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Biomedical subjects

H Fogh

Publications and source records attributed to H Fogh.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in a sexually transmitted disease clinic: evaluation of a urine sample tested by enzyme immunoassay and polymerase chain reaction in comparison with a cervical and/or a urethral swab tested by culture and polymerase chain reaction.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of a urine sample for diagnosing Chlamydia trachomatis infection in an STD clinic in a prospective study of samples collected from 410 consecutive STD patients (167 female and 243 male). METHODS: Urine samples were tested by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in comparison with cervical and/or urethral swabs tested by PCR and cell culture. A questionnaire was completed for a total of 320 patients concerning symptoms, and determining whether they were controls, contacts or were being tested subsequent to legal abortion. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of C. trachomatis infection was 11.5%. At least 40% of patients were asymptomatic. Of the C. trachomatis-positive patients, 85% were diagnosed by testing urine, compared to 91% by testing swabs. For urine tests, the sensitivities of PCR were 66.7% and 71.9% for female and male patients, respectively, and the sensitivities of EIA were 40.0% and 62.5%, or 46.7% and 71.9%, for female and male patients, respectively, by including a 30% gray zone below the cut-off value. For swabs, the sensitivities of PCR were 93.3% and 87.5% for female and male patients, respectively, and equal to the sensitivities of culture. In total, 3.3% of controls and 35% of contacts were found to be C. trachomatis positive. CONCLUSION: The use of urine samples for the diagnosis of C. trachomatis infections was effective, but urine samples should be additional to conventional swab(s) instead of replacing. Partner notification and a confirmation of cure is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolaevulinic acid or placebo for recalcitrant foot and hand warts: randomised double-blind trial.

BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) followed by irradiation with incoherent light (ALA-PDT) for recalcitrant warts have had beneficial results. Therefore, we undertook a randomised, parallel, double-blind clinical trial of ALA-PDT versus placeboPDT for recalcitrant foot and hand warts. METHODS: Recalcitrant foot and hand warts were randomly assigned to six repetitive ALA-PDT or placebo-PDT interventions combined with standard treatment encompassing paring followed by a keratolytic (Verucid). Standardised photographs of each wart were taken before, during (week 7) and after treatment (weeks 14 and 18). The area of each wart compared with entry area was the primary outcome variable, measured from photographs by an evaluator unaware of treatment allocation for intervention. Pain intensity immediately and 24 h after each intervention was assessed by a five-point scale. FINDINGS: A total of 232 foot and hand warts in 45 patients were entered into the trial: 117 warts were allocated to ALA-PDT and 115 warts to placebo-PDT. In week 14, the median relative reduction in wart area was 98% in the ALA-PDT group (interquartile range 100%, 55%) versus 52% (100%, 0) in the placebo group (p=0.0006). In week 18, the median relative reduction in wart area was 100% in the ALA-PDT group (100%, 57%) versus 71% (100%, 0) in the placebo-PDT arm (p=0.008). Both the number of vanishing warts and the difference in relative wart area of persisting warts at week 14 and 18 were significant (p<0.05) in favour of ALA-PDT. Significantly more ALA-PDT warts were graded at a higher pain intensity after treatment than placebo-PDT warts. INTERPRETATION: ALA-PDT is superior to placebo-PDT when both wart area and number of vanishing warts are considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Changes in skin redness, pigmentation, echostructure, thickness, and surface contour after 1 pulsed dye laser treatment of port-wine stains in children.

BACKGROUND: The pulsed dye laser is the treatment of choice for children with port-wine stains (PWSs). Evaluation of treatment outcome and adverse effects is traditionally based on subjective clinical scoring systems. We intend to objectify treatment results and adverse reactions after 1 treatment with the pulsed dye laser. DESIGN: A before-and-after trial using skin reflectance to detect changes in skin redness and pigmentation, ultrasonography to evaluate changes in echostructure and skin thickness, and 3-dimensional surface contour analysis to detect changes in surface texture. PATIENTS: Twelve children with PWSs. SETTING: A university dermatological department. RESULTS: The skin reflectance-determined change in skin redness correlated with the clinical response (r = 0.46, P < .002). The percentage of reflectance-determined lightening was equal for pink, red, and dark red PWSs (median, 42.9%). Skin pigmentation increased after laser treatment (P < .007). Ultrasonography revealed lower dermal echogenicity of preoperative PWSs than of postoperative PWSs (P < .007) and healthy skin (P < .001). An increase in echogenicity reflected a decrease in the dermal water (blood) content. Variations were found in the dermal localization of the PWS. Skin thickness was significantly higher in the PWS before treatment than after (P < .001). The preoperative lesional thickness correlated inversely with the ultrasound-assessed treatment response (r = 0.35, P < .04). The surface contour parameters decreased significantly after laser treatment, indicating a flattening of the skin surface. The contour changes correlated positively with treatment response. By clinical evaluation, no hypopigmentation or texture changes were detected. CONCLUSION: The evaluation of treatment outcome and adverse effects is refined by the use of skin reflectance, ultrasonographic, and surface contour analysis.

Blood↗
PubMed1993

[Cutaneous larva migrans].

Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is a parasitic disease of the skin produced by skin-penetrating larvae, mainly the filariform larvae of cat and dog hookworms. Three cases of CLM diagnosed in Copenhagen are reported and the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Topical tromantadine in the treatment of genital herpes. A double-blind placebo controlled study.

A randomised double-blind placebo controlled trial was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of tromantadine ointment 1% in male patients with genital herpes. 45 patients with penile genital herpes of less than three days duration were randomised to local treatment with tromantadine ointment 1% or placebo (ointment base alone) five times daily up to 12 days. No difference in time of healing could be detected between the two groups (p = 1.0). Both the objective signs (vesicles, pustules, ulceration, and glandular swelling) and the subjective symptoms (itching, burning, pain and dysuria) all diminished simultaneously in the two groups.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

The relation between lichen planus and hepatitis C: a case report.

A case of simultaneous occurrence of lichen planus (LP) and hepatitis C in the same patient is presented. The patient had received treatment with interferon alpha for her chronic liver disease, and the association between LP, hepatitis C and interferon alpha treatment is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Subclinical human papilloma virus infection in condylomata acuminata patients attending a VD clinic.

In 37 (77%) of 48 patients with external genital warts, application of 5% acetic acid revealed areas of acetowhite epithelium. The lesions were not clinically apparent before acetic acid was applied but were easily detected without the use of a colposcope. In a control group of 20 patients with chlamydial urethritis and no history of genital warts, none had acetowhite genital lesions. Histological examination of biopsy specimens from the flat acetowhite lesions showed HPV infection with koilocytosis in 29 (78%) and in 3 (8%) intra-epithelial neoplasia grade II-III. Using in situ hybridization with commercially available biotinylated DNA probes, HPV types 16/18 could be detected in 7 (24%) patients with koilocytosis and in 3 (100%) patients with dysplasia. Simultaneous infection with HPV types 6/11, 16/18, and 31/33/35 was found in 8 of the 13 HPV DNA-positive patients. It is concluded that subclinical HPV-induced acetowhite lesions are common among patients with genital warts and that these flat lesions may be associated with a high grade of dysplasia. Consequently, routine use of the acetic acid test on the genital epithelium is recommended in patients with condylomata acuminata in order to diagnose and treat all HPV-infected areas.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1990

Multiple angiolipomata treated with intravenous infusions of lignocaine.

A 54-year-old woman with multiple tender angiolipomata was treated with intravenous infusions of lignocaine (5 mg/kg) in saline in a double-blind trial. The pain disappeared but reappeared gradually 3 weeks later. Central mechanisms may explain the mode of action of lignocaine. Infusions should be carried out during cardiac monitoring.

Double-Blind Method↗
PubMed1989

[Androgens in women with hirsutism who are referred for electroepilation].

The androgen status was determined in 105 women with hirsutism. Raised values of at least one androgenic hormone was found in 58 women, most frequently free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and delta-4-androstendion. No significant correlation was found between the androgen level and the degree of hirsutism or the frequency of disturbances of menstruation apart from amenorrhoea. Fifty-three women were examined at least six months after the electroepilation therapy. Significant decrease in the degree of hirsutism and the frequency of self-treatment were found together with great satisfaction with the result of treatment.

Androgens↗
PubMed1989

Tattoo removal by overtattooing with tannic acid.

Removal of tattoos was studied in the guinea pig. Professional tattoos were made, and two different solutions of tannic acid were injected intradermally into the tattoos four times. The macroscopic end result was formation of a slight fibrosis with little visible pigment. Histologic examination after treatment showed a moderate fibrosis with little visible pigment situated deeper in the dermis than in the untreated tattoo.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Androgens in hirsute women referred for electroepilation.

One hundred and five hirsute women were examined. Elevated levels of at least one androgen were found in 58 women, most often free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and delta 4-androstenedione. No significant correlation was found between level of androgens and hirsutism score or frequency of menstrual disturbances other than amenorrhea. Fifty-three women were examined at least 6 months after electroepilation. A significant decrease in hirsutism score and frequency of self-treatment was found. Scarring was not observed. Electroepilation performed by an experienced person should be recommended as an excellent treatment for hirsutism.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

5 alpha-DHT metabolism in monolayer cultures of distinct pituitary cell populations.

5 alpha-Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) metabolism into 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol (alpha-diol) and 5 alpha-androstane-3 beta, 17 beta-diol (beta-diol) was studied in monolayer cultures of distinct cell populations from prepubertal male rats pituitaries. Cells were characterized through immunocytochemistry with the various antihormone antisera. Centrifugal elutriation was used to prepare a gonadotrope-enriched population "G" and a gonadotrope-depleted population "L", containing most lactotropes and somatotropes. Using centrifugation on Percoll gradient, two sub-populations, P1 and P2, were prepared by further fractionation of the "L" population. Cells were incubated for 48 h with [3H]DHT (1 microM, sp. act. 0.9 Ci/mmol) and metabolites extracted from the whole cell and medium. DHT was metabolized to about the same extent (30-40%) in all cell fractions. Compared with unfractionated population, the conversion of DHT into alpha-diol increased significantly in the P1 fraction, consisting of lactotropes, somatotropes and highly depleted in gonadotropes. This increase was lower in the somatotrope-enriched P2 fraction in which the amount of lactotropes was similar to P1 but that of gonadotropes slightly higher. In contrast, the conversion of DHT into alpha-diol decreased significantly in the "G" population compared with total or "L" fractions, whereas androstanedione formation, low in every population, increased significantly. The increase in alpha-diol formation could be related either to the decrease of gonadotropes or to a role of non-immunoreactive cells. As the beta-diol formation was constant in all cell types, the beta-diol/alpha-diol amount increased significantly in gonadotropes. Then, beta-diol and DHT could be both active steroids in gonadotrope regulation inasmuch as specific binding sites were identified for these two steroids. It can be concluded that DHT action at the pituitary level is subject to complex control mechanisms involving a specific balance of its metabolites in each particular cell type.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Seroconversion to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in persons attending an STD clinic in Copenhagen.

1,182 males and 155 females attending an STD clinic from June 1984 to October 1985 were investigated for the presence of antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). 348 (29.5%) of the males and 5 (3.2%) of the females were antibody positive (ab+). 237 of the males were initially antibody negative (ab-) and were tested more than once, and during a 16-month period 40 of these seroconverted from ab- to antibody positive. The mean follow-up period of these 40 patients was 7.1 months, and thus the seroconversion rate is estimated to be 2.4% per month. Samples from 37 of these were available for HIV antigen testing. 19 of the patients were antigen positive in the latest ab- sample and accordingly, 18 patients were antigen negative in the latest ab- sample. No difference was found between the mean follow-up periods of those with and those without HIV antigen in the latest ab- serum and the presence of HIV antigen in serum was not associated with symptoms of acute HIV infection. After 20 months of follow-up, none (0.0-8.8%, 97.5% confidence limits) of the 40 patients have developed AIDS or AIDS-related complex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Prednisolone does not prevent post-herpetic neuralgia.

In a randomised, double-blind, controlled study of the effect of prednisolone on the development of post-herpetic neuralgia 78 patients with herpes zoster whose pain and exanthema had been present for less than 96 h were given 800 mg acyclovir five times daily for 7 days and prednisolone in a total dose of 575 mg, starting with 40 mg daily in the first week and tapering off over the next 2 weeks. 18 (23%) of the patients had post-herpetic neuralgia at 6 months after the acute zoster, 9 (24.3%) having received prednisolone and 9 (22.5%) placebo. The 95% CI for the difference between the placebo and prednisolone groups in the proportion of patients having pain at 6 months was minus 17% to plus 20%. Prednisolone, however, relieved pain for the first 3 days. The 1-2 week interval between admission and reappearance of pain and development of triggered pain seems to be the time needed to establish neuralgia. Once established, the type and intensity of pain remained largely unaltered.

Acyclovir↗