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Biomedical subjects

H Eder

Publications and source records attributed to H Eder.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Improved radiation protection for medical personnel in angiography and interventional radiology using permanent shielding devices in accordance with section 21 of the Radiography Regulation].

Presently examiners using angiographic methods are not accustomed to measure the exposition of parts of the body. This results in a considerable undervaluation of the really received doses (in terms of effective dose). Only a consequent application of dosimetry in parts of the body--demanded by section 35 of the German X-Ray Regulation and also by the corresponding guide-line--demonstrates the real problems i.e. oversteppings of dose limits. The use of practicable installations for permanent shielding will lead to an improvement of the situation and result in a significant decrease of the received doses and--at the same time--a minor physical burden of the examinator. Dosimetry of radiation was performed at the position of the examiner both with and without the application of permanent shielding (acrylic glass (PMMA) containing lead plus shielding of the lower part of the body). It could be demonstrated that a decrease of the received dose can be reached by a rate of 2.5 to 5 concerning the trunk and of 50 concerning the skull, upper arm and hands.

Angiography↗
PubMed1993

Gallbladder emptying is an important factor in fragment disappearance after shock wave lithotripsy.

The role of gallbladder emptying in fragment disappearance following shock wave lithotripsy of gallstones is poorly understood. We studied gallbladder motility in two groups of patients who had been treated by electrohydraulic shock wave lithotripsy and bile acid dissolution therapy. Group I (n = 20) consisted of patients with fragment disappearance within 18 months after lithotripsy, while patients in group II (n = 20) still harboured fragments in the gallbladder 18 months after lithotripsy. Fasting gallbladder volume was 19 +/- 10 ml (mean +/- S.D.) in group I, and 24 +/- 12 ml in group II (not significant). The residual volume was 8 +/- 9 ml in group I, but 18 +/- 14 ml in group II (p < 0.005). Thus, patients in group I ejected nearly twice as much of the fasting gallbladder volume as patients in group II. This difference in gallbladder emptying was still present if only the patients with single stones were compared in both groups. From the results of this retrospective study we conclude that gallbladder emptying is an important factor for complete fragment disappearance after gallstone disintegration by extracorporeally generated shock waves. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these observations.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Dose-dependent effects of recombinant human erythropoietin on the reticulocyte population of rabbits.

The effects of repeated applications of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO, epoetin beta, Recormon, CAS 122312-54-3) on the reticulocyte count and the reticulocyte maturation distribution of rabbits were investigated using the automated reticulocyte analysis system Sysmex R-1000. Therefore, 150, 300, and 600 IU rhEPO per animal were injected 3 times in intervals of 5-6 weeks. The strongest reaction was found on the second day after application of rhEPO with respect to maturation distribution characterized by the distribution quotient (DQ) and on the fourth day with respect to reticulocyte count. At this time these parameters showed a distinct dose dependence (p < 0.001). The effect of rhEPO on the erythropoietic system in the same rabbit population could be repeated. Thus, immunological neutralization of rhEPO did not take place in rabbits in response to a 3-fold application. The results indicate a potential basis for a simple bioassay in order to determine rhEPO activity in normocythemic rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Follow-up results of surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome in local anesthesia.

Of 107 patients (121 hands) operated for carpal tunnel syndrome at the University Clinic of Neurosurgery, Graz 99 patients were operated in local anesthesia. 82 patients (94 hands) came for follow-up examinations. After an average observation period of 19 months, the patients judged the postoperative results as follows (without regard to possible additional diseases): 78 hands (83%) "excellent" or "good", 13 hands (13.8%) "improved," and 3 "unchanged" (3.2%). On the basis of these results, the low stress for the patient, and the minimal rate of complications due to anesthesia, we recommend local anesthesia for surgical treatment of CTS.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Number and maturation distribution of the reticulocytes from six animal species].

With the fully automated reticulocyte analyzer Sysmex R-1000 (Fa. Toa Medical Electronics Co., LTD) the reticulocyte count and the reticulocyte ratio of rabbit, rat, mouse, mastomys, dog and swine was determined. Simultaneously, the reticulocytes were subdivided into 10 maturation classes according to their fluorescence intensity. The maturation distribution can be characterized by a distribution quotient. Both the maturation distribution as well as the distribution quotient are considered to be useful as good indicators of erythropoietic activity. The investigation establishes, that the reticulocyte count and the maturation distribution of these six species can be determined quickly and easily. The distinct differences between the species reflect the maturation locus of the reticulocytes, which varies among the species (medullary or humoral type of maturation).

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The visual method for inspecting film processing in accordance with Section 16 of the German X-ray Ordinance (the Bavarian alternative). Fundamental principles and initial results].

The visual method is an alternative for examining whether film processing and the x-ray equipment are in accordance with the provisions of subsection 16 of the Federal German X-ray Ordinance (Roentgenverordnung). By this alternative it is possible to dispense with the densitometer and the sensitometer. Workday-to-workday or weekly control exposure of the grey scales is performed by means of the x-ray equipment, the dose being maintained at a constant level. The grey scale produced in this manner is compared with a reference scale; this ensures continual monitoring of the dose-density relation. Errors of the apparatus and errors during developing, or of the film, can be recognised separately due to double-sided measurement of the dose (entrance dose of the test sample and exit or film dose).

Germany↗
PubMed1990

Probucol: pharmacology and clinical application.

Increased levels of cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and VLDL-cholesterol are known risk factors for the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease. Probucol is an orally active agent that can reduce total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. The drug also reduces HDL-cholesterol. However, it may modify the lipoprotein in such a way that removal of cholesterol from peripheral tissues is still enhanced. Probucol also has antioxidant activity, which may inhibit the oxidative modification of LDL that contributes to lipid deposition in blood vessel walls. Probucol is a well tolerated agent. However, its ability to prolong life in human subjects still needs to be determined.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Severe hypertriglyceridemia in diabetic ketosis.

In order to learn whether patients with diabetic ketosis who had very severe hypertriglyceridemia had underlying genetic hyperlipidemia, the authors measured plasma lipids in 211 episodes. They report the findings in the 15 patients who had initial plasma triglyceride concentrations above 11.3 mmol/L (1,000 mg/dL). These patients were detected during a prospective study of 155 episodes of ketoacidosis and 56 episodes of ketosis. Eleven of the 15 patients had definite or probable insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but eight of the 15 were not acidemic despite their ketosis. Twelve of the 15 patients (80%) were men, a far higher percentage of men than the 53.6% in the base population of 211 episodes. Plasma triglyceride concentrations returned to normal levels either during the acute episode (seven cases) or well within a year (two more cases) in most of the patients. From that and other considerations, the authors infer that at least ten, and perhaps 12 of the 15 patients did not have an underlying genetic hyperlipidemia contributing to their original severe hypertriglyceridemia. That contrasts with the findings of others who reported that most patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia associated with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (usually without ketosis) did have coexisting familial hypertriglyceridemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Automated microfluorometric absolute count and maturation analysis of reticulocytes].

The absolute reticulocyte count and the maturation distribution of blood reticulocytes can be obtained by automated microfluorometric analysis in a deposit system called AURAS (Automated Reticulocyte Analysis System). Moreover visual measurements are possible on the same specimen for cell individual control. Visual reticulocyte counts are of high reproducibility and accuracy and therefore deliver practicable reference data. Results from experimental work indicate the value of maturation distribution changes with respect to Erythropoietin effects.

Erythrocyte Count↗
PubMed1989

Development of dementing illnesses in an 80-year-old volunteer cohort.

We have prospectively followed over a 5-year period 434 volunteers who were at intake ambulatory, functional, presumably nondemented, and between 75 and 85 years of age. Fifty-six (an incidence of 3.53 per 100 person-years at risk) developed a progressive dementia: 32 met diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) (an incidence of 2.0 per 100 person-years at risk), 15 had vascular or mixed dementia, and 9 had other disorders or remain undiagnosed. New cases of dementia were as common as myocardial infarction and twice as common as stroke. Risk factors for both dementia and AD were age (over 80) and gender (female); other reported risk factors such as family history, prior head injury, thyroid disease, maternal age, and smoking were not risk factors for AD in this elderly cohort. Prior stroke was the major risk factor for vascular or mixed dementia; diabetes and left ventricular hypertrophy but not a history of hypertension per se were also risk factors for vascular dementia. The major predictor of the development of AD was the mental status score on entry. The 58.5% of the cohort who made zero to two errors on a 33-item mental status test had a less than 0.6% per year chance of developing AD, whereas the 16% of the cohort with five to eight errors on this test developed AD at a rate of over 12% per year. Thus, it is possible to identify a large cohort of 80-year-olds who are at low risk for AD and a smaller cohort at very high risk.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

A dose-dependent effect of recombinant erythropoietin on the reticulocyte population of rats.

The effect of human recombinant erythropoietin (rEPO) on the reticulocyte count and the reticulocyte maturation distribution in rats was measured with an automatic reticulocyte analysis system (AURAS). The strongest reaction was found on the third day after a single application of rEPO with respect to reticulocyte count, maturation distribution, and the count of immature reticulocytes. At this time these parameters show a distinct dose dependency. The results indicate a possible basis for a simple rEPO bioassay using normocytemic rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Modification of reticulocyte count and distribution of degree of maturity by erythropoietin in the rat].

By means of an automatic system for reticulocyte analysis (Auras) the effect of administering 50 IU of intraperitoneal erythropoietin on the number of reticulocytes and the distribution of the maturation degree of reticulocytes was investigated on Wistar rats for 28 days. A single administration of erythropoietin will lead to a rapid increase in the absolute number of reticulocytes and to changes in the distribution of the maturation degree within the first five days. The maximum of the reticulocyte number can be observed on the third to fourth day after application. Even on the second day after administering erythropoietin the measuring numbers of the distribution of maturation degree indicate maximal changes, the distribution quotient being particularly evident.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of single 60Co whole-body irradiation on the absolute count and degree-of-maturity distribution of reticulocytes in the rat].

Wistar-rats were exposed to a single 60Co-gamma-total body irradiation with 1.5 Gy, 3.0 Gy and 4.5 Gy. The trend of reticulocyte count and the reticulocyte maturation distribution were measured with an automatic analysis system over a period of 30 days. In all animals the reticulocyte count as well as the maturation distribution showed minima at the second and the twelfth day post irradiation. The duration of the minima were dose dependent. The changes of the reticulocyte count and the maturation distribution are equivalent.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[A fluorescence phenomenon of nucleoprotein shown by illuminated living cells].

Living cell nuclei supravitally stained with fluorochromes exhibit a rapid fluorescence fading during continuous light or u.v. illumination. Subsequently the fluorescence intensity is transitory restored due to increased influx of new dye molecules and their interaction with nucleoproteins. This effect is interpreted as photodynamic (photosensitized) action concerning nuclear macromolecules. It can be shown with different intercalating and nonintercalating fluorochromes. Continued illumination causes cell damage and cell death. Fractionated illumination allows to investigate fluorescence recovery and other restitutional processes on the level of living eucaryotic cells.

Animals↗