With reports of either no change or reduction of blood pressure, the relationship between selenium and blood pressure has not been clear. Normal Se values are not available for the Sprague Dawley (SD) rat or in the young and adult rat with various models of experimental hypertension. This study measured serum Se levels in the young and adult normotensive (NT), Grollman renal hypertensive (RH), and Okamoto-Aoki spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). The young animals have statistically significant (P less than 0.001) lower Se values as measured by the fluorometric method than those found at adulthood. Selenium levels were found to be altered in the adult SHR animals when compared with the RH and NT animals. The serum Se value for the normotensive SD rat was found to be 65.0 +/- 3.5 micrograms/dL, and for the two experimental models, 63.7 +/- 4.6 micrograms/dL for the RH, whereas the SHR level was elevated to 75.04 +/- 4.8 micrograms/dL (P less than 0.001). Elevated serum Se values in the adult SHR animals suggests an altered metabolism in SHR animals.

Aging↗

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Effects of elements on blood pressure.

This article present a comprehensive review of all known elements involved in blood pressure control. Data source was by computerized literature searches. A total of 28 elements have been documented as being involved in blood pressure control. The individual elements react directly and indirectly in a variety of metabolic and structural activities known to participate in blood pressure regulation. Reports from both experimental animal and human subjects are presented. The role of certain elements in blood pressure control is controversial. Conversely, important established functions of dosage, absorption, storage, and excretion of individual elements are known and are described in relation to blood pressure control. Some elements are pressor, whereas others are depressor in action, and this article demonstrates the important role elements play in the control of blood pressure.

Animals↗

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Lowering of blood pressure after stroke.

This study attempted to determine the occurrence rate of blood pressure reduction after stroke by reviewing 100 patients with stroke diagnosed by clinical and laboratory studies. Retrospectively, blood pressures were noted on admission, 2nd hospital day and on discharge. Hypertension was defined as readings over 160 mmHg systolic and 90 mmHg diastolic. Pre-stroke and stroke blood pressures along with pressures during hospitalization for other diseases were also studied, totaling 252 admissions. Patients with congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, coma and those who died were not counted. Of the 100 stroke patients, 47 hypertensives, consisting of 28 females and 19 males with a mean age of 69 years, were used. At the time of their stroke, 6 hypertensive patients were normotensive, 31 were normotensive from the 2nd hospital day and an additional 7 were normotensive on the day of discharge. One patient had labile blood pressures and 3 patients remained hypertensive. This study documents stroke as having a blood pressure lowering effect occurring in 13% of stroke patients on admission and in 64% by the 2nd hospital day. These observations in the hypertensive patient, rendered normotensive with stroke, suggests stroke has its own blood pressure lowering effect.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of injected chloroform on renal hypertension.

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Angiotensin II↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Juxtaglomerular cells in CCl-4-treated experimental hypertension.

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Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatocellular injury induced by chronic low-dose CCl4 in spontaneous and renal hypertensive rats: a correlation to the reversal of experimental rat hypertensive models.

Renal hypertension has been reduced to normal levels in the rat with subcutaneous injections of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Previous light microscopic evaluation of liver sections demonstrated varying degrees of hepatocellular and hepatic parenchymal injury secondary to CCl4 administration. In normotensive rat populations, saline injections have been shown not to cause hypertension, and the treatment of normal rats with subcutaneous CCl4 did not change their blood pressure over that of noninjected controls. In this study we compare the extent of blood pressure reduction with the degree of CCl4-induced liver injury in the renal-induced, spontaneous hypertensive rat (SHR), and normotensive rat. Statistically significant blood pressure reduction followed CCl4 injection of renal (p less than .01) and SHR (p less than .001) hypertensive animals. The morphological liver injury appeared most sensitively reflected in hepatocellular nuclear atypia. The SHR animals were the most resistant to CCl4 liver damage by chronic CCl4 treatment. There was no measurable effect of CCl4 treatment on the animals as assessed by their activity, rate of development and weight gain. The degree of blood pressure reduction due to CCl4 treatment in the SHR animals was similar to that previously reported in DOCA and renal-induced hypertensive animals.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Serum lead levels in experimental hypertension.

Serum lead (Pb) levels were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry in Grollman renal hypertensive (RH), spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive (NT) male rats of similar weight. Statistically significant (P less than 0.001) blood pressure elevations were obtained in the RH animals 195 +/- 12.0 mm Hg and the SHR animals measured 192 +/- 39 mm Hg compared with 136 +/- 4.79 mm Hg in the NT animals. Serum Pb values were elevated in both the RH 7.9 +/- 0.86 micrograms/dl, and NT 8.53 +/- 2.79 micrograms/dl animals whereas significantly lower (P less than 0.005) levels were measured in SHR 5.0 +/- 0.86 micrograms/dl animals. Blood hemoglobin and erythrocyte counts were normal and similar in all three groups of animals. These results show that serum Pb levels are not altered in RH rats compared with NT rats. The SHR animals had significantly lower levels of serum Pb, which probably reflect an indigeneous SHR condition.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hematological and blood pressure studies in the CCl4 treated rats.

Hematological parameters were studied in normotensive and spontaneous hypertensive rats along with those treated with chronic subcutaneous injections of CCl4. The normotensive animals treated with CCl4 demonstrated an erythrocytosis with an increase in the hematocrit levels. A lymphocytosis was seen with neutropenia in both CCl4 treated and untreated normotensive groups. The SHR animals compared to their normotensive counterparts had a lesser degree of lymphocytosis with an increase in the number of neutrophils. There was no blood pressure change in the normotensive CCl4 treated group, however a significant blood pressure difference was observed in the SHR group after CCl4 treatment.

Animals↗