PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Durbin

Publications and source records attributed to H Durbin.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Monoclonal antibodies specific for platelet glycoproteins react with human monocytes.

Three monoclonal antibodies, P256 , P140, and P112 , react with the 135,000 mol wt IIb component of the glycoprotein IIb/IIa complex. They also react with a 200,000-mol wt protein present at low levels in the complex. Using immunofluorescence techniques, monoclonal antibodies P140 and P112 , but not P256 , can be shown to bind to 80% of human monocytes. However, P256 was able to immunoprecipitate the IIb/IIIa complex from detergent-solubilized monocytes, suggesting that the P256 epitope is less accessible on monocytes than on platelets. The monoclonal antibodies also precipitated molecules of approximately 200,000 mol wt from the monocytes. Two other monoclonal antibodies, J15 (specific for the IIb/IIIa complex) and AN51 (which reacts with the second major platelet glycoprotein complex, I), also react with monocytes. Binding of the monoclonal antibodies to the histiocytic cell line, U937, and promyelocytic cell line, HL-60, reflected the pattern of reaction with monocytes. The presence on monocytes of these glycoproteins, instrumental to the role of platelets in clotting, raises the possibility that monocytes might have similar functions in particular circumstances.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Radioimmunodiagnosis of ovarian cancer using 123I-labelled, tumor-associated monoclonal antibodies.

Monoclonal antibodies to epithelial cells, antigenic determinants labelled with I123 and I125, were administered to 10 immunodeficient mice bearing subcutaneous xenografts of human ovarian cancer. Radio scans of the body taken with a gamma camera at various time intervals demonstrated the presence of the cancer in all the mice. The smallest detectable tumor was approximately 1 mm in diameter. In a subsequent clinical study using 123I-labelled monoclonal antibodies in 10 patients with ovarian cancer, tumor detection was achieved in 8 patients, with tumor uptake of labelled antibody ranging between 0.2-2.6%. As a complementary method to existing forms of diagnosis, the targeting of monoclonal antibodies to ovarian cancer cells in vivo raises the hope of achieving early diagnosis in otherwise undetectable ovarian cancer, and provides encouragement to the concept of selective therapy in oncology.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Targeting of iodine-123-labelled tumour-associated monoclonal antibodies to ovarian, breast, and gastrointestinal tumours.

Two tumour-associated monoclonal antibodies, HMFG1 and HMFG2, were labelled with iodine-123 and used to detect primary and metastatic ovarian, breast, and gastrointestinal neoplasms by external body scintigraphy in twenty patients with advanced disease. Tumours became visible 3 min to 18 h after injection of labelled antibody. The presence of antibody in the tumours was confirmed by autoradiography and immunoperoxidase staining of surgically removed tissues. The mean tumour uptake of radiolabel was 0.6% of the injected amount. These antibodies can therefore localise specifically to tumours and successful imaging can thus be achieved. This method can complement existing diagnostic techniques and also provide a basis for a selective therapeutic approach to malignant disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

A possible mammary stem cell line.

The cell line Rama 25 is derived from a mammary tumor induced in a rat by dimethylbenzanthracene. During rapid proliferation, Rama 25 cells appear as a single undifferentiated epithelial type; at high cell densities, however, small numbers of two other cell types are formed, which respectively resemble secretory and myoepithelial cells of the mammary gland, as judged by light and electron microscopy and immunofluorescent staining for casein (milk proteins). These additional cell types cannot be explained as contaminating cell populations since the cell line has been cloned several times; furthermore, the proportion of either can be increased by dimethylsulphoxide under different conditions. Specific epithelial features are seen by histological and ultrastructural examination of tumors formed by Rama 25 cells in immunodeficient mice. A line of the myoepithelial-like cells, Rama 29, isolated from a Rama 25 culture by cloning, is also described. We propose that the undifferentiated cell type is a form of mammary stem cell which can differentiate in culture.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1977

Mitogenic activity of pituitary hormones on cell cultures of normal and carcinogen-induced tumor epithelium from rat mammary glands.

Cell suspension containing normal or tumor epithelium were readily obtained by enzymatically digesting rat mammary glands from perphenazine-treated (prolactin-hypersecreting) cycling, female virgin animals or hormone- responsive mammary tumors from animal treated with dimethylbenzanthracene. Cell suspensions were fractioned into predominantly epithelial and predominantly stromal cells by their differential rates of attachment to culture dishes. Both normal mammary and tumor epithelial cells were characterized by the presence of specific cell-junctional complexes, desmosome-like structures, surface microvilli, and their ability to synthesize casein. Serum-dependent protease activity was greater in cultures derived from tumors, and cells from such cultures grew in agarose whereas those from the non-neoplastic gland did not. The addition of prolactin to the culture medium stimulated DNA synthesis in primary or secondary epithelial cultures from tumors, whereas additional insulin and hydrocortisone with prolactin were required for similar levels of DNA synthesis in cultures from non-neoplastic glands. The fraction of cells synthesizing DNA was, however, smaller than that with 10 percent serum measured in the same time period. Both growth hormone and epidermal growth factor stimulated DNA synthesis but to a lesser extent than did prolactin. Prolactin with hydrocortisone and insulin were relatively inactive in promoting DNA synthesis of the nonepithelial cells whereas pituitary fibroblast growth factor was more active. These mitogenic effects were obtained when the hormones were added to the medium at near physiological concentrations, and paralleled the known activities of the hormones in control of mammary gland growth and development in the rat.

Animals↗