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Biomedical subjects

H Friede

Publications and source records attributed to H Friede.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Effect of post-surgical jaw-orthopaedic treatment in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients.

Reduction of the contraction of maxillary segments in newborn infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate by means of post-operative maxillary orthopaedic treatment was evaluated in 32 consecutive patients. Early surgery was performed in three stages and jaw-orthopaedic treatment with an acrylic plate was started one week after the first and again after the second operation. Between the first and second operation, between the second and third operation and during the period from the first operation to the age of three years there were no significant differences in changes of maxillary width dimensions between half of the children using the plates most frequently and the other half, with one exception. This difference was probably due to differences in initial values between the two groups of children. Thus, the influence on maxillary dimensions and dental occlusion of jaw-orthopaedic treatment, carried out according to our routines, was very limited. On the other hand, other treatment objectives might have been facilitated.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1984

Cell kinetic studies of the cytostatic and cytocidal effect of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine on the L1210 ascites tumor.

The effect of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) on mouse L1210 ascites tumor cells was studied in vivo with cell kinetic methods. Injection of ara-C (200 mg/kg) leads to an immediate inhibition of DNA synthesis and, thus, to a block of G1 cells at the G1-S border. This dose of ara-C kills a considerable fraction (at least 54%) of the L1210 cells. A double-labeling experiment with [3H]thymidine and [14C]thymidine which permits the distinction of cells in different cycle phases shows that ara-C kills the majority of cells in S phase, while only a minor fraction of G1 cells are lethally damaged. A multicompartment model is utilized to derive from the results of the double-labeling experiment the rates of cell loss out of the different cycle phases. Eighty-seven percent of the cells that are in S phase at the time of ara-C application and 21% of the cells in G1 are killed by ara-C. The repopulation of the tumor starts from the remaining G1 cells. A mean life span of the necrotic cells of 1.9 hr is derived from the model.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Cephalometric radiography and computed tomography in infants undergoing major craniofacial surgery--a comparison.

Craniofacial growth after surgery in children is not completely understood. We have therefore formed a programme for pre- and postoperative studies with both roentgencephalometric- and computed tomographic investigations. This regimen results in overlapping information. Thus, an assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods was made and exemplified in four patients. In our experience both cephalometry and CT are essential for the diagnosis, surgical planning and follow-up of surgically treated children with craniofacial anomalies. To minimize the radiation doses and the diagnostic procedures which in these cases often includes general anesthesia, patients with isolated, asymmetrical conditions such as plagiocephaly, might be followed with CT only, since roentgencephalometry can not add much information.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1983

Growth of the anterior cranial base after craniotomy in infants with premature synostosis of the coronal suture.

The effect of early craniotomy (age range: 1-6 months) on the growth of the cranial base was studied in 9 subjects with different types of premature synostosis affecting the coronal suture. In 5 of them the premature fusion involved only growth sites in the coronal suture growth complex, while the remaining 4 cases had a diagnosis of a craniofacial synostosis syndrome, such as Apert, Crouzon and Pfeiffer. In all but one of the patients, the craniotomy was not only extended down to the inferior orbital fissures but was also combined with the release of a free-floating fronto-supraorbital bone flap. Follow-up roentgencephalometry to ages ranging from 10 to 36 months indicated that the length and the growth of the anterior cranial base improved considerably after the craniotomy. However, complete normalization did not occur, especially in the subgroup with craniofacial synostosis syndromes. The mid-face of these patients also remained deficient in spite of the craniotomy.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1982

Adolescent facial morphology of early bone-grafted cleft lip and palate patients.

A final evaluation of the effect of early bone grafting (EBG) on facial growth was carried out. The sample included 19 bilateral and 42 unilateral cleft lip and palate patients with an age range of 15-20 years, which meant on average 16 years after the EBG procedure. Roentgencephalometric data indicated maxillary retrognathia in both cleft categories and also deficient vertical descent of the maxilla, especially in the anterior part. In about 40% of the bilateral and 50% of the unilateral cleft patients, the mid-facial growth attenuation had reached such magnitude that surgical advancement of the maxilla was necessary. Analysis of plaster casts revealed that in every second cleft area the EBG operation had made it possible to achieve continuity in the dental arch without the need for prosthodontic replacement of teeth. Fusion of the suture between the (pre)maxilla and vomer was suggested as the reason for the typical mid-facial morphology seen in our patients with the most pronounced growth impairment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Cell kinetic studies on the JB-1 ascites tumour of the mouse. FLM-method modified by double-labelling with [3H]- and [14C]thymidine.

The FLM method, modified by double labelling with [3H]- and [14C]-thymidine, has been applied to the 4-day old JB-1 ascites tumour of the mouse. It results in well separated waves of purely [3H]- and purely [14C]-labelled mitoses, which show a remarkable asymmetry with long tails to the right. The following values for the mean transit times of the cells have been derived from this FLM curve, for a tumour age of 4-6 days: Tc = 32.5 hr, Tx = 16.7 hr, Tg2 = 3.7 hr, Tg1 = 11.0 hr and Tm = 1.1 hr. A further evaluation of the FLM curve, however, is difficult, due to the non-stationary growth of the tumour. A number of other experimental findings (growth curve, decrease of the labelling and mitotic index with increasing tumour age, two single-labelled FLM curves starting 4 and 6 days after tumour inoculation) indicate that the cell cycle time increases during the experimental period of the double-labelled FLM curve (about 1 days). A lengthening of the cycle time should result in an increasing enlargement of the areas under the waves of the modified FLM curve. However, such an increase in area has not been found; the areas are constant. All the results of the present cell kinetic studies would be consistent if it were postulated that the cell cycle time lengthens with increasing tumour age up to about 4 days after inoculation, then remains relatively constant at between 4 and 6 days and thereafter increases again. Short-term double labelling experiments suggest that this is actually the case. Under the assumption of nearly constant phase durations during the 5th and 6th day of tumour growth further conclusions can be drawn from the modified FLM curve. In particular, it follows that the transit times of the cells through successive cycle phases are uncorrelated and the variances of the transit times through a cycle phase are proportional to the duration of this phase.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Normal development and growth of the human neurocranium and cranial base.

The literature on normal development and growth of certain areas of the human head is reviewed, starting with the early induction of the desmal neurocranium. the development of the brain capsule with its dural reinforcement bands and their connection with the basicranium is discussed, as is the primordial chondrocranium, including its bone replacement. Growth of the calvaria and the three cranial fossae is also analysed. Special interest is focused on the anterior fossa, as knowledge of the growth in this area is very important for an understanding of pathogenesis and possibilities of treating premature craniosynostosis. Finally it is stressed that close observation of the effects of treatment on this pathology may increase our knowledge of normal growth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of premature sutural synostosis.

Premature sutural synostoses are currently being treated at the Craniofacial Center at the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Göteborg. A leading principle has been to release tethered parts of the skull and the facial skeleton in order to let the expanding brain mould the skeletal parts to an acceptable position. This can be achieved within the first year of life. When operating in later stages, the skeletal parts are wired in a semi-static position by a single osteosynthesis, still allowing expansion by the growing brain.

Craniofacial Dysostosis↗
PubMed1980

Cleft lip and palate treatment with delayed closure of the hard palate. A preliminary report.

A new routine for the surgical treatment of cleft lip and palate patients is presented. Beside the regular lip-nose surgery it includes delayed closure of the cleft in the hard palate and soft palate closure without push-back technique. The effect on early facial growth was evaluated by comparing eight of these patients, three years of age, with a matched group where the hard and soft palate was closed primarily by vomer flap and velar push-back. The new treatment method resulted in significantly less teeth in crossbite occlusion due to a wider maxillary dental arch. As yet no serious disadvantages have been recorded.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1980

Lip-nose morphology and symmetry in unilateral celft lip and palate patients following a two-stage lip closure.

A new method was developed to evaluate more objectively the morphology of the soft tissue lip and nose after treatment of the unilateral cleft lip and palate deformity. Plaster casts of the mid-face of the patients were analysed by use of angular, linear and surface measurements. Thirty cases were studied 4--10 years after the primary surgery of the lip, performed in two stages ad modum Johanson. The results indicated a satisfactory though slightly short lip in the former cleft area. The alar base of the nose was at the same horizontal level on the cleft as the noncleft side. The cleft nostril, however, was significantly greater in surface area and the length of its long axis as well as its angulation, differed between the two sides.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1978

The vomero-premaxillary suture--a neglected growth site in mid-facial development of unilateral cleft lip and palate patients.

The growth capacity of the vomero-premaxillary suture (VPS) was analysed as this growth site, sometimes exposed during cleft surgery, is usually unrecognized in the patient's mid-facial development. Metallic implants were inserted on both sides of the suture in eight infants with unilateral cleft lip and palate at the time of the first surgery. The patients were followed roentgencephalometrically to the age of three years. Growth between the vomer and premaxilla was recorded in every case, with growth being especially marked during the first year of life. The horizontal increment of growth between the pins was greater than the vertical increment. On the basis of these findings, it was proposed that surgery which seriously impedes or stops growth in the VPS is likely to be an important factor in the etiology of the mid-facial retrusion that is sometimes seen in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1977

Metallic implants as growth markers in infants with craniofacial anomalies.

The purpose of the study was to test the retention of metallic implants in bone tissue for evaluation of early facial growth patterns in patients with craniofacial malformations. Implants were inserted in 51 patients (age range: 1-17 months) with different diagnoses, the majority of them with various types of cleft lip and/or palate. Seven positions in the maxilla and four in the mandible were employed. Roentgencephalometric follow-up examinations were carried out at various stages up to the age of about three years. The results indicated that the frequency of implants firmly retained within the bone decreased with time depending on the craniofacial deformity and the implant sites. Stability seemed most critical in positions close to the alveolar processes where more than one-half of the implants inserted were dislocated or lost at the three-year follow-up. For the maxillary implants the patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate displayed the highest failure rate. This investigation did not support continuation of the implant method in infants as used in the present study.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1977

A follow-up study of cleft children treated with vomer flap as part of a three-stage soft tissue surgical procedure. Facial morphology and dental occlusion.

The development of the face and jaws in cleft patients, treated with a three-stage surgical procedure including a single layer vomer flap, was studied by analysing cephalometric radiographs and dental casts. The material consisted of 13 patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate and 50 cases with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, operated on 1964--1970. At the follow-up the average patient in both cleft categories demonstrated a maxillary retrognathia and in the unilateral cleft sample also a facial skeletal profile straighter than normal, though not as pronounced as we had found in cases where the vomer flap procedure was accompanied by bone grafting. However, the mean profile for the bilateral as well as the unilateral cleft group was straighter than reported for patients subjected to neither vomer flap nor bone grafting. The occlusal findings confirmed the maxillary growth retardation and similarly placed the present patients at a level between the results of the other two types of surgical regimes. As a side-effect cleft-bridging bone was formed in some part of the hard palate in every second case, though without importance for facial development. In an effort to reduce the restricted mid-facial growth found in the present patients, we have changed our surgical technique and since 1975 excluded the use of vomer flaps.

Bone Transplantation↗