Biomedical subjects

H Doornenbal

Publications and source records attributed to H Doornenbal.

13 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1988

Reference values of blood parameters in beef cattle of different ages and stages of lactation.

Reference (normal) values for 12 blood serum components were determined for 48 Shorthorn cows (2-10 years old) and their 48 calves, 357 crossbred cows (12-14 years old), 36 feedlot bulls and 36 feedlot steers. In addition, hemoglobin, hematocrit, triiodothyronine, thyroxine and cortisol levels were determined for the crossbred cows, and feedlot bulls and steers. Reference values were tabulated according to sex, age and stage of lactation. Serum concentrations of urea, total protein and bilirubin, and serum activity of aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase increased with age (P less than 0.05), while calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase decreased with age (P less than 0.05) from birth to the age of ten years. The Shorthorn cows had the highest levels of glucose at parturition (P less than 0.05) with decreasing levels during lactation. Creatinine concentration decreased during lactation and increased during postweaning. Both lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase levels increased (P less than 0.05) during lactation. Urea and uric acid were present at higher concentrations in lactating than nonlactating cows (P less than 0.05). The values reported, based on a wide age range and large number of cattle, could serve as clinical guides and a basis for further research.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗

PubMed1987

Blood and serum components and organ weights in steers, bulls and zeranol-implanted bulls.

To investigate certain physiological aspects of the mode of action of zeranol or Ralgro on growth, behavior and carcass quality of young bulls, concentrations of 19 blood components and weights of eight organs were determined. Experimental animals consisted of 36 untreated steers, 36 untreated bulls, 36 bulls implanted with zeranol at 3 mo of age and subsequently at 5, 8 and 10 mo and 36 bulls implanted with zeranol at 6 mo of age and subsequently at 9 and 11 mo. In addition, half of the animals in each group were subjected to moderate pre-slaughter stress (mixing and trucking 160 km); the other half was subjected to minimum pre-slaughter stress (no mixing and 4 km transport). Concentrations of cortisol, urea nitrogen and albumin in serum were higher (P less than .01) and those of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (AP) and creatinine were lower (P less than .05) in steers than in intact males. Concentrations of GOT, LDH, and creatinine were higher (P less than .05) in implanted than those in control males. Pre-slaughter stress had a significant effect on several traits measured in blood or serum. Thyroid glands were smaller (P less than .01) in steers than in control and implanted males. Testes were smaller (P less than .01) in the zeranol-implanted than in untreated males. Results indicate that zeranol had only a minor effect on the 19 blood components studied, but it did reduce testicle size. Castration had a major impact on several of the blood components. Pre-slaughter management had a significant effect on several blood components.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

Relationships among serum characteristics and performance and carcass traits in growing pigs.

Twelve blood serum components were determined on 78 barrows and 66 gilts, serially slaughtered at six age groups, starting at 69 d, at 2-wk intervals. One-half of the animals were fed ad libitum and one-half were fed "time restricted". Partial correlations between production and carcass traits and serum components were calculated from the residuals of the least-squares analysis. Calcium, serum protein and albumin were highly (P less than .01) correlated with several production and carcass traits. Creatinine was positively correlated (P less than .05) with backfat, loin fat, and percent dissected muscle and bone. Alkaline phosphatase showed a positive relationship with average daily gain (P less than .05) and percent dissected bone (P less than .01). A stepwise regression analysis was used to examine simultaneously the relative predictive value of the blood serum components. The nitrogenous compounds, which included albumin, total protein, urea and creatinine, were the most important predictors of performance (avg daily gain, feed conversion) and carcass composition. However, most of the serum components were not related to the performance and carcass composition traits.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

Growth, development and chemical composition of the pig. IV. Relative growth of visceral organs.

The relative growth of the kidneys, spleen, liver, heart, lungs and G.I. tract were studied in a group of 90 pigs, serially slaughtered over a live weight range of 10 to 132 kilograms. The relationships between organ weights and body weight, body protein and body fat were examined by the allometric equation: Y = aXb, or in logarithmic terms: log Y = log a + b log X. The growth coefficients (b) of organ weights relative to body weight and body composition were similar for both sexes (P greater than .13), except that heart growth relative to body fat was significantly (P less than .04) higher for females (b = .54) than for castrated males (b = .50). A significant sex difference (P less than .05) in lung weight was also noted after adjustment to common body weight; there were no significant sex differences in organ weights after adjusting to common body protein and body fat. The spleen, heart and lungs grew at a faster rate relative to body weight and body composition than the kidneys, liver and digestive tract. The growth coefficients ranged from .44 to .87, indicating that the visceral organs develop at a slower rate relative to body weight and body composition.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1977

Physiological and endrocine parameters in beef cattle: breed, sex and year differences.

Plasma corticoids, potassium and sodium, thyroid activity and hemoglobin and hematocrit values were determined at slaughter over a period of four years in 1612 animals representing the following sire groups: Short-horn, Charolais, Simmental, Limousin, Red Angus, Beefmaster, Brown Swiss, Chianina and Jersey. Differences among years and among breeds of sire were significant for all the parameters studied. Hematocrit values were the highest in females and the lowest for entire males, while hemoglobin levels were the lowest in females and the highest for bulls. Plasma corticoid levels were lower for entire males as compared to steers and heifers. Plasma sodium and potassium levels were the highest for females and the lowest entire males. The values reported in this study for several blood components, based on a large number of animals, could serve as clinical guides and as a basis for further research.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Growth, development and chemical composition of the pig. III. Bone, ash and moisture.

Growth and development of bone and the ash and moisture contents in the body of the growing pig were studied in a group of 90 animals, representing 12 weight groups and a live weight range of 10-132 kg. The average daily increase in body moisture was more rapid in the 10-34 kg animals than in subsequent weight groups. Beyond 34 kg the increase in moisture was more gradual and linear. The average daily gain of ash was almost linear over the weight range of 10 to 90 kg, but showed a decline from 90 to 132 kg. Length and width of the femur showed a similar growth pattern. From cross-sectional areas it appears that bone tissue develops somewhat faster in the shoulder and back than in the ham and loin. It is apparent from comparisons with growth curves reported in the literature that the animals used in the present study were much later maturing than those reported on during the thirties and forties. This could be the result of continued selection for leaner animals.

Animals↗

PubMed1974

Endocrine gland and brain weights of market weight bulls and steers representing the shorthorn breed and several breed crosses.

Thyroid, adrenal, pituitary and brain weights were first determined in 1971 in 492 market weight cattle representing purebred Shorthorns and crosses of "foreign" breeds, Charolais, Simmental and Limousin with Hereford, Angus and Shorthorn. Thyroid weights were also determined in a similar group of 433 cattle the following year. The data were reported on a per 100 kg body weight basis and analyzed within the subgroups of breed of sire, breed of dam and location. The average thyroid weight per 100 kg of body weight for males within subgroups over the two years ranged from 3.99 to 8.71 g, while that for steers ranged from 3.81 to 4.41 g. The average thyroid weight for a group of 18 Limousin sired heifers was 3.71 g. The average adrenal weight per 100 kg of slaughter weight ranged from 3.66 to 4.20 g in the males and from 3.66 to 3.86 g in the steers. Pituitary weight per 100 kg body weight at slaughter ranged from 486-511 mg in bulls and from 469-510 mg in steers. Average brain weight ranged from 85.5 to 97.3 g in males and from 92.2 to 94.1 g in steers.Breed differences existed only for the pituitary gland, with Simmental sired males and steers having heavier glands than Charolais sired males and steers. Sex differences were significant for the thyroid and the brain. Thyroids of males were generally heavier than those of steers, while brains of steers were heavier than those from males.Thyroid, adrenal and brain weights were significantly different between two genetically similar purebred herds of Shorthorns.

Adrenal Glands↗

PubMed1972