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Biomedical subjects

H D Pearse

Publications and source records attributed to H D Pearse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Treatment of obliterated membranous and bulbous urethras by direct vision internal urethrotomy.

Acute placement of a suprapubic bladder tube followed months later by open urethroplasty has been the traditional manner for managing traumatic disruption of the proximal urethra. The latter procedure has generally been performed via the transpubic or perineal approach. These procedures have been complicated by excessive blood loss, impotence, incontinence, strictures, and extended hospitalizations. Since 1979, 12 patients with obliterated urethras (ten membranous, two bulbous) have been treated by direct vision urethrotomy using a second cystoscope or sound passed through the previously placed suprapubic tract as a guide. Mean blood loss, hospital stay, and followup were 70 ml, 6 days, and 22 months, respectively. Six patients required at least one additional internal urethrotomy. With the exception of one patient who still requires intermittent self-catheterization, all have stable strictures. Ten are continent (one was incontinent secondary to previous radical prostatectomy before urethrotomy and one became incontinent after a TURP performed 3 years after urethrotomy). Five are potent and none lost potency as a result of urethrotomy. Flow rates range from 15-25 ml/second in the continent patients. This is a reasonable first procedure for restoring continuity of traumatically obliterated membranous and bulbous urethras.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Intraoperative consultation for the ureter.

Being called to the operating room to repair a surgically damaged ureter is an opportunity and challenge that requires on-the-spot decisions based on our training and experience and can result in restoring urinary tract continuity and avoiding secondary operations. A variety of functional reparative techniques are available; however, after consideration of each case in the context in which it arises, the best solution can usually be selected.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Percutaneous vaso-occlusion for nonmalignant renal lesions.

Transarterial renal embolization has been used in the management of renal cancer. We report on 9 patients who underwent selective and superselective renal arterial embolization for nonmalignant renal lesions. Embolization was done in 5 patients for hemorrhage owing to renal angiomas, renal artery, pseudoaneurysm, percutaneous renal biopsy and adult polycystic kidney disease, and in 2 patients with end stage renal disease because of massive proteinuria. Another chronic renal failure patient with severe hypertension was treated successfully with bilateral renal embolization. A postoperative renal arteriovenous fistula was treated successfully by catheter vaso-occlusion. Renal embolization may be a suitable alternative to surgery in poor operative risk patients and for technically difficult benign lesions. Renal infection is a contraindication to embolization.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Adjuvant chemotherapy with vinblastine and bleomycin in stage B nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis.

Between 1974 and 1980, 48 lymph node dissections were done for nonseminomatous tumors. Of 23 patients with pathologic stage A disease 1 (4 per cent) suffered recurrence but is free of disease after chemotherapy and pulmonary resection. All 23 patients (100 per cent) are free of disease. Adjuvant chemotherapy with high dose vinblastine and constant infusion of bleomycin was given in 25 patients with stage stage B disease and none had maintenance chemotherapy. Of these 25 patients 2 (8 per cent) had evidence of recurrent disease after adjuvant chemotherapy and both are free of disease after further chemotherapy, which included cis-platinum. One patient died after a second primary embryonal carcinoma developed in the remaining testis 3 years after the initial tumor. Twenty-four of the 25 patients with stage B tumor (96 per cent) are free of disease 15 months to greater than 7 years after therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Uroepithelial carcinoma in association with cyclophosphamide ingestion.

The association of daily oral cyclophosphamide with the development of transitional cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder had been documented. We report the first 2 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and an additional 4 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder following cyclophosphamide ingestion. Patients who have been taking daily oral cyclophosphamide for a prolonged period should have excretory urography, cystoscopy and bladder mucosal biopsies performed as part of a cancer surveillance protocol.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Transureteroureterostomy: 25-year experience with 100 patients.

During the last 25 years 100 patients have been subjected to transureteroureterostomy. In 2 cases postoperative death was attributable to other pathologic processes. We treated 94 donor units successfully in this manner. An additional 2 units, normal for several years after transureteroureterostomy, had periureteral fibrosis and stricture owing to the inferior mesenteric artery syndrome and required another definitive surgical procedure. Ninety-seven recipient kidneys remained normal after the procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Renal oncocytoma.

Renal oncocytoma is a rare tumor of probable proximal tubular origin characterized by uniform cells with abundant, granular, brightly eosinophilic cytoplasm containing numerous mitochondria. The tumor is benign clinically and can be distinguished from renal cell carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Specific binding of prolactin by the prostate gland of the rat and man.

Specific binding sites for 125iodine-prolactin are present in membrane particles obtained from the rat ventral prostate, human benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic adenocarcinoma. In the ventral prostate glands of young rats (1 to 4 months old) specific binding of 125iodine-prolactin is higher than in older animals (greater than 8 months old). Subcellular distribution studies revealed that specific 125iodine-prolactin binding activity is associated primarily with the 15,000 and 100,000 g particulate membrane fractions of the rat ventral prostate and human prostate glands. In rats between 2 and 4 months old significant increases in the prolactin binding activity in the 100,000 g membrane fraction of the ventral prostate are observed to occur without concomitant increases in prolactin binding activity in the 15,000 g fraction. The level of specific 125iodine-prolactin binding activity present in the human prostate gland is lower than that observed in the rat ventral prostate gland. Localization of specific prolactin binding sites in the rat ventral psotate and the human prostate gland suggests that prolactin could influence the function of these tissues directly.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Radical prostatectomy for carcinoma: 30-year experience and 15-year survivals.

Three strata of medical care are shown in this series of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for carcinoma: (1) Medical School Hospital patients had an average age 4 years greater than patients in the other 2 groups and the lowest 15-year survival rate of 15 per cent. 2) The Veterans Hospital patients had an average age 4 years younger than patients in the Medical School Hospital group but there was little opportunity for preventive care by early diagnosis and they had a 15-year survival rate of 26 per cent. 3) The Emanuel series of private patients had good preventive private medical care, allowing for earlier diagnosis in a patient population without other serious medical problems, and a 15-year survival rate of 61 per cent. The 15-year survival figures for other modalities of therapy, including various types of radiation, chemotherapy and immunotherapy, are necessary for meaningful evaluation of efficacy.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Ultrasound findings of renal angiomyolipoma.

Angiomyolipoma (AML) IS A BENIGN RENAL NEOPLASM. Preoperative diagnosis is important because of the different surgical approaches to benign and malignant tumors. Angiographic findings of AML and renal carcinoma may be similar and differentiation difficult. B-mode ultraslund examination of AML demonstrates a different image pattern which may be helpfou in differentiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

We reviewed 52 consecutive patients who had undergone radical cystectomy for bladder cancer prior to 1962 and have been followed for 15 to 23 years. The over-all survival rates at 5, 10 and 15 years were 38, 27 and 17%. Pathologic staging was the most important prognostic factor in the series.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Recurrent urothelial tumors following surgery for transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract.

A retrospective analysis of 74 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter treated at this institution over the past 30 years is presented. When nephrectomy alone or incomplete nephroureterectomy was performed, subsequent transitional cell carcinoma developed in 30% of the ureteral stumps. Subsequent bladder carcinoma occurred in 25% of the patients with primary upper urinary tract carcinoma. The type of initial surgery performed did not appear to influence this incidence of subsequent bladder tumors. Contralateral upper urinary tract carcinoma developed in only one patient. When nephroureterectomy is performed for carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter, a cuff of bladder that includes the ureteral orifice should be removed to obviate recurrent disease in the ureteral stump. Since single-incision nephroureterectomy did not include the intramural ureter in 50% of the cases in which it was performed, a second incision may be required for adequate exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The ureteral stump after nephroureterectomy.

Herein we review 70 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. When complete nephroureterectomy was not performed transitional cell carcinoma developed in 30 per cent of the remaining ureteral stumps. Single incision nephroureterectomy did not include the intramural ureter in 50 per cent of the cases in which it was performed. When nephroureterectomy is selected as treatment for carcinoma of the renal pelvis or ureter a cuff of bladder, which includes the ureteral orifice, should be removed. A second incision may be required for adequate exposure.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗