the physiological processes that result in PONV. An analysis will then follow of the many factors that contribute to the complex multifactorial aetiology of PONV. These factors include personal, preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative variables which affect differing neurotransmitter centres in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) which is situated in the brainstem. These variables will then be related to the appropriate neurotransmitter centre allowing a greater understanding of the most likely physiological pathways involved in specific cases of PONV. The second article will explore the management and treatment of PONV.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Postoperative nausea and vomiting. 2: Management and treatment.

The management and nursing care of patients experiencing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are discussed, together with the various types of pharmacological and complementary approaches to treatment. These treatments are examined in relation to the causes of PONV and a scientific approach to the use of antiemetics which links causation and treatment is suggested. It is argued that by adopting this approach PONV could be minimized, drug bills reduced, patient choice encouraged and postoperative recovery enhanced.

Acupuncture Points↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary health care for people with learning disabilities.

Health screening and education for people with learning disabilities is often given low priority by service providers, but the input of community nurses can make a great difference. Helen Cook charts the success of two teams.

Community Health Nursing↗