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Biomedical subjects

H Ehrhart

Publications and source records attributed to H Ehrhart.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Diabetes mellitus and breast cancer. A retrospective follow-up study].

The influence of diabetes mellitus on the course of breast cancer was investigated retrospectively in 752 patients. Possible unfavourable prognostic factors like overweight, lipid disorders, age and menopausal status were considered as confounders in a Cochran-Mantel-Haensel analysis. There was no difference in primary tumor status and lymph node involvement between patients with diabetes mellitus and nondiabetic patients. Diabetic patients had more often overweight, lipid disorders and were older than nondiabetic patients. Metastatic disease was highly significant correlated with primary tumor status (p less than 10(-6)) lymph node involvement (p less than 10(-10)) and diabetes mellitus (p less than 10(-5)). Overweight, lipid disorders, age and menopausal status were not correlated with metastatic disease. A possible explanation of the correlation between diabetes mellitus and metastatic disease could be hyperinsulinism in type IIB diabetes. A type IIB diabetes in most of the patients included in this study is very plausible because of the correlation between overweight, lipid disorders, old age and diabetes mellitus. This type of diabetes is characterised by a relative resistence to insulin in the target tissues and a prolonged and exceeding insulin secretion. Experimental data demonstrate that insulin stimulates the growth of breast cancer cell in vivo and in vitro.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Predictive tumor tests in chemotherapeutic treatment concepts of malignant diseases].

In order to determine the pre-therapeutical effectiveness of cytotoxic drugs in metastasizing tumours, two in vitro test methods were examined for their predictive validity: the short-term incubation of tumour cells with cytotoxic drugs and radioactive labelled precursors of the DNA- or RNA-synthesis, and the testing of the cloning ability of tumour cells, pre-incubated with cytotoxic drugs. The short-term incubation techniques were directed in two directions: the testing of sensitivity and the testing of resistance. Both methods can only be carried out using strong proliferating tumours. With methodical, pharmalogical and biological problems, the sensitivity test results in a relatively minor correlation between the in vitro and in vivo reactions. Contrary to this the resistance test allows a predictive, clinically utilizable judgement of primary and secondary forms of the tumour-cell resistance of specific cytotoxic drugs. The consecutive measurement of the proliferative activity of tumours before and after a systematic chemotherapy also seems to be an able parameter concerning the clinically expected effectiveness of cytotoxic drugs. Compared to the other in vitro tests the tumour-cell clonogenic assay demonstrates two main advantages: firstly, all cytotoxic drugs can be analysed by this test method, and secondly, little proliferating tumours can also examined. Nevertheless, this test method seems to be more suitable for predicting tumour-cell resistance than the sensitivity of cytotoxic drugs.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical aspects and chemotherapy of adenocarcinoma of the kidney].

The classic triad of hematuria, pain and presence of a palpable flank mass is found only in few patients with renal carcinoma. Hematuria, the main symptom, occurs in nearly the half of patients. Blood levels of erythropoetin and renin are often elevated and may be of value as biochemical tumor markers. Chemotherapeutic agents do not alter the course of metastatic renal carcinoma significantly. Vinblastine is the most effective available drug currently. Progestins or androgens cause tumor regression very seldom. If antioestrogens or immuntherapeutic regimens may improve therapeutic results, is not to be decided at present.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

[Inhibition of 3H-TdR-incorporation in tumor cells after application of cytotoxic drugs as an indicator of therapeutical efficacy (author's transl)].

In 36 Walker-ascites-carcinosarcoma bearing rats the reduction of 3H-TdR-incorporation into tumor cells after cytotoxic treatment as an potential prognostic factor for efficacy of chemotherapy was tested. Twelve rats each were i.p. treated with 1 mg/kg bw. DDP resp. 0.8 mg/kg bw. adriamycin. Twelve rats were injected with 0.2 mg phs. NaCl and served as control. Survival of rats served as criterion of therapeutic efficacy. There was a significant correlation between reduction of 3H-TdR-uptake in tumor cells after cytotoxic therapy and survival.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Current status of chemotherapy of gastric and colorectal cancer].

The group of gastric and colorectal carcinomas has the highest cancer mortality in Western Germany. The possibilities of treatment with chemotherapy only have palliative character. 5-Fluourouracil is the therapeutic of choice on the metastasized colorectal cancer. However, a prolongation of survival time by treatment of the colorectal tumor could neither be recorded in applying 5-Fluorouracil as a single agent, nor through combination chemotherapy. The treatment of the metastasized gastric carcinoma with combinations consisting of the 5-Fluorouracil and Adriamycin could be of future value. Also effective with this tumour as a palliative measure is the combined treatment with 5-Fluorouracil and irradiation. The advantage of an adjuvant therapy of a chemotherapeutical, radiological or immunological kind could so far not be proved.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

[In vitro resistance testing of tumors in relation to cytostatics. 1. Animal experiments].

By studying rat Yoshida sarcoma and Walker carcinoma, pertinent results have been obtained for chemotherapy drug (CD) resistance of human tumors. The incorporation rates of tritiated metabolic precusors of DNA and RNA synthesis could be shown to be reproducible in ascites tumor cells and in solid tumor cells, in the absence as well as in the presence of CDS. Fraction of proliferation cells, cell cycle phase duration and tumor generation time were equal before and after explanation. The in vitro CD concentration used did not promote cell death within the first 4 h post-explantation, as shown by supravital stain (with Lissamin green and Trypan blue) and by 51Cr-release studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[In vitro resistance testing of tumors in relation to cytostatics. 2. Examinations with human malignomas].

The in vitro test presented here can be used to demonstrate chemotherapy drug (CD) resistance in human tumors showing high metabolic activity. Initially, dose-effect ratios are determined for various CDs in patients showing in vivo CD resistance (primary or secondary) and correlated with the inhibition of incorporation rates for radiolabeled DNA and RNA precursors in tumor cells. The maximal incorporation inhibition noted was 28% for the highest CD concentration used, and 17% for one tenth of that concentration, compared to controls. Accordingly, those tumor cells were termed "resistant" which showed a maximal incorporation inhibition of 28 and 17%, respectively, under the highest CD concentration used for the test. A total of 94 human tumors were tested, and the patient's response to CDs was evaluated after 12 weeks of therapy. In 57 of them, the in vitro test correctly predicted CD resistance as confirmed by the clinical course. There was no resistance demonstrated in vitro in another 13 cases which actually showed progression of disease while receiving CDs. In 24 cases there was good agreement between lack of resistance in vitro and clinical response.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Serial carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) determinations in the management of metastatic breast cancer.

Serum CEA levels were determined in 2095 patients following mastectomy for breast cancer by means of a double antibody 125 I-CEA-radioimmunoassay. 91% of 1462 patients free of metastases had normal levels less than or equal to 3 ng/ml (98% less than or equal to 5 ng/ml). In contrast, 54% of 633 patients with overt metastases had raised values greater than 3 ng/ml (43% greater than 5 ng/ml). The incidence of pathological levels was dependent on tumour burden and metastatic location rising from solitary lymph node disease (6% greater than 5 ng/ml) to skin, lung, bone, liver and multiple organ involvement (60%). CEA levels correlated weakly with total alkaline phosphatase and gamma-GT activities, but not with ESR or bilirubin levels. Of 531 patients followed after surgery and who had 3-18 serial determinations in 3-51 months, 46% without metastases had normal CEA levels as did 41% of 285 patients with metastases. Of the remaining 168 patients with elevated CEA levels, most showed a correlation between rising levels and disease progression, decreasing levels with remission and persistence of fluctuating levels with stationary disease. The CEA test is recommended as a valuable adjunct to monitor the clinical response to chemo/hormo/radiotherapy in metastatic breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Influence of hydroxyurea on DNA synthesis of human bone marrow in vivo (author's transl)].

Four patients, who suffered from malignant, disseminated tumors but had a morphologically intact bone marrow, where given a peroral Hydroxyurea (HU) infusion in a concentration of about 5 x 10(-4) mol over a period of 10 h. As indicator of the DNA synthesis the 3H-TdR-incorporation of bone marrow, gained by puncture before, during, and/or after HU application, was measured. While using HU, the DNA synthesis was extensively inhibited. Fourteen to 16 h after discontinuing the HU it increased by the factor 1.5 to 2 of the initial value, i.e., before treatment. This is interpreted as a partial synchronization of bone marrow cells where effects of cell depletion and recruitment are not to be entirely excluded, Toxicity, such as the decrease of peripheral blood cells or nausea, did not occur.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Medical therapy of the metastasizing breast neoplasm].

For the metastasized breast cancer the indication for the ablative and additive hormonal treatment and/or for the combination chemotherapy is clearly outlined. The hormonal treatment should always be used first because of its good compatibility unless the prognostic assumptions are unfavorable, such as short intervals between primary treatment and recidivation or appearance of metastases and a visceral metastatic formation. In these cases a combination chemotherapy or a combined hormonal/cytostatic treatment should be applied. Various combination chemotherapy schedules are discussed and compared in regard to effectiveness, compatibility, side effects and dispensation. A final judgement for an additional immunological therapy and adjuvant chemotherapy of the pretreated breast cancer cannot be given.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1976

[Immunglobulins G, A, M, and E in lymphogranulomatosis (author's transl)].

IgG, IgA and IgM were determined in 68, and IgE in 30 patients with Hodgkin's disease. Their relation to the dissemination stage, histological type, clinical stage and peripheral lymphocytes as well as the correlation of IgE to the peripheral eosinophils was investigated. In the untreated collective all Ig concentrations were above normal, but in the treated patients only IgG and IgE. With increasing dissemination, there was a decline of IgG, IgA and IgM in both groups which, however, was only significant for IgM. IgM was lowered in the lymphocytopenic type, raised in nodular sclerosis. There is a confirmed correlation between the absolute peripheral lymphocytes and IgM and between the peripheral eosinophils and IgE. IgE and IgA are slightly and IgM significantly lowered in the treated compared with the untreated patients. The findings suggest a disturbance of the humoral immunity in stage IV, in the lymphocytopenic type and in the treated patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Resistance testing of cytostatic agents on human tumors (author's transl)].

An in vitro short term incubation of human tumors with different cytostatic agents and their corresponding radioactive precursors of cell metabolism allows detection of those drugs which are inefficacious on the examined tumor. The pretherapeutical knowledge of those substances keeps the patient from unnecessary and damaging cytotoxic treatment. The in vitro and in vivo correlation of this technique was tested on 3 different groups of tumor patients: 1. Chemotherapeutically treated tumor patients with primary or secondary induced resistance against the applied cytostatic agents: all substances which clinically did not influence the tumor growth at the moment of the test also were inefficient in the in vitro test system. 2. Tumor patients who were treated according to a clinical therapy regimen contrary to the results of the in vitro testing: corresponding to the test, no influence on tumor growth was seen. 3. Tumor patients who were treated according to the results of the resistance test: after 8 weeks observation none of these patients had any signs of tumor progression.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1975

[1st report on programmed chemotherapy of ovarian carcinoma].

A prospective study with regard to a cytostatic drugs combination treatment, partly synchronized and carried out in team work, of advanced ovarian carcinoma is being accomplished at the II. Women's Clinic of the University of Munich. The team consists of one oncologically orientated internal specialist, one radiotherapist, and one surgeon. The therapeutic procedure should be discussed; a report is given about the experiences gained so far in 41 patients, i.e. until May 1st, 1975.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

[Hemoblastosis and genital manifestations (author's transl)].

The course of the disease in a woman with a malignant lymphoma is described. The primary disease was recognized through an early involvement of the uterus which led to hemorrhages. While observations of this kind are relatively seldom communicated, examination of the literature showed that involvement of the genitals is to be reckoned with relatively frequently with hemoblastoses in the advanced stages. Regular gynecological investigations are therefore essential for women with hemoblastoses.

Breast Neoplasms↗