This article discussed on overall concept of the etiology of arch-length loss, general indications and contraindications for Functional Space Maintenance and described in detail the methods for constructing a Fixed Functional Space Maintainer utilizing stainless steel crowns for abutments and pontics.

Dental Arch↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Managing the crying child patient.

All crying is learned, and maintained through modeling, suggestion, reinforcement, and incompatible behavior. These same principles can be applied to changing crying-behavior into relaxed and cooperative behavior in children.

Behavior Therapy↗