PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Cotta

Publications and source records attributed to H Cotta.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Malunited juvenile fractures in the knee joint region].

There is a tendency for malunion to occur in fractures of the knee region in children because the growth plates are often affected. Leg length discrepancies are reported in more than 50% of the children and axis deviations in 20-40%. The prognostic significance of epiphyseal lesions is described (not always accurately) by the classifications of Salter and Harris or Aitken. Treatment is mostly directed at leg-length discrepancies and axis deviations by resection of callus formations, epiphysiodeses and osteotomies. A complete bone growth history is necessary to plan the operative procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Instability of the wrist joint--diagnosis and therapy].

Wrist-joint instability can be caused by injuries to ligaments or bones, it can be intermittent or permanent. Clinical symptoms and pain sensations are non-characteristic. The X-ray findings are the clue to the diagnosis. In this article recommendations are given for exact X-ray positions of the hand and their evaluation. The classification of instability is corresponding to the X-ray findings. Further investigations like radiographs under stress, dynamic investigations or the arthrography of the wrist-joint can be helpful to find out the exact pathologic changes. They are variable and are ranging from dysharmonic movement to a complete destruction of the carpal bones. Treatment is according to the pathologic changes and their causes. Fresh ligamentous injuries (e.g. additional injuries to a Colles' fracture or a perilunate luxation) should not be discarded lightly. Most cases we saw presented very late, the patients showed already osteoarthritic changes of the carpal bones with destruction of the cartilage. The late results of ligamentous reconstructions have not fulfilled their expectations, the current trend is towards a partial arthrodesis of the carpal joints in order to reconstruct the joint stability under preservation of partial mobility. This method of treatment has certain disadvantages: Pathologic wrist-joint movements, impingement syndromes and undue stress reactions within the neighbouring joints. Recommendations for the different indications are given.

Arthrodesis↗
PubMed1989

[Subcutaneous muscle and tendon ruptures].

Reasons for subcutaneous ruptures of muscles and tendons are discussed from biomechanical and kinesiological points of view Experimental findings and clinical diagnostic procedures applied in muscle and tendon rupture are discussed. It is concluded that the aim of repair in the case of either muscle or tendon must be the reconstruction of their physiological length in order to avoid loss of muscle strength, which would increase the frequency of muscle and tendon injuries and cause a decline in sports performance. Therefore, surgical repair of complete muscle and tendon rupture has to be regarded as the therapy of choice especially in young patients and those engaged in competitive sport. It must be taken into account, however, that both surgical and non-surgical repair lead to the same weight-bearing capacity. Therefore, functional, non-surgical treatment must be preferred in the case of partial muscle and/or tendon rupture and in older patients.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1989

[Structure and function of the "neosynovial membrane." Light and transmission electron microscopy studies of regenerated synovial membranes following surgical synovectomy].

Regenerating synovium from seven patients was examined by light- and transmission electron microscopy. Superficial layers of the "neosynovium" are composed of histocytes, fibroblasts and intermedium cells, developing out of undifferentiated mesenchymal perivascular connective tissue cells. There is no closed cell-layer, as known from mesothelia, endothelia and epithelia. Our results are similar to those of normal synovium and the so-called "pseudo-synovium" of pseudarthroses. So superficial layers of these tissues are comparable specialized connective tissues. According to experimental results in animals, in patients there will develop a "neosynovium" comparable to the original synovium in structure and function. These results confirm synovectomy as a possible operative treatment in patients.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1988

[The femoro-patellar joint and cartilage damage of the knee joint].

This article surveys the update knowledge of diagnosis and treatment of damage to the cartilage with particular reference to the femoropatellar joint. Complementary to this the biomechanical fundamentals and special anatomic features are explained, the knowledge of which is imperative for an understanding of the complex linkups and interconnections.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1979

[Physiology and pathology of the epiphyseal cartilage (author's transl)].

Knowledge of the physiology of the epiphyseal cartilage, respectively epiphyseal plate, is essential for an understanding of defective growth and abnormal modeling of the long bones. The epiphyseal cartilage develops from the embryonal, cartilaginous long bone structure. The histology of the epiphyseal cartilage is characterised by definable zones representing the individual differentiation steps from the reformation of cartilage to chondrolysis. Modeling of the ends of the long bones is also influenced by a transversal and longitudinal direction of growth in the epiphyseal cartilage. The intercellular substance mainly contains collagin, proteoglycanes and non-collagenic proteins. These macromolecules are compounded by means of physicochemical bonds and are responsible for the special mechanical qualities of the hyaline cartilage. The process of mineralisation at the base of the epiphyseal cartilage is an essential differentiating step for the ossification processes which take place in the metaphysis. Two pathogenetic principles at the epiphyseal cartilage appear to be important for the defective growth of the long bones. On the one hand, the flowing equilibrium between the differentiation steps of cartilage reformation, transformation of the hyaline cartilage into a mineralised cartilaginous tissue and chondrolysis is changed, whereas on the other hand the turnover of these differentiation steps is retarded or accelerated.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Acute traumatic cartilage damage. Experimental studies and their practical consequences].

Emphasis is placed on the etiology of posttraumatic cartilage damage based on recent experimental findings. The latter suggest that postinjury cartilage impairment cannot only be regarded as a consequence of incongruity of the joint surfaces after intraarticular fractures but that immobilization, primary lesions of the joint surface caused by synovial enzymes, and hemorrhagic effusion are also pathogenetically significant. Furthermore posttraumatic synovitis with its faulty composition of the synovial fluid plays an equally important role in this context. Finally, in summarizing therapeutic recommendations are presented.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

[Late complications after cross-plate arthrodesis of the hip (author's transl)].

Cross-plate arthrodesis produces a problem of incongruence which cannot be solved by surgical skill Mechanical factors, not foreseeable before operation, produce an inevitable divergence of pulling and torsion forces with a high risk of losening of the implant and pseudarthrosis, particularly when the acetabulum is degenerated. The mechanical forces are shown in Fig. 6. The review of our cases shows that healing after cross-plate arthrodesis may follow three pathways.

Arthrodesis↗