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Biomedical subjects

H Cortina

Publications and source records attributed to H Cortina.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effectiveness of pneumatic reduction of ileocolic intussusception in children.

A total of 158 consecutive therapeutic air enemas were performed upon 133 patients during a 2-year period. Perforation and/or an impairment of the general condition of the children were the only main contraindications for the reduction attempt (five patients). Successful reductions were achieved in 89% of cases with no complications. Operation was performed in all 17 cases of unsuccessful reduction: resection in four cases, easy manual reduction in nine, difficult manual reduction in two, and spontaneous reduction in two. There were 16 (12%) patients with one or more recurrent episodes. In 23 (16%) cases, following pneumatic reduction, a swollen ileocecal valve showing a multiple appearance was observed. This fact sometimes results in a differential diagnosis with incomplete reduction; in all these cases, small bowel aeration was always a sign of complete reduction. No significant difference was noted between a swollen ileocecal valve and patient age, duration of symptoms, presence of small bowel obstruction, and further recurrences. Air enema has improved our previous success obtained with hydrostatic reduction (79%), as well as being a simpler, cleaner, and faster technique for intussusception reduction in children.

Air↗
PubMed1992

Neuroimaging in tuberous sclerosis: a clinicoradiological evaluation in pediatric patients.

CT, MRI and neurological features of 27 children with tuberous sclerosis were prospectively compared. Imaging studies were positive in 92.5% of cases. CT was more useful in detecting subependymal nodules, while MRI showed the number and location of cerebral cortical and subcortical lesions more accurately. Cortical lesions in the cerebellar hemispheres were present in 26% of patients. Gadolinium-DTPA used in 10 patients showed slight enhancement of the subependymal lesions in 80% of cases, probably representing active lesions with alteration of the blood-brain barrier. None of the cortical and subcortical lesions enhanced. Giant-cell astrocytomas were detected in 5 patients, the postcontrast CT and MRI studies improving their assessment. Unlike subependymal nodules, all tumors showed marked enhancement regardless of their size. Seizures were present in 96% of patients, mostly beginning before 1 year of age. There was no clear relationship between the radiological features and the neurological evolution of these patients. Therefore, it is not possible to establish a clinical prognosis based on the radiological findings. MRI is the procedure of choice in the diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis. When pre and postcontrast MRI are negative, CT is used to exclude small calcified subependymal nodules. MRI follow-up is required only when tumoral development is clinically suspected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Diagnosis of Sturge-Weber syndrome: comparison of the efficacy of CT and MR imaging in 14 cases.

Sturge-Weber syndrome is a neurocutaneous syndrome that includes facial and leptomeningeal angiomas. Imaging findings include cerebral lobar atrophy, brain calcifications, choroid plexus enlargement, cranial diploë prominence, and venous abnormalities. We compared the efficacy of CT and MR imaging in making the diagnosis in 14 consecutive patients. CT, with and without contrast enhancement, was performed in all patients, and 11 of the 14 had MR imaging (eight before and after administration of IV gadopentetate dimeglumine). MR imaging was better than CT in showing the extent and degree of brain parenchymal atrophy, the presumed ischemic changes affecting the gray and white matter, and the cranial diploetic prominence on the affected side. MR imaging after contrast administration permitted a better evaluation of the extent and patency of the leptomeningeal angiomatous malformation and the parenchymal venous anomalies. CT was better than MR imaging in showing the presence and extent of cortical calcifications. Enhanced CT and MR imaging were equal in evaluating the prominence of the ipsilateral choroid plexus. Our experience indicates that contrast-enhanced MR imaging is the method of choice in the diagnosis of Sturge-Weber syndrome. Unenhanced CT should be used only if MR findings are normal, to exclude the presence of intracranial calcifications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Humero-spinal dysostosis.

A 2 year old boy with humero-spinal dysostosis is described. This is the third case of this disease reported in the literature. Humero-spinal dysostosis is characterised radiologically by distal humeral bifurcation, elbow subluxation and coronal cleft vertebrae. Congenital, progressive heart disease, possibly with fatal outcome, is probably part of the syndrome.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1979

The non-ossified pubis.

A group of syndromes is presented whose common characteristic is the absence of pubic ossification at birth with very slow posterior mineralization. This is a radiological finding of interest as it has not been described in other entities. In all the cases shown, moreover, a variable degree of delay in bone age is observed. The increase of space between the pubic bones described in these syndromes is fictious, as it really signifies the existence of non-ossified cartilage. Therefore, they must be differentiated from those which deal with real widening of the symphysis of pubis.

Age Determination by Skeleton↗
PubMed1979

The wide spectrum of the asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia.

Seven cases of A. T. D. are presented. Radiological findings were extraordinarily diverse. The prognosis of the disease is difficult for each individual case, because of the frequent pulmonary complications and cystic renal lesions are not always directly related to the severity of the bone changes. The authors believe that the term "thoracic-pelvic-phalangeal dysplasia" proposed by Langer, is the most adequate, since it points to the key factors in the diagnosis of the disease.

Asphyxia↗
PubMed1977

Indications for pneumoperitoneum in the diagnosis of congenital anomalies in the umbilical region.

Thirty pneumoperitoneograms were performed postmortem and 5 were performed for diagnosis: the technique itself, the radiological anatomy of the umbilical region, and the usefulness of the procedure in diagnosis are discussed. Pneumoperitoneum may be indicated in the investigation of a bleeding Meckel's diverticulum, in the exclusion or confirmation of remnants of the omphalomesenteric duct, in chronically moist lesions of the umbilicus resistant to symptomatic treatment, in suspected cases of non-communicating urachal cysts which cannot be diagnosed by cystogram, and in the differential diagnosis of abdominal tumours related to the umbilical region.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

The Weissenbacter-Zweymuller syndrome. A case report with review of the world literatue.

This report describes a patient with a form of chondrodysplasia characterised by a rhizomelic shorteining of the limbs, metaphyseal widening, vertebral coronal clefts and retrognathia. This syndrome was first described by Weissenbacher and Zweymuller in 1964. All the relevant literature available has been reviewed and it has been concluded there are mild and severe forms of this syndrome.

Bone Diseases, Developmental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Radiological diagnosis of primitive hepatic tumors in infants (author's transl)].

Six primitive hepatic tumours (two benign and four malignant) collected over a period of seven years, are studied. The symptoms were mild or absent in many of the cases, and all were discovered after investigation of hepatomegaly or abdominal mass. The importance of the co-ordinated use of radiological and gammagraphical findings is pointed out.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Some additional facts about thymus (author's transl)].

Three cases are presented of eventual diagnostic errors concerning the thymus. In the first case right aberrating lobe appeared radiologically as a tumour of posterior mediastinum. In the second case, the large thymic malleability, enabled it to invade medium mediastinum and to show an extraordinary variability in shape when in decubitus. Finally, a post surgical hematomata, in a patient affected by a cyanogen cardiopathy actually showed some problems of radiological diagnosis with the characteristic thymus regeneration.

Diagnostic Errors↗