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Biomedical subjects

H Faust

Publications and source records attributed to H Faust.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Cutaneous Histoplasma capsulatum in a nonimmunocompromised patient with previously treated cutaneous Mycobacterium kansasii.

This report describes a black woman with a history of cutaneous Mycobacterium kansasii responsive to antituberculous drugs. A culture several years later of cutaneous lesions was also positive for Histoplasma capsulatum. Both cutaneous diseases are rare and most often occur in immunocompromised hosts. There is no known association between these two diseases. This patient may have an as-yet unidentified immunodeficiency that predisposes her to these rare infections. Her case emphasizes the importance of repeat biopsy for atypical skin lesions.

Dermatomycoses↗
PubMed1989

[15N] ammonium test for liver function diagnosis.

The functional state of the liver can be assessed by oral administration of 15N labelled ammonium chloride (tracer) and subsequent isotope analysis of [15N]urea and [15N]ammonia in urine. Clinical tests based on the ratio of the excess abundances of [15N]ammonia to [15N]urea excreted in urine 3 hours after oral administration of the tracer gave values for patients with liver diseases which differed significantly from these of healthy subjects.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of protein metabolism in clinical practice.

The application of stable isotopes creates further possibilities for our understanding of the metabolism. New concepts especially for non-invasive diagnostic procedures could be developed. An important step in our research program was the performing of a 1-year experiment on a volunteer. On the basis of a 10-pool model we received a lot of informations. Based on this knowledge we developed 2 simplified methods for calculating whole body protein turnover. Knowing the problems with whole body protein calculations we intensified our intentions for determining the protein enrichment in organs and isolated cells (hepatocytes), estimating at the same time the precursor pool in the cells. Of special importance was an extensive study, wherein all those 15N-estimations were performed we are able to do up to now. We calculated whole body protein, but especially we studied the enrichment of the cellular protein fractions in hepatocytes, of plasmaproteins, and of the intracellular precursor pool. This study is the base for further tracer investigations.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Endoscopic sphincterotomy and surgical approaches in the treatment of the 'sump syndrome'.

The 'sump syndrome' is a rare, late complication of choledochoenterostomies. We observed 13 patients with this syndrome. The clinical features included recurrent cholangitis, liver abscesses, and recurrent pancreatitis. Five patients were treated by surgery, eight patients endoscopically. Reviewing an average follow up period of 22 months (range 6-60) after therapeutic endoscopy and 57 months (range 1-126) after different surgical procedures, we conclude that endoscopic sphincterotomy with removal of the debris is as efficient a therapy of the 'sump syndrome' as surgical sphincteroplasty and entails a smaller risk for the patient. We therefore advocate that endoscopic papillotomy should first be tried in all cases of 'sump syndrome' in the absence of suprapapillary stricture of the bile ducts.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[The intravenous 15N metabolism test in assessing the effect of parenteral feeding on protein synthesis].

It is possible to investigate the influence of parenteral applicated L-amino acids on protein metabolism of whole organism by the help of 15N-tracer technique in this paper described. We can determine the utilization of nitrogen parenteral applicated quantitatively. On the basis of graphical methods the protein synthesis rate can be calculated. We get this from mathematical models, based on 3-pool-model. The calculation bases on 15N-elimination in urine after intravenous infusion of 15N labeled amino acids solution during the time of 24 h (endproduct method). We describe 3 graphical methods, using the so-called values of plateau of cumulative 15N-excess amount (96 h) (plateau method A) or 15N abundance after 24 h (plateau method B) and the slope of the curve of 15N excess, amount at 24 h ('slope' method). By the help of these methods the therapeutical nutritive conceptions can be evaluated.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1986

[Changes in diagnostic imaging of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in recent years].

The following examinations have been carried out with various methods of diagnostic imaging: 148 CT, 69 US, 56 Ly. Data on the rate of accuracy of the various methods of examination in the individual abdominal regions. CT examinations rose from 1980 to 1985 from 83 percent to 100 percent. US examinations ranged between 50 to 25%. Lymphographies dropped from 54% to 0%. Owing to the early dissemination pattern of the NHL with frequent primary extranodal involvement, lymphography is no longer indicated. In the abdominal region including the pelvis, CT is superior to US accuracy also with those abdominal findings that have been histologically verified. CT cuts show a better reproducibility and more accurate basis for therapeutic controls. The problem of the mere characteristic of the "size of the lymph node" with non-invasive diagnostic imaging will be discussed. The costs of the various methods of examination are compared with each other. The strategy of examination has changed.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1985

Nuclear medicine liver-function tests for pregnant women and children. 2. A new test method via urine using 15N-methacetin.

A simple, non-invasive, non-radioactive liver-function test is proposed. After an oral dose of 3 mg 15N-methacetin per kilogram body mass, the kinetics of 15N excretion via urine were characterized by the quotient of the amounts of 15N excreted in two successive urine samples (Q value). The stable nitrogen isotope 15N was found to be an excellent and easily detectable indicator of the sum of all methacetin metabolites present in urine. Alterations in the nature or ratio of methacetin metabolites due to liver diseases could not be found. From the investigation of 11 men, 3 pregnant women and 15 children, a clear difference was observed in Q values of healthy persons and patients suffering from liver-cell-activity diseases. The discriminating power of our new liver-function test is shown to be equivalent to that of the 14CO2 breath test.

Acetamides↗
PubMed1985

A liver-function test using 15N-labelled ammonium chloride.

Malfunction of the liver involves disturbances of urea synthesis and ammonia detoxification. These phenomena became apparent, especially during ammonia loading of patients. The functional state of the liver can be assessed by oral administration of 15NH4Cl and subsequent analysis of 15N-urea and 15N-ammonia in urine by emission spectrometry. Clinical tests based on the ratio of the excess abundances of 15N-ammonia to 15N-urea excreted in urine 3 h after oral administration gave values for patients with liver disease which differed significantly from those for healthy subjects. Absorption disturbances, which often accompany liver diseases, do not influence the effectiveness of the method.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Nuclear medicine liver function tests for pregnant women and children. 1. Breath tests with 14C-methacetin and 13C-methacetin.

Stable isotopes, such as 13C, should be substituted for the long-lived radionuclide 14C in the 14C breath test when doing liver function tests in children and pregnant women. For comparison 13C, 15N-methacetin and 14C-methacetin were synthesized as suitable diagnostic agents. Methods are described for the measurement of 14C and 13C in the breath. After oral administration of labelled methacetin to healthy subjects and patients with liver diseases a good correspondence between 13C- and 14C-measurements in the same subject on the one hand, and a good discrimination between controls and patients on the other hand were shown. Findings with regard to 14C measurements in urine are discussed supporting the supposed advantage of 13C-methacetin over 14C-methacetin application.

Acetamides↗
PubMed1984

[Protein turnover in liver failure--determination using the stable isotope 15N].

The 15N-tracer technique gives new opportunities to medical research for investigation of normal and pathological nitrogen metabolism. Analysis of 15N kinetic data derived from total nitrogen excretion in the urine allows to calculate quantitatively certain parameters of protein synthesis and protein metabolism. At the same time analysis of serum samples will allow measurement of 15N-nitrogen incorporation into particular protein or non-protein fractions of the plasma. In the study reported here patients with different liver parenchyme lesions (acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, biliary obstruction, cirrhosis of the liver, hepatic coma) were investigated with a standardized 15N-tracer method developed by us. It could be shown, that protein turnover in patients with liver insufficiency is significantly decreased as compared to healthy persons. Decrease of protein synthesis is associated with a still more pronounced decrease of protein catabolism. There are significant differences in dynamics of 15N in patients with hepatic coma as compared to other patients with liver parenchyme disease without portal encephalopathy. Nevertheless, even in hepatic coma 15N incorporation into plasma proteins can be shown. Differences in the 15N elimination kinetics of the non-protein pool between patients with chronic active hepatitis, biliary obstruction and hepatic coma could be found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[A new isotope technic for the determination of residual volume].

A new isotope method for the determination of the residual volume of the lungs by means of stable, non-radioactive nitrogen isotope 15N is described. Normal air is breathed in a closed system. One part of the air nitrogen is replaced by 15N labelled molecular nitrogen. 15N2 physiologically acts like normal nitrogen so that the so-called secondary effects by using He or H2 are eliminated. By combination of a spirograph and an emission spectrometric 15N analyser the residual volume can be determined and mixing curves can be obtained. The determination of the residual volume in 10 healthy persons gives a range of normal values from 19 to 31% of the total capacity. In three persons with emphysema values from 45 to 50% of the total capacity are found. The analysis of mixing curves leads to additional informations concerning the intrapulmonary gas mixing conditions in the lungs. The relative error of the residual volume determination is about 8%.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Standardized 15N-tracer method for the assessment of protein metabolism in clinical practice].

A standardized 15N tracer method is described for the assessment of the nitrogen and protein metabolism in healthy and pathological changed organism. The method represents an isotope technical procedure for the application in the clinical research and practice. The single parts of this routine method are: --the clinical preparation of the patient/proband by means of a standardized nutritional regime, --the tracer administration (single dose) and the sampling (urine, blood), --the 15N-tracer technique (sample chemistry, emissions-spectrometric isotope analysis), --the mathematical evaluation of 15N tracer data.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1983

[Protein synthesis following experimental injuries in the pig as disease model. Comparison of infusion solutions with various amino acid patterns].

This study compares the effect of two amino acid solutions on protein metabolism after injury by measuring nitrogen balance, 15N-elimination, total body protein synthesis and utilisation of administered nitrogen in an experimental study using pigs. Protein synthesis and nitrogen utilisation were determined using a 15N-tracer technique with recourse to mathematical model concepts. The non-surgical control animals had a lower urinary nitrogen excretion, a more favourable nitrogen balance, a higher 15N-retention, greater total body protein synthesis and utilisation of the infused amino acids during infusion of an amino acid solution with a standard amino acid pattern (A) than the operated animals (solution B). Comparison of the post-operative data shows that if solution A is compared with solution B whose amino acid content takes account of changes in plasma amino acid metabolism following trauma, solution B yields the better results in respect of 15N-retention as well as total body protein synthesis and nitrogen utilisation.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1982

Protein synthesis after experimental injury in pigs. A comparison of infusion solutions with different amino acid patterns.

This study compared the effect of three amino acid solutions on protein metabolism after injury by measuring plasma amino acid pattern, nitrogen balance, total body protein synthesis and utilisation of administered nitrogen in an experimental protocol using pigs. Protein synthesis and nitrogen utilisation were determined using a 15N-tracer technique with recourse to mathematical model concepts. Control animals which had not undergone surgery had a lower urinary nitrogen excretion, a more favourable nitrogen balance, greater total body protein synthesis and utilisation of the infused amino acids during the infusion of an amino acid solution with a standard pattern of amino acids (A) than the operated animals infused with either solution A or two other test amino acid solutions B and C. Comparison of the post-operative data showed that if solution A is compared with solution (B) whose amino acid content takes account of changes in plasma amino acids following trauma and a solution (C) which contains a high fraction of branched chain amino acids, solution (B) yields the best results in respect of total body protein synthesis and nitrogen utilisation.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1980

[Current state and perspectives of the use of the 15N-tracer technic in gastroenterologic studies].

The importance of 15N as tracer in medical research is increasing. Since 1965 many results were obtained in cooperation of surgeons (Surgical clinic of Karl-Marx-University; Bezirkskrankenhaus St. Georg, Leipzig) and coworkers of Central Institute of Isotope and Radiation research. Using 3 test models (15N-labelled amino acid solution, permanent infused; 15N-labelled glycine, given as one single dose; 15N-labelled casein, oral given) healthy persons, patients in stress condition and after gastric operations and rats after performing several types of gastric operations were studied. Possibilities of calculations with mathematical models are shown.

Amino Acids↗