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Biomedical subjects

H D Tandon

Publications and source records attributed to H D Tandon.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Is solitary rectal ulcer a manifestation of a systemic disease?

In a prospective study of 22 patients with solitary rectal ulcer, we tried to define the features of this condition, especially the associated systemic features, that may give some clues to its etiopathogenesis. In 15 of these patients a single rectal ulcer was found, whereas in seven patients two ulcers were present in each. Of the total 29 ulcers in these patients, 19 were located on the anterior or anterolateral wall of the rectum and 10 were on the posterior or posterolateral wall. The sigmoidoscopic appearance of the ulcer was quite characteristic, yet a biopsy was considered essential to rule out other pathologic processes. Histological features of the solitary rectal ulcer comprised fibrous obliteration of the lamina propria with disorientation of the muscularis mucosa and extension of muscle fibers into the lamina propria. Evident rectal prolapse was present in only three patients. Recurrent oral ulcerations occurred in four (18.2%) patients and erythema nodosum in one of them (4.5%). Sacroiliitis was present in six of 19 (31%) patients studied radiologically, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 occurred in four of the 20 patients (20%) tested for HLA class I antigens. All the four HLA-B27-positive patients had associated sacroiliitis and showed good response to sulfasalazine. These associations raise the possibility that solitary rectal ulcers may be a part of a systemic disease or of several diseases with varied etiology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Acute renal failure following scorpion sting.

Fifteen cases of acute renal failure follwoing scorpion sting were studied. The onset of disease was characterized by the occurrence of hemoglobinuria within 24 h of the sting. Most of the patients developed oliguria, edema, hemolytic anemia, and hemolytic jaundice. Renal failure developed within a few days after the sting, and in five patients was severe enough to need dialysis. The onset of diuresis in oliguric patients occurred between 6 and 21 days following the sting. Renal biopsies were possible in four cases and showed mesangial proliferation, variable degrees of tubular changes, and mild interstitial infiltration. The pathogenesis of acute renal failure in these patients is discussed

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1978

Epidemic of toxic hepatitis in India of possible mycotoxic origin.

An epidemic of liver disease, characterized by onset with high fever, rapidly progressive jaundice, and ascites occurred in a rural area of India. Several hundred people were affected and mortality was high. The epidemic was heralded by the appearance of similar features in the village dogs. Liver biopsy specimens from eight cases and autopsy material from one human case and two dogs were studied. Characteristic features were centrizonal scarring, hepatic venous occlusion, ductular proliferation and cholestasis, focal syncytial giant-cell tr-nsformation of hepatocytes, and pericellular fibrosis. Toxic quantities of aflatoxin B1 were found in samples of corn, the staple food grain of the people, that was obtained from the domestic food stores. The etiology of the disease could not be unequivocally established, but aflatoxins, perhaps in combination with other factors, may have been the cause.

Aflatoxins↗
PubMed1978

An epidemic of veno-occlusive disease of the liver in Afghanistan. Pathologic features.

A large outbreak of veno-occlusive disease occurred in Afghanistan in which approximately 7,800 in a population of 35,000 subjects were estimated to have been affected. It was caused by consumption of wheat flour heavily contaminated with seeds of a plant of the heliotropium species. These were found to contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids, chiefly heliotrine. Fourteen percutaneous liver biopsies, representing different stages of diseases and liver tissue from eight autopsies were studied. Morphological changes in the liver were characteristic. Centrilobular hemorrhagic necrosis was followed by occlusive changes in the hepatic veins, finally resulting in nonportal cirrhosis. The sequence of changes observed suggests primary parenchymal injury and possibly obstructive lesions at the sinusoidal level. Collagenization of the sinusoids and reorganization of the lobular reticulin begin early in disease. Occlusive changes in the efferent veins apparently follow.

Afghanistan↗
PubMed1977

Pathology of chronic rheumatic heart disease with particular reference to tricuspid value involvement.

This study is based on a retrospective analysis of 144 autopsied cases of rheumatic heart disease. Majority of cases (79%) were chronic and 21% were acute in nature. The mortality was high and was maximum below the age of 30 years. The males predominated over females. A high incidence of organic tricuspid valve involvement was observed (45.8%). Tricuspid stenosis was observed in 3 cases. Latter was associated with aortic and mitral valve involvement. Mitral stenosis was severe in all the three cases. Criteria, both gross and microscopic for the involvement of the tricuspid valve have been described. Involvement of mitral valve either singly or in combination with the other valves, emerged to be the commonest. Changes observed in the lungs in these cases have been dealth with briefly. Pulmonary vascular changes were usually severe, particularly in the juvenile age group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Study of an epidemic of jaundice, presumably due to toxic hepatitis, in Northwest India.

An epidemic of jaundice probably due to toxic hepatitis occurred in three adjoining districts of Northwest India during the period November and December, 1974. The dogs of the villages were affected first, then the human beings. Detailed clinical features, appropriate laboratory tests, and liver biopsies were studied. A retrospective epidemiological survey was carried out. The disease had a subacute onset starting with high fever, followed by rapidly progressive jaundice. Ascites appeared simultaneously and soon became quite massive. Hepatomegaly was recorded when ascites decreased. Liver function tests suggested cholestatic jaundice. The mortality rate in the hospital was 10%. Clinical features in dogs were similar, but mortality was almost 100%. Liver histology was characterized by (1) edema and collagenization of the central veins, never with thrombosis, (2) cholangiolar proliferation, (3) moderate to severe ballooning of the hepatocytes, (4) perisinusoidal fibrosis, (5) cholestasis, and finally, (6) cirrhosis with reverse lobulation. Etiology of this epidemic of hepatitis could not be unequivocally established. Critical analysis of the data suggests that some food toxin may have been a factor in the outbreak of this unusual epidemic of toxic hepatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

An epidemic of veno-occlusive disease of liver in central India.

An outbreak of veno-occlusive disease which was probably caused by consumption of cereals mixed with seeds of a plant (Crotalaria sp.) containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids occurred in the Sarguja district of India in November-December 1975. 42% of the 67 recorded cases died.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Study of an epidemic of venoocclusive disease in India.

Twenty-five cases of rapidly developing ascites occurring in an epidemic form were observed in a tribal district in Central India during August 1972-May 1973. Eleven of the patients died. Six patients were brought to hospital and studied for periods of two to 17 months. Necropsy was performed on one patient who died. The clinical features suggested an outflow tract obstruction such as a Budd-Chiari-like syndrome or venoocclusive disease. Radiographic and haemodynamic studies demonstrated a combination of post and perisinusoidal blocks. Liver dysfunction was indicated by the presence of a marked bromsulphthalein retention and mild to moderate hypoalbuminaemia. Histological examination of the liver biopsies showed changes that ranged from centrizonal haemorrhagic necrosis to an extensive centrilobular fibrosis associated with central vein occlusion. The disease was apparently caused by a food toxin, and the possible nature of this is discussed.

Adolescent↗