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Biomedical subjects

H Dosik

Publications and source records attributed to H Dosik.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Photosensitivity, abnormal porphyrin profile, and sideroblastic anemia.

Cutaneous photosensitivity in a 43-year-old man with idiopathic sideroblastic anemia associated with an abnormal porphyrin profile is reported. This condition was associated with elevated free erythrocyte porphyrin, plasma protoporphyrin, urine porphyrins (predominantly coproporphyrin), stool porphyrins (predominantly protoporphyrin), decreased ferrochelatase activity, and deletion of portions of the long arms of chromosomes 18 and 20. Five other patients with sideroblastic anemia and abnormal porphyrin profiles have been described; all but one of these patients had photosensitivity. The porphyrin profile of this patient is similar to that of three other previously described patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Case report: adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma associated with recurrent strongyloides hyperinfection.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) was demonstrated postmortem in a 47-year-old woman initially manifesting severe hypercalcemia and a vertebral compression fracture. Hyperinfection with Strongyloides stercoralis preceded the appearance of ATLL by several months and ultimately dominated the terminal course. Although HTLV-I and S. stercoralis commonly infect the same host, only three other cases of concomitant ATLL and hyperinfection have been reported in English. The apparent rarity of this association suggests that immunologic sequelae of ATLL do not predispose to dissemination and multiplication of Strongyloides. Observations pertinent to this conclusion are reviewed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Transfusion and alloimmunization in sickle cell disease. The Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease.

In 1,814 patients with sickle cell disease who had been transfused, the overall rate of alloimmunization to erythrocyte antigens was 18.6%. The rate of alloimmunization in this group appears to be an explicit function of the number of transfusions received because it increases exponentially with increasing numbers of transfusions. Alloimmunization usually occurred with less than 15 transfusions, although the rate of alloimmunization continued to increase when more transfusions were given. The rate of alloimmunization was less in patients with hemoglobin SC disease and sickle-beta+ thalassemia because these patients had received fewer transfusions. Children less than 10 years old had a slightly lower rate of alloimmunization than patients in other age groups even after correction for the number of transfusions given. Women were more frequently alloimmunized than men; this was largely due to the fact that women received more transfusions than men, but in the age group 16 to 20 years the increase may have been due in part to alloimmunization owing to pregnancy. Forty-five percent of those alloimmunized made antibodies of only one specificity; 17% made four or more antibodies reacting with different antigens. Antibodies to the C and E antigens of the Rh group, the Kell antigen, and the Lewis antigens were most commonly made. These findings may be important in formulating a rational transfusion policy in sickle cell disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Immunodetection of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I core protein in biological samples by using a monoclonal antibody immunoassay.

A monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassay (EIA) has been developed for detection of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) core protein. The monoclonal antibody (clone 6.11) specifically recognizes the p19 gag gene-encoded protein of the virus. The EIA was over 100 times more sensitive than reverse transcriptase measurement and was capable of responding to less than 500 pg of whole-virus lysate. The assay exhibited type specificity in that HTLV-II antigens failed to produce a positive signal. In addition, a panel of other viruses demonstrated no antigenic cross-reactivity. These included herpesviruses, measles virus, human immunodeficiency viruses, and others. Viral p19 was followed during the course of density gradient ultracentrifugation in the presence of detergent, where it was noted to associate with viral membrane proteins. In comparison, reverse transcriptase activity localized in fractions of higher density containing envelope-free cores. Of clinical interest, the EIA was used to detect HTLV-I antigen in the viral cultures of patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathies and from symptom-free individuals with proviral integration.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Endoscopic leukemic polyposis.

Gastrointestinal involvement in leukemia and lymphoma is common and may present with varying clinical manifestations (1). We report a case of gastrointestinal bleeding with endoscopic findings of diffuse leukemic polyposis and the response to radiotherapy, with a brief review of the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Acute pancreatitis in sickle cell crisis.

A case of acute pancreatitis, complicated by pseudocyst formation, is described in a patient with sickle cell crisis. The differential diagnosis is discussed and the literature reviewed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related complex. A report of two cases.

Immune thrombocytopenia has been reported with increased incidence in high-risk persons such as intravenous drug addicts and homosexual men who have serologic evidence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, generally regarded as a rare disorder, has also been seen in association with exposure to HIV. Two patients had classical symptoms and laboratory findings of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related complex. Both patients belong to high-risk groups. They were treated with conventional therapy for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and followed for 3 months. Their response to treatment was no different from that of other groups of patients with this syndrome. This article alerts physicians to the possible association of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, AIDS, and AIDS-related complex.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1988

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in Brooklyn.

Fifteen patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) were identified in less than a two-year period in the Crown Heights-Bedford Stuyvesant section of Brooklyn, NY. All patients were black; nine patients originated from the Caribbean islands and six from the southern United States. Two of the patients were father and daughter, the first evidence of familial occurrence in the United States. Their clinical course was similar to that of previously described patients with this disorder. To our knowledge, these 15 patients represent the largest series of ATLL reported in the United States. We recommend that ATLL be seriously considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, mycosis fungoides, lymphatic leukemia, or hypercalcemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The first report of familial adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma in the United States.

Two patients, a daughter and her father, developed the acute type of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) within a 3-month period. Antibodies against HTLV-I have been found in both wives of the father. The second wife acquired the infection from her husband within 3 years of marriage. The patients described represent the first cases of familial ATLL in the United States. ATLL continues to be frequently misdiagnosed in the United States. A positive family history consistent with this disease in a patient with a lymphoid malignancy may be a helpful clue for earlier diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Chromosomal abnormalities in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). A report of six cases with review of the literature.

Chromosomal studies were performed on six patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). Structural abnormalities of chromosome 3 were the most common. In one case a complete loss of the short arm of chromosome 10 (10 p-) was noted while in another case a balanced translocation involving chromosome 10p and 4q was found. These abnormalities have not been previously reported. After reviewing the literature, it was concluded that chromosomes 3, 6, 10, 13, 14, and X were most frequently involved in abnormalities. Specific and consistent chromosomal abnormalities were noted in each study. Therefore, it is hypothesised that the mutation rate for this virus may be higher than first expected. Furthermore, the relative consistency of heterogeneous findings in different localities may reflect a geographic clustering of specific chromosomal abnormalities which may in turn be related to specific and geographically associated viral mutations. To support these suggestions not only are more cytogenetic data required but a molecular evaluation of these patients must be carried out to establish a relationship, if any, between genetic abnormalities and the epidemiology of ATL.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Length polymorphisms of the human Y chromosome in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia.

The extent of length heteromorphisms of the human Y chromosomes was measured in 50 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and was compared with 50 normal controls. No significant difference (p greater than 0.05) in the size of the Y chromosome was noted between these two groups. These findings differ from an earlier investigation, where a longer heterochromatic segment of Y chromosome was noted in malignant tumors and it was stressed that constitutive heterochromatin plays a role in susceptibility of cancer. Present investigation, however, suggests that this is not the case in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Heterochromatin↗
PubMed1986

Long survival in Philadelphia-chromosome-positive acute leukemia.

A case of Philadelphia (Ph)-chromosome-positive acute leukemia (AL) is presented who went into remission with disappearance of the Ph1 chromosome and later on developed the chronic phase of chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) with reappearance of the Ph1 chromosome. The patient is alive 6+ years following the diagnosis. The entity of Ph1-positive AL is discussed. It is suggested that the patients with Ph1-positive AL who develop CGL have a better prognosis than previously described.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

A possible cause of non-disjunction of additional chromosome 21 in Down syndrome.

A possible cause of non-disjunction of chromosome 21 in Down Syndromes has been cytogenetically evaluated by examining the parents by Ag-staining technique. In all the cases studied so far, the contributing parents have active ribosomal cistrons on both chromosomes 21 i.e. both chromosomes are stained positively by silver staining. These results show that the active NORs might play an essential role in meiotic non-disjunction. Furthermore, the preliminary results demonstrate that the acrocentric associations of homologous and non-homologous nature involving chromosome 21 are the most frequent in the contributing parent which may further indicate the role of multiple cellular factors affecting the associations in promoting the nondisjunction in addition to active NORs. The possible mechanisms regarding the non-disjunction of chromosome 21 have been described.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Role of heterochromatin during preferential 9q;22q translocation in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

The secondary constriction region (h) of human chromosome 9 was evaluated in 55 chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients with respect to its size and position. Each case was examined by C-banding and distamycin A-4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole techniques for the expression of the h regions. When one h region of chromosome 9 was larger, it was more frequently involved in the reciprocal translocation with chromosome 22. In addition, there was a higher incidence of pericentric inversions in the h regions in the translocated chromosome 9 when compared with normal homologues. The role of the constitutive heterochromatin of chromosome 9 as a possible influencing factor during 9q;22q translocation in CML is suggested.

Chromosome Banding↗
PubMed1979

Partial trisomy of chromosome 3 (3q12 leads to qter) owing to 3q/18p translocation. A trisomy 3q syndrome.

In four previously reported patients with partial 3q trisomy, only a small portion of 3q was trisomic (3q21 leads to qter or 3q25 leads to qter). Clinical features in these cases have included the following: low-set ears, mongoloid slant of eyes, hypertelorism, cleft palate, webbed neck, simian creases, short finger, clinodactyly, hypotonia, and low-set hairline. Cytogenetic studies of a premature, 1,680-g female infant with with these clinical features showed this extra material to be part of the long arm of chromosome 3 (3q12 leads qter), which resulted in partial trisomy for this segment, ie, 46,XX,-18, +t (3;18) (q12;p11). Although a larger portion of 3q was involved in this case, the clinical picture was similar to other cases of 3q duplication with or without 3p deletion.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

Anthramycin-induced sister-chromatid exchange and caffeine potentiation in the chromosomes of Indian muntjac.

Cell-cycle kinetics, sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) and chromosome aberrations have been studied from the skin fibroblasts of the Indian muntjac after treatment with 100 micrograms/ml of caffeine and 0.05 microgram/ml of anthramycin. The cultures were incubated for a period which was sufficient for the completion of two consecutive cell cycles and both the drugs appeared to produce a slight inhibitory effect. When anthramycin-treated cells were however post-treated with caffeine, the cells did not proceed beyond one cycle and exhibited a mitotic block. The SCE frequency in the control and the experiments with caffeine and anthramycin was 8.63, 18.32 and 34.88 per cell respectively. The SCEs were randomly distributed amongst all chromosomes unlike a non-random distribution within the X chromosomes. Caffeine and anthramycin produced only 0.5% and 3.1 cells with chromosome aberrations respectively. Potentiation of chromosome aberrations was observed when the anthramycin-treated cells were post-treated with caffeine. Caffeine potentiation presumably results from an inhibition of the cells to cycle and a failure to repair the effect of the mutagen on DNA.

Animals↗