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Biomedical subjects

H Fuchs

Publications and source records attributed to H Fuchs.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[The screaming baby. A family dynamic study on causes, sequelae and therapeutic possibilities in the crying baby].

The main goal of this paper is to point at the still unknown aetiology of the "screaming babies". To neglect the corresponding symptoms or to inadequately treat them mostly results in a derangement of the behaviour of the children even years afterwards, resulting in abnormal behaviour, psychosomatic symptoms or even retardation of development, as can be observed during psychotherapeutic treatment later on. Analyzing aetiologic factors will give hints for therapy, which enable us to help and support these children or their suffering parents. Since we believe that multifactorial reasons lead to the symptoms of the "screaming baby", the aetiologic aspect will be demonstrated on three levels: Neurophysiological aspects, dysfunction of the mother-child relationship and also family-dynamic aspects in the context of the family as a whole.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Regulation of ketogenesis by epinephrine and norepinephrine in the overnight-fasted, conscious dog.

The effects on ketogenesis and lipolysis of a norepinephrine (0.04 microgram/kg-min), epinephrine (0.04 microgram/kg-min), or saline infusion were examined in the overnight-fasted, conscious dog. Plasma insulin and glucagon levels were maintained constant by means of a somatostatin infusion (0.8 microgram/kg-min) and intraportal replacement infusions of insulin and glucagon. In saline-infused dogs, plasma epinephrine (62 +/- 8 pg/ml), norepinephrine (92 +/- 29 pg/ml), blood glycerol (87 +/- 10 microM), and plasma nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) (0.82 +/- 0.17 mM) levels did not change. Total blood ketone body levels tended to rise (62 +/- 10 to 83 +/- 11 microM) by 3 h as did total ketone body production (1.5 +/- 0.4 to 2.2 +/- 0.4 mumol/kg-min) over the same time interval. Norepinephrine infusion to produce plasma levels of 447 +/- 86 pg/ml caused a sustained 50% rise in glycerol levels (66 +/- 17 to 99 +/- 15 mumol/L, P less than 0.05) and 53% rise in nonesterified fatty acids (0.53 +/- 0.07 to 0.81 +/- 0.15 mumol/L, P less than 0.05). Total ketone body levels rose by 43% (51 +/- 8 to 73 +/- 10 mumol/L) and ketone body production rose by a similar proportion (1.5 +/- 0.2 to 2.2 +/- 0.3 mumol/kg-min), changes that did not differ significantly from control animals. A similar increment in plasma epinephrine levels (75 +/- 15 to 475 +/- 60 pg/ml) caused glycerol levels to rise by 82% (105 +/- 23 to 191 +/- 26 mumol/L) in 30 min, but this rise was not sustained and the level fell to 146 +/- 14 mumol/L by 120 min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effect of epinephrine on glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in conscious overnight-fasted dogs.

The aim of this study was to assess the importance of epinephrine as a gluconeogenic hormone in the conscious 18-h-fasted dog. Glucose production ([3H]glucose turnover) and gluconeogenesis [( 14C]alanine conversion to [14C]glucose; and transhepatic gluconeogenic substrate balances) were assessed during epinephrine infusion (0.04 microgram X kg-1 X min-1). Insulin and glucagon were fixed at basal levels (13 +/- 1 microU/ml and 138 +/- 16 pg/ml, respectively) using a pancreatic clamp [somatostatin (0.8 microgram X kg-1 X min-1) plus intraportal insulin (233 microU X kg-1 X min-1) and glucagon (0.65 ng X kg-1 X min-1)]. Plasma epinephrine levels increased to 424 +/- 48 pg/ml. Glucose production increased rapidly (15 min) from 2.7 +/- 0.3 to 3.7 +/- 0.4 mg X kg-1 X min-1 (P less than 0.01) but then returned to base line (2 h). The plasma glucose level rose progressively from 115 +/- 16 to 160 +/- 16 mg/dl (P less than 0.01) at 3 h, whereas glucose clearance fell by 28% (P less than 0.05). Plasma alanine rose from 340 +/- 20 to 497 +/- 50 microM, and blood lactate increased from 640 +/- 135 to 1,910 +/- 241 microM. Net hepatic alanine and lactate uptake increased to maxima of 4.0 +/- 0.3 and 9.3 +/- 2.0 mumol X kg-1 X min-1, respectively. The conversion of alanine to glucose increased by a maximum of 163 +/- 56% (vs. 49 +/- 16% in controls not given epinephrine), whereas the efficiency with which the liver converted alanine to glucose rose by 84 +/- 27% (vs. 82 +/- 12% in controls not given epinephrine).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Radiological and ultrasonographic investigations with respect to patient selection and monitoring for chemical gallstone dissolution.

786 consecutive patients with suspected gallstones investigated radiologically and ultrasonographically, 231 (33.0%) were found to have stones. Radiological examinations showed that 59.3% of these were suitable for chemical dissolution with cheno- or ursodeoxycholic acid. The percentage of treatable patients fell from age 20 to age 65 from 71% to 48% (p less than 0.05) and then rose again to 61% (not significant). The benefit of litholysis is greater, the earlier it is begun. The results are in disagreement with those of two studies in operated patients. Here only 19-24% were suitable for stone dissolution. Comparative ultrasonographic and radiological studies in 23 patients have shown that monitoring of patients during litholysis can be carried out ultrasonographically. Stone size measured ultrasonographically corresponds sufficiently accurately with that obtained radiographically.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Modeling Balbiani Ring gene transcription with electron microscope tomography.

Cross-sectional views of mature regions of Balbiani Ring (BR) transcription loops were reconstructed by electron microscope tomography. Balsa wood models were built based upon the resulting tomograms. Coordinates of the centers of the ribonucleoprotein BR granules were estimated and employed to calculate the approximate orientation of the BR transcription unit axis in the plastic section. The density of BR granules per micron of transcription unit axis was estimated. Employing structural parameters for mature regions of BR transcription loops derived from present and previous studies, theoretical calculations were performed to examine potential steric restrictions around the central chromatin axis. Tomograms were also observed and photographed on a varifocal (vibrating) mirror to illustrate the utility of a rapid user-interactive 3-D display.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Dissociation of C1 and concentration dependence of its activation kinetics.

The activation of the zymogen C1s to the enzyme C1s in the human C1 complex [C1q(c1rC1s)2] was studied as a function of the concentrations of (C1rC1s)2 and C1q which were saturated with oligomers of rabbit IgG. A large concentration dependence of the sigmoidal kinetics was observed in the 2-180 nM concentration range. This was explained by association-dissociation equilibria between the antibody-saturated C1q and various forms of the (C1rC1s)2 complex (unactivated to activated). The establishment of these equilibria (binding constant 2 x 10(7) M-1) was assumed to be fast as compared to the rates of the activation steps (rate constants 10(-3) and 10(-2) sec-1 at 30 degrees C). The fast re-equilibration of the C1 complex explains the finding that small amounts of antibody-saturated C1q catalysed the activation of large amounts of C1s. The interpretation of the kinetic results was supported by a direct demonstration of the dissociation of C1 into C1q and (C1rC1s)2 by analytical and density gradient centrifugation. No difference was found between the rates of activation and the dissociation properties of reconstituted C1 and C1 isolated from serum.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1981

Foqus: a FORTRAN program for the quantitative analysis of x-ray spectra from thin biological specimens.

An online FORTRAN program for the quantitative analysis of energy dispersive X-ray spectra from thin biological specimens is presented. The methods of background suppression by digital filtering and peak deconvolution by linear least-squares fitting with measured peak profiles are used. The continuum quantitation method for spectra from thin biological sections as proposed by Hall is applied. The performance of the computer program, utilizing the facilities of a disk operating system, is demonstrated. The routines were optimized for speed, resulting in a run-time of less than 5 seconds on a 16 bit minicomputer for a full quantitation for 7 elements of an energy dispersive thin section X-ray spectrum, including an optional absorption correction. Since no assembly language subroutines are implemented, the restrictions for the use of the program with different computer systems are minimized.

Calibration↗
PubMed1980

Assembly of subcomponents C1r and C1s of first component of complement: electron microscopic and ultracentrifugal studies.

Monomeric C1s (Mr, 85,000; s20,w, 4.3S), a subcomponent of first component of complement (C1), the dimer (Mr, 170,000; s20,w, 6.7 S) of C1r, another subcomponent, and the tetrameric complex (C1r,C1s)2 (Mr, 340,000; s20,w, 8.7 S) are elongated molecules. Hydrodynamic equivalents of cylindrical shape have a diameter of 3.3 nm and lengths of 20 nm for C1s, 36 nm for (C1r)2, and 64 nm for (C1r,C1s)2. In electron micrographs the C1r,C1s complex appears as a chain composed of six to eight globular domains with a contour length of 51 nm. A structure is proposed in which (C1r)2 forms a core to which C1s protomers are associated at both ends. The C1 complex (s20,w, 16.3 S) reconstituted from C1q, C1r, and C1s dissociates under the conditions used for electron microscopy. Some features of the C1 complex are revealed in the dissociation products.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1980

The use of frozen-hydrated bulk specimens for x-ray microanalysis.

The recent development of versatile instrumentation has removed a serious obstacle for the use of frozen-hydrated bulk specimens in studies of biological problems. Methods for freezing, fracturing, mounting, etching, and coating are now known and offer a wide spectrum of technical possibilities to choose from for a particular application. However, progress in biological studies is still limited by the problems encountered during the analysis. In order to keep the X-ray source volume commensurate with the size of cells, low accelerating voltages have to be used. Poor peak to background ratios are, thereby, obtained and the sensitivity of the method is deteriorated. Superficial freeze-drying improves the peak to background ratios, but it is no expedient because of the difficulty in determining the degree of dehydration. The most serious problem is specimen charging which occurs even after coating. The degree of charging is not uniform, neither within the sample nor between specimen and standard. Therefore, the determination of relative concentrations becomes uncertain.

Electric Conductivity↗
PubMed1977

[Computed tomography of the pancreas (author's transl)].

The computed tomography gives direct visualisation of the pancreas in a transverse section. Form, size, and changed consistency of the organ can be diagnosed. Being a non-invasive technique it does not stress the patient, and can be applied to the severly ill with acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis. Other indications are chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic abscess, pseudo-cyst and cancer. The differential diagnosis of cancer, especially from chronic pancreatitis, may be difficult. Further methods of investigation such as arteriography or endoscopic retrograde pancreatography may also have to be used.

Abscess↗
PubMed1976

[Rare fistulation in enterocolitis regionalis (Crohn's disease) (author's transl)].

The transmural inflammation in Crohn's disease, the variable localization of the disease and the tendency to a descending spread, all lead to a multitude of possible fistulae, the presence of which is often difficult to demonstrate. This is a report on 5 unusual fistula systems: in 2 cases entero-enteral (one of which with hydronephrosis), 1 case of rectovaginal fistula, 1 case of a branched fistula system in the right buttock, 1 case of fistulae between an abscess system in the spleen "bed" and the greater curvature of the stomach. A radiological and endoscopic diagnosis is important since surgically opened fistula systems heal only with great difficulty or not at all.

Abscess↗
PubMed1976

[Biochemistry of benign-symmetrical lipomatosis (adenolipomatosis Launois-Bensaude, Madelung's disease)].

1. Total lipids, total cholesterol, cholesterol esters, phospholipids, triglycerides and free fatty acids as well as the fatty acids profiles of the different lipid classes were determined in serum, lipomatous and normal adipose tissue. Triglycerides were elevated in patient L's serum. The distribution of serum lipoproteins in this patient's serum showed a type IV according to Fredrickson. All other lipid parameters were within the normal range. Palmitoleic acid was increased nearly in all lipid fractions of the patients' sera as well as in the lipids of lipomatous subcutaneous adipose tissue. 2. The lipomatous adipose tissues of the patients showing no histological abnormalities revealed higher levels of cyclic AMP than normal subcutaneous adipose tissue. 3. Serum uric acid was normal (patient E.), between the normal and pathological range (patient L.) and elevated (patient W.). Urinary uric acid excretion was increased in all three patients. 4. 14C-glycine was overincorporated into urinary uric acid in all three patients. 5. Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase activities in the hemolysates were within the normal range. A decrease of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activities could be demonstrated in two patients' (e., w.) erythrocytes. Erythrocyte phosphoribosylpyrophate synthetase activity was slightly increased in patient L.'s and twice the normal value in patient W.'s erythrocytes.

Adult↗