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Biomedical subjects

H G Parsons

Publications and source records attributed to H G Parsons.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The effect of nutritional rehabilitation on whole body protein metabolism of children with cystic fibrosis.

The effect of an increased energy and protein intake was studied on the whole body protein metabolism of 4- to 9-yr-old children with cystic fibrosis. The study was divided into an initial 1-yr period, followed by a treatment period of the same length. Rates of protein turnover were determined using a [15N]glycine label and the Picou and Taylor-Roberts model. The children had significantly higher intakes during the treatment year and grew faster. Nitrogen retention and utilization were significantly increased during the treatment year (p less than 0.01). There were no changes seen in whole body amino nitrogen flux, or protein synthesis rates. However, protein breakdown rates were significantly reduced during the treatment period, with the result that net anabolism (synthesis-breakdown) was increased (p less than 0.05). The protein synthesis rates of about 6 g/kg/day were similar to those reported for healthy children of the same age. It was concluded that the changes in protein turnover seen were in response to the nutritional intervention and not to the children's basic genetic disease process.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

Energy needs and growth in children with cystic fibrosis.

Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) frequently have growth retardation. Standard growth velocity is dependent on an adequate supply of energy. The effect of dietary counselling and high energy food supplementation on the growth of eight children (aged 4 to 9 years) with CF was determined. The 2-year study was divided into control and test periods each lasting 1 year. Only during the test period did the mean energy intake reach or exceed 100% of the recommended energy requirements. When energy intake increased, weight growth increased significantly (p less than 0.05). Even with pancreatic enzyme replacement, the CF subjects had increased fecal energy losses. Thus, since dietary energy intake would overestimate energy available for metabolism, absorbed energy was determined. There was a positive linear relationship between absorbed energy and weight gain (p less than 0.01). Normal rates of weight gain were seen once absorbed energy intakes reached 100-110% of requirements. The children grew in height and weight at normal rates during the test period, whereas they showed retarded growth during the control period. Our data provide evidence that children with CF have inadequate energy intakes. Furthermore, we have shown that absorbed energy intake is the principal factor limiting the growth of CF children in the age group studied. Finally, it is possible to promote normal growth in CF children with dietary counselling and high energy supplements.

Body Height↗
PubMed1983

Diurnal variation in urine [15N]urea content, estimates of whole body protein turnover, and isotope recycling in healthy meal-fed children with cystic fibrosis.

The pattern of urinary urea excretion and labelling with 15N was examined in eight meal-fed 6 to 9 year old children, over a 3-day period using a simulated constant infusion of the label. The children had cystic fibrosis but were healthy and in a good nutritional status at the time of the study. Reciprocal diurnal patterns of urea excretion and [15N]urea enrichment were noted and found to be suitable for mathematical description. Urea excretion was maximal in the evening at approximately 2000 and minimal at 0800, whereas the [15N]urea enrichment was maximal at about 0800 and minimal at 2000. In addition to the diurnal variation the [15N]urea enrichment increased exponentially to a plateau or isotopic steady state. The diurnal variation in [15N]urea enrichment resulted in large diurnal changes in the calculated rates of whole body amino nitrogen flux, synthesis, and breakdown. Flux rates were approximately 44% higher in the evening than in the morning. Synthesis rates were 19% higher in the evening, whereas breakdown rates were 27% greater in the morning. Mean amino nitrogen flux rates were 1.28 (SD 0.13) . g N . kg-1 . day-1. Isotope recycling was estimated from the slope of the [15N]urea enrichment curve between 30 and 54 h from the start of the study. There was a wide range in recycling, 2.9 - 19.4% (mean 11.4, SD 5.4). Some of the biological and pharmacological importance of the diurnal variation in the protein metabolism is discussed.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1980

The effect of an energy-restricted diet on the protein metabolism of obese adolescents: nitrogen-balance and whole-body nitrogen turnover.

1. The effect of an energy-restricted (46 kJ day-1 kg-1), adequate protein diet (1.47 g day-1 kg-1) on the nitrogen metabolism of five obese rapidly growing adolescents (two males and three females) was assessed by means of nitrogen-balance measurements and determination of whole-body nitrogen turnover. 2. The energy-restricted diet had no significant effect on nitrogen balance (P more than 0.1) for the entire group when compared with the control dietary intake; however, significant (P less than 0.01) differences in nitrogen balance were noted among individuals at each dietary interval. 3. Mean values for whole-body nitrogen turnover, protein synthesis and breakdown for the control period were: 45.5 +/- 13.2 mg of nitrogen day-1 kg-1, and 5.72 +/- 1.96 and 5.74 +/- 1.92 g of protein day-1 kg-1 respectively. These values are 82% of those measured in infants. 4. Reducing the mean non-protein energy intake to 20 kJ day-1 kg-1 had no significant effect on whole-body nitrogen turnover, protein syn;thesis or protein breakdown. 5. The results are discussed in relation to the regulation of whole-body nitrogen metabolism, by dietary protein and energy intakes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Intestinal lymphangiectasia and colonic polyps: surgical intervention.

A 36-mo-old boy with Milroy's Disease, intestinal lymphangiectasia, and an exudative enteropathy (EE), was shown to have four colonic polyps. A large adenomatous polyp was excised from the transverse colon in an effort to control his EE and hypoalbuminemia (1.95 g/dl). His clinical status then stabilized until age 50 mo when there was a marked exacerbation of his EE. Medical management resulted in a temporary stabilization of his condition. A partial resection (40 cm) of the visually worse affected jejunum was performed. There was no improvement in the EE as measured by 51Cr-tagged albumin study; however, his clinical response was dramatic. In the 10 mo since surgery, he has been well and has shown catchup in linear growth.

Child, Preschool↗