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Biomedical subjects

H E King

Publications and source records attributed to H E King.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Impurity mediated nucleation in hexadecane-in-water emulsions.

We report detailed nucleation studies on the liquid-to-solid transition of hexadecane using nearly monodisperse hexadecane-in-water emulsions. A careful consideration of the kinetics of isothermal and nonisothermal freezing shows deviations from predictions of classical nucleation theory, if one assumes that the emulsion droplet population is homogeneous. Similar deviations have been observed previously (3). As an explanation, we propose an argument based on the dynamic generation of droplet heterogeneity mediated by mobile impurities. This proposal is in good agreement with existing data.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

Hypertension: cognitive and behavioral considerations.

This article reviews literature concerning functional changes resulting from elevated blood pressure, from reduction of blood pressure, and as a result of the medications used to treat high blood pressure. The research reviewed includes the areas of psychomotor speed, intelligence and cognitive processing, sensory and perceptual processes, and emotional and interpersonal behaviors. The conclusions reached are that the deficits noted to date in hypertensive individuals are not extreme nor are they specific. The greatest disadvantage, however, appears in the area of response speed.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1989

Behavioural consequences of hypertension: effects of age and type of antihypertensive agent.

In order to investigate the effects on behaviour of hypertension, age, and the types of antihypertensive agents, we have conducted a retrospective analysis in 100 hypertensive patients receiving chronic treatment in our Hypertension Clinic. A group of 80 normotensive subjects, matched for age, were included in the study. Half of the hypertensive patients were under the age of 50 (young group) and half were over the age of 50 yrs (old group). The antihypertensive agents had not been administered according to any specific protocol, but represented the choice of the individual clinicians treating the patients in the clinic. All patients had received treatment for at least one year, and usually for two years. The behavioural tests performed were designed to measure sensory-perceptive ability, cognitive ability and psychomotor function and were those employed and described in our previous studies. The results achieved were varied, but indicated that older age was associated with an impairment in performance as was blood pressure. Test performances in the young hypertensives were similar to those achieved by older normotensives. These results were more prominent in cognitive and psychomotor functions than in the sensory-perceptive tests. The antihypertensive drugs used also affected these results; the worst behavioural performances tended to be in patients receiving the central nervous system agonists (methyl-dopa and clonidine) and better performances in patients receiving beta-blockers alone when compared with the other groups. Surprisingly, patients receiving diuretics showed poorer performance levels, but these were better in patients who received a beta-blocker in combination with their diuretic.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aging↗
PubMed1986

Test-taking behaviors by hypertensive and normotensive individuals.

Systematic ratings were made on the Tulane Test-Behavior Scale of the global and integrated behaviors observable for hypertensive and normotensive subjects as they worked to complete a battery of neuropsychological tests--the degree of attention and effort displayed, for example, self-confidence and self-criticism. The results for 82 subjects (41 subject pairs matched for age, race, and education) revealed substantial and consistent differences between groups. Early, mild hypertensive subjects (unmedicated) displayed significantly less optimal behaviors than did normotensive controls. These may be best understood as subtle functional consequences of the abnormal physiological state imposed on the brain by a chronically elevated blood pressure, just as the functional disruptions of reduced kidney filtration fraction or minor abnormalities of the electrocardiogram appear early in the course of the disorder for other target organs. Certain testable implications of this hypothesis are discussed.

Arousal↗
PubMed1986

Group therapy with sexually abused adolescent girls.

Clinical guidelines are presented for conducting group therapy with sexually abused adolescent girls, based on a literature review and the authors' clinical experience. Common treatment themes, pragmatic issues related to setting up a group treatment program, and group process issues are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

An objection to Owens' article on incest victims.

The use of Rorschach data for research purposes is growing and careful attention to accuracy needs to be maintained. A comment on a recent article's use of the lack of reflection responses to indicate poor self-esteem for incest victims is offered.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Incidental serial reaction time: normal and schizophrenic response to the onset and cessation of auditory signals.

This study tested the hypothesis that incidental serial reaction time (ISRT) latencies would be slower and more variable for schizophrenic than for normal Ss. It was predicted that the response of both groups to a manipulated stimulus dynamism would be proportionate, however,despite a difference in level of performance characterizing each sample. S responded to a series of 1000 Hz audiometric tones, signaling tone onset by pressure on a hand-switch, and offset by release. Thirty Ss without history of psychiatric disorder (16M, 14F) and 30 chronic schizophrenic patients (15M, 15F) were examined. All patients were drug-free and bore diagnoses of long standing. Signal tone length (1-3 sec) and interstimulus interval (1.5-15 sec) were varied randomly. Intensity levels were determined, in part, by reference to the individual threshold (T l, T j5 db) and partly by prior selection of fixed values to be used with all Ss (10 and 40 db). Mean ISRT response was significantly slowed for the schizophrenic group, and these latencies were markedly more variable. Increased signal intensity reduced the latency of ISRT, significantly, in each group. The stimulus dynamism induced change in ISRT was altogether similar for both groups, over a range of 15-65 db. No evidence for a diminished vigilance from the beginning to the end of the experimental sitting was found, for either sample.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1975

Ethanol induced slowing of human reaction time and speed of voluntary movement.

This study tested the hypothesis that a CNS depressant (ethanol) would affect self-initiated psychomotor movement speed as much as the speed of an homologous movement made in response to an external stimulus. Four normal Ss (three male, one female, aged between 33-45 years) provided well-practiced measures of reaction time and a simple homologous traverse movement (a) in response to a signal from the E and (b) initiated at the S's own discretion. Performance by each S under ethanol conditions (B. A. L. .22%) was compared with his own baseline (pre- and postdrug) scores. Traverse originated by the S was consistently faster in the nondrug condition. Under peak-ethanol, both forms of traverse were slowed significantly in all Ss. Speed reductions were similar but consistently greater for self-initiated movement. A single S who repeated the experimental sequence under a minimally effective dosage (B. A. L. .08%) showed no important reduction in reactive movement speed, but was slowed significantly in self-initiated traverse measured concomitantly. The selective sensitivity of self-initiated movement to ethanol provides added evidence that a higher level of neural organization underlies control of human voluntary action.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Behavioral consequences of mild hypertension.

Tests made of the sensory-perceptual, cognitive, and psychomotor abilities of untreated young patients with essential hypertension have revealed a pattern suggesting a slight functional impairment of the central nervous system. Reduced performance was most marked for those tasks requiring speed and psychomotor coordination, particularly when the behaviors observed were self-initiated. Lowered scores were more evident among female hypertensives; no differences in performance by race were noted. The deficits measured by these sensitive tests do not appear to be great enough to intrude on everyday activity nor to impair work ability. Changes that may result from blood-pressure-lowering therapies will require further study.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of antihypertensive treatment on the behavioral consequences of elevated blood pressure.

It was shown in a prior study that mildly hypertensive patients performed significantly less effectively on several sensory-perceptual, cognitive, and psychomotor tests than did matched normotensive controls. To determine whether these deficits are attributable to elevated blood pressure per se, hypertensive and control subjects were recalled for reexamination 15 months after the original tests. Results indicated that those hypertensives in whom blood pressure had been lowered with antihypertensive drugs showed significant restoration of performance scores toward the levels of normotensive subjects. Hypertensives who had not received active treatment remained deficient as compared with controls. These results indicated that behavioral deficits in mild hypertension may be reversible consequences of the effects of elevated blood pressure on the central nervous system.

Adult↗