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Biomedical subjects

H Fushimi

Publications and source records attributed to H Fushimi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

The changes of lacunar state during a 5-year period in NIDDM.

With the increment of the aged, primary and secondary prevention of cerebrovascular disease in the Japanese diabetics are crucial problems. Early detection of asymptomatic infarction, not rare in diabetics, is important in the view of cost benefits. Little is known about the development and progression of asymptomatic infarction. We investigated the number of lacuna during a period of 5 years in 51 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). At the initiation of this study, 22 patients were free from lacuna and another 29 patients had asymptomatic multiple lacunae. In the former patients, no risk factors were different between the 13 patients with still no lacuna and the nine patients with lacuna-developed after 5 years. In the latter patients, the 17 patients with worsening lacunar state had significantly higher systolic blood pressure, and a higher prevalence of macroalbuminuria than the 12 patients with no increment of lacuna. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that macroalbuminuria after 5 years was the only contributing factor to the increased lacuna. Therefore, in the NIDDM, macroalbuminuria induced an increase of lacuna in magnetic resonance imaging, although numbers of cases were relatively small. Prevention of the development of macroalbuminuria are essential to avoid the progression of asymptomatic lacuna.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Growth hormone].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1997

Multiple intramedullary spinal sarcoidosis: case report.

BACKGROUND: According to past reported cases, spinal intramedullary sarcoidosis has the radiologic characteristics of a single enhanced lesion with cord swelling. However, it is difficult to make a diagnosis using only radiologic examinations. Including our case, 20 cases have been reported of intramedullary spinal sarcoidosis. Only six cases were diagnosed as primary spinal sarcoidosis. We present a rare case of multiple spinal intramedullary sarcoidosis without cord swelling. CASE DESCRIPTION: This 63 year-old man was afflicted with progressive paraparesis and numbness of the lower extremities. Magnetic resonance imaging showed intramedullary lesions without cord swelling. The patient underwent biopsy for diagnosis and the specimen showed a noncaseating granuloma mainly composed of epitheloid cells. Postoperative corticosteroid therapy was effective and the lesion disappeared 1 month after the operation. CONCLUSIONS: Biopsy is a less invasive method and is useful for early diagnosis. Early diagnosis is important for spinal sarcoidosis so that high-dose corticosteroid therapy can be commenced while the lesion still has a good chance of being successfully treated.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Application of PCR-RFLP and MASA analyses on 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequence for the identification of three Ginseng drugs.

In order to develop convenient and reproducible methods for the identification of Ginseng drugs at a DNA level, PCR-Restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and Mutant allele specific amplification (MASA) analyses were applied, based on differences of the 18S rRNA gene sequence among three Panax species. The PCR product of each species on the 18S rRNA gene was digested with the restriction enzymes Ban II and Dde I. Each fragment gave unique electrophoretic profiles for each species (PCR-RFLP analysis). The extracted DNA of each species was amplified by PCR using a designed species-specific oligonucleotide primer. The expected size of the fragments corresponding to each species were detected only when the optimum temperature and reaction time for annealing and extension were established (MASA analysis). These two analytical methods were carried out on three Ginseng drugs and the same results as in their original plants were obtained. The results suggest that PCR-RFLP and MASA analyses under the established conditions are convenient for identifying three Ginseng drugs. Moreover, to insure completion of the identification, a partial sequence of the plastid gene matK was determined in addition to the 18S rRNA gene. The gene sequences of three Panax species were of 1259 base pairs and that of P. quinquefolius was different from the other two at nucleotide position 102.

Panax↗
PubMed1997

Preclinical Cushing's syndrome due to adrenocorticotropin-independent bilateral adrenocortical macronodular hyperplasia with concurrent excess of gluco- and mineralocorticoids.

A 48-year-old with bilateral adrenal incidentalomas was studied. Although the serum cortisol level was normal, autonomous cortisol secretion was shown by the loss of diurnal rhythm, no suppressibility by dexamethasone, and complete suppression of plasma adrenocorticotropin levels. Imaging analyses revealed bilateral adrenal masses, showing isotope uptake. He was diagnosed as preclinical Cushing's syndrome due to adrenocorticotropin-independent bilateral adrenocortical macronodular hyperplasia, confirmed histologically. Despite the undetectable plasma adrenocorticotropin level and renin activity, serum mineralocorticoids levels were not suppressed, which were decreased after subtotal adrenalectomy. It was suggested that hyperplastic adrenal glands could produce both gluco- and mineralocorticoids concomitantly.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1996

Histologic changes in small cell lung carcinoma after treatment.

BACKGROUND: Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) has been divided into three subtypes: pure SCLC, mixed small cell/large cell carcinoma (mixed SC/LC), and combined SCLC. Patients with mixed SC/LC show a worse prognosis than those with pure SCLC. METHODS: Persistence of histologic subtype in SCLC in the primary sites during the course of treatment or in the different organs at autopsy was examined. For this purpose, biopsy or cytologic specimens before chemotherapy, and autopsy specimens from 175 patients with SCLC were reviewed. They included 147 (84%) men and 28 (16%) women with an age range of 29-83 (median, 65) years. RESULTS: The frequency of mixed SC/LC in the primary sites was statistically higher in autopsy (14.3%) than that in biopsy or cytology specimens (8.6%) (P < 0.05). At autopsy, involved organs were categorized into two groups according to frequency of appearance of mixed SC/LC, i.e., a higher frequency group, including the liver (31 of 85; 36.4%), adrenal gland (15 of 56; 26.8%), brain (6 of 9; 66.7%), and extrathoracic lymph nodes (17 of 59; 28.8%) and a lower frequency group, including the lung (metastatic sites) (12 of 102; 11.8%), pleura (8 of 74; 10.8%), and intrathoracic lymph nodes (12 of 94; 12.8%). The difference in frequency between these two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that primary pure SCLC can progress to mixed SC/LC with an increased potential for distant metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Increased frequency of HLA DR13 in hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal ALT levels.

The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between human leukocyte antigen DR allele distribution and the degree of liver cell injury of hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers in Japan. The subjects, 68 HCV carriers, were divided into two groups according to the laboratory data and liver histology. Those in the asymptomatic carrier group (n = 19) had normal ALT levels persistently for 8-153 months (mean 25.7 months) and were diagnosed histologically as normal liver, nonspecific reactive hepatitis or chronic persistent hepatitis. Those in the chronic active hepatitis group (n = 49) had elevated ALT levels and were diagnosed histologically with chronic active hepatitis. The human leukocyte antigen DR alleles of all subjects were defined using the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The expression of human leukocyte antigen class I antigen and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 on the hepatocyte membrane were also examined in 14 patients from each group using an indirect immunohistochemical method. The frequency of DR13 (42.1%) in the asymptomatic carrier group was significantly higher (Pc < 0.003) than that of the chronic active hepatitis group (4.1%). There were no significant differences for the other DR alleles. The frequencies of expression of human leukocyte antigen class I antigen and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 on the hepatocyte membrane of the asymptomatic carrier group were significantly less than those of the chronic hepatitis group (64% vs. 100% P < 0.05, 29% vs. 71% P < 0.05, respectively), although there was no significant difference in the serum HCV-RNA titer between the two groups (10(6.4 +/- 1.1) vs. 10(6.5 +/- 0.7) copies/mL). These results demonstrate that the cellular immune response of the asymptomatic carrier group is less activated than the response of the chronic active hepatitis group and that HLA DR13 may be closely associated with this low activity of hepatitis among HCV carriers.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Sclerosis of lytic metastatic bone lesions during treatment with pamidronate in a patient with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site.

Pamidronate disodium is a second-generation biphosphonate, a group of compounds that are being used increasingly to inhibit bone resorption in disorders that are characterized by excessive bone loss such, as hypercalcemia of malignancy, osteoporosis, and Paget's disease. The precise mechanisms whereby bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption are still not completely understood. Pamidronate has previously been reported to induce sclerosis of lytic bone metastases in patients with breast cancer. We have had a similar experience in a patient with multiple bone metastases due to adenocarcinoma of unknown primary site who developed massive consolidation of lytic bone lesions after therapeutic infusions of pamidronate, leading to a satisfactory quality of life.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Asymptomatic multiple lacunae in diabetics and non-diabetics detected by brain magnetic resonance imaging.

We investigated the relationship between asymptomatic multiple lacunae (ASML) and related risk factors by using brain MRI in 209 patients including 152 NIDDM patients. Patients with ASML (97 cases) were significantly older (68 +/- 9 vs. 63 +/- 10) and hypertension was more frequent (57/97 vs. 33/112) than in patients without ASML. In addition, by multivariate analysis, ASML showed significant association with aging and hypertension, but not with NIDDM. In the NIDDM patients, diabetics with ASML were significantly older, and showed a higher association with hypertension and triopathy than those without ASML, although the results were the same for the middle-aged (< 65 years old) diabetics. From multivariate analysis, the lesions in the penetrating branch area were highly associated with hypertension (F = 8.46) and nephropathy (F = 4.75), while those in the subcortex and white matter were associated with aging (F = 6.02) and retinopathy (F = 5.15). In the middle-aged diabetics, the former was associated with hypertension (F = 10.72) and retinopathy (F = 13.32), whereas the latter was associated with retinopathy (F = 20.76). In the elderly diabetics, no significant association was found in either lesions. These results suggest that control of hypertension and prevention of microangiopathy by keeping good control of blood glucose, is essential to prevent asymptomatic lacunae in NIDDM patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

Abnormal vasoreaction of peripheral arteries to cold stimulus of both hands in diabetics.

Abnormal vasoreactions of peripheral arteries to cold stimulus of both hands were studied in controls and NIDDM patients by measuring changes of toe skin temperatures using thermography, and compared with thickness and calcification of wall and inner diameters of popliteal and dorsal pedal arteries using B mode ultrasonic imaging. Cold stimulated vasoreactions were divided into four patterns: (1) normal type (skin temperature going up and down within 1 degree C on the basal line), (2) increasing type (temperature going up), (3) decreasing type (temperature going down) and (4) flat type (no change of temperature). The difference in patterns was suggested to be related to the degree of atherosclerotic changes of the dorsal pedal artery obtained from the ultrasonic studies. The mechanism of abnormal vasoreactions of arteries with atherosclerosis is not clear, but cold stimulated thermography may be a useful tool in evaluating the state of peripheral atherosclerosis.

Arteries↗
PubMed1996

18S ribosomal RNA gene sequences of three Panax species and the corresponding ginseng drugs.

Total DNA was extracted from the fresh underground parts of three Panax separate species. The 18S rRNA regions of extracted DNA were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and their sequences were determined. In each species, the sequences were found to be of 1809 base pairs (bps) but with different gene sequences. Different base substitutions were observed at nucleotide positions 497, 499, 501 and 712. The same procedure was performed on commercial samples of Ginseng Radix, Panacis Japonici Rhizoma and American Ginseng. Each sequence completely corresponded with that of each original plant, namely P. ginseng, P. japonicus and P. quinquefolius, respectively. This is the first time that 18S rRNA gene sequencing on Panax species was carried out. Previously, Ginseng drugs have been identified mainly by their external and internal structure. Thus this method will be useful in identifying Ginseng drugs at the gene level.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Anorexia nervosa with recurrent hypoglycemic coma and cerebral hemorrhage.

A 22-year-old woman with anorexia nervosa showed recurrent hypoglycemic coma and cerebral hemorrhage (Weber's syndrome). She also showed marked liver dysfunction. However, the liver damage was unlikely the main cause of these complications, because liver function tests were improved, and platelet count and prothrombin time were normal when cerebral bleeding occurred. These complications could be induced by her severe malnutrition. Although she rejected any nutritional support before cerebral hemorrhage, she began to accept glucose infusion after the episode, and psychiatric and nutritional states were apparently improved. Cerebral hemorrhage was a turning point in her disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Asymptomatic cerebral small infarcts (lacunae), their risk factors and intellectual disturbances.

This study examines the relationship between cerebral small infarcts (lacunae) and the multiple risk factors of diabetes, age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis in asymptomatic NIDDM patients and nondiabetic subjects by comparing brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings to these risk factors. Brain MRI was performed on 155 asymptomatic NIDDM and 39 asymptomatic nondiabetic patients, using a Shimazu SMT-150, 1.5-T instrument. Among the diabetic patients, 65 showed evidence of lacunae. The incidence of lacunae was significantly higher in older diabetic patients, but it did not significantly differ in those with or without the risk factors of atherosclerosis. We also correlated the results of a freehand cube-drawing test with the incidence of lacunae. Cube-drawing is a good indicator of spatial cognition ability supported by wide association areas of the brain. Drawing ability was tested in 56 diabetic and 39 nondiabetic subjects. Correlations of lacuna incidence with deformity in drawing and with age were high in the diabetic group. Correlation of lacunae with deformity in drawing was also significant in nondiabetic subjects. The incidence of lacunae was highly correlated with intellectual impairment.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

Accumulation of hydroxyapatite in the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat fed a low-zinc diet.

Calcification occurred in the kidney of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats fed a low-zinc diet. The deposits were stained by the von Kossa method and were detected intracellularly in the tubular cells, mainly in the cortico-medullar region. The deposits were found to be a heterogenous substance on electron microscopy. There were various sizes of deposits, and the surfactant was very much distorted. Many deposits grew up to bind small particles, and the core-like substance was observed in the center of the deposit. The component of the deposit was analyzed by an X-ray microanalyzer, and was found to be calcium and phosphorus. The ratio of calcium to phosphorus was 2.159, which coincided with the ratio of standard hydroxyapatite. From these observations, the deposit is believed to be hydroxyapatite. It is thought that the core is formed at first, many particles are then bound to the core, and deposits grow up.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on diabetic osteopenia.

To evaluate the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are polyunsaturated fatty acids, on diabetic osteopenia, we measured the bone fragility in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The fragility of femur was increased in diabetic rats, which was prevented in part by EPA or DHA. Moreover, EPA prevented osteopenia even in diabetic rats fed a low zinc feed, which was a potent accelerator of diabetic osteopenia. Plasma alkaline phosphatase activity and parathyroid hormone level showed no difference between the two groups of diabetic rats with or without EPA. Urinary excretion of calcium and phosphate was increased and plasma inorganic phosphate level was high in diabetic rats, suggesting severe mineral loss. In diabetic rats fed EPA, although urinary and plasma calcium levels did not change significantly, urinary phosphate excretion and plasma inorganic phosphate concentration were slightly lowered, which suggested that EPA may have an effect in suppressing phosphate release from bones in diabetic rats. These data suggest that EPA and DHA could be effective on diabetic osteopenia, but to elucidate the precise mechanisms, further examinations will be needed.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1995

IDF Member Associations' activities presented in the 15th IDF Congress Exhibition.

IDF Member Associations' activities were presented in the 15th IDF Congress Exhibition held at Port Island, Kobe, Japan from November 7 to November 11, 1994. The purpose of the exhibition was to inform members of the progress on patient education, guidance of diet and exercise treatment, the compliance situation on self-monitoring of blood glucose, self-injection of insulin, etc., in each association. A total of 31 associations including 17 from outside Japan and 14 from Japan participated in this exhibition. An exhibition theme was not designated to foreign associations. However, in order to avoid a similar content of exhibitions from the Japanese associations, a specific theme was assigned to each association. From these exhibitions we can comprehend the present status of the activities of all the diabetic associations in the world. Especially, an enthusiasm for patient and co-medical staff education in each association was clearly recognized. The total number of visitors including the commercial exhibition during the Congress reached about 17000 people.

Diabetes Mellitus↗