PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Gaertner

Publications and source records attributed to H Gaertner.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Health care of the rural population in the Cracow region during 1985-1989].

The paper presents the structure and effects of the rural public health service in the Cracow region during the period of 1985-1989 with a short description of its demographic situation. The numbers and indexes concerning medical workers (especially general practitioners, stomatologists, pediatricians and gynecologists) as well as their services demonstrate a deterioration in the efficiency of the regional rural health service. This deterioration depends on the negative changes in the general condition of the country and Cracow region, of the population and public health service. The regional data are compared with the data of the whole of Poland and its other rural regions. The authors indicate principal directions in the reform of the public health service.

Health Care Reform↗
PubMed1992

[Blood-group systems ABO and RH in the Kenyan population].

The retrospective study was carried out in 38,898 healthy adult blood donors of both sexes, recruited mainly from Nairobi area in Kenya. The percentage proportions of blood groups were: group 0-47.4, group A-26.2, group B-22.0 and group AB-4.4. In all the samples, there were 96.1% Rh (D) positive blood donors. Among these were 0.75% subjects with Rh (D) variant antigen Du positive. Rh (D) negative was only 3.9% among the blood donors. There is a real preponderance of the blood group 0 over the blood groups A, B and especially AB as well as Rh (D) positive over Rh (D) negative. The authors found following frequencies of genes: p(A)0.168, q(B)0.142, r(0)0.690, D positive 0.804, D negative 0.196 and compare their own results with the data of other investigators concerning other Kenyan and African populations.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1990

Subtilisin-catalysed peptide synthesis and transesterification in organic solvents.

Subtilisin from Bacillus subtilis was modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG), or adsorbed either on celite or porous glass, or directly used as a suspended powder to catalyse peptide synthesis and transesterification reactions in organic solvents. The rather low yield of peptide synthesis probably resulted from the enzyme tendency to catalyse hydrolysis and transesterification side reactions. The kinetics of transesterification catalysed by PEG-subtilisin was consistent with a ping-pong mechanism modified by a hydrolytic branch. Initial rates of transesterification were found to be dependent on alcohol and organic base concentrations in the reaction mixture. The high affinity of benzyloxycarbonyl-L-serine-methyl ester as compared to benzyloxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanine-methyl ester for the enzyme indicated that a change in substrate specificity of subtilisin occurred in organic phase. The 50-fold increase in the rate of synthesis of benzyloxycarbonyl-L-serine-L-phenylalanine amide which was observed when PEG-subtilisin was used instead of immobilized or powdered enzyme, suggested that a higher flexibility of the polypeptide chain modified by the covalent attachment of a number of soluble PEG moieties occurred in organic solvents. This also resulted in a lower stability of PEG-subtilisin at high temperature.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1990

Intestinal glycosyl-transferase activities. Nutritional regulation by a chemically-modified protein: methionyl-casein.

In order to estimate the effect of a chemically modified casein, glycosylation processes were studied in rats fed a diet containing this protein. Two groups of rats were fed either a methionyl-casein diet or a normal casein diet. The methionyl-casein was enriched in methionine by covalent linkage of this amino-acid. The nutritional data (growth, protein intake...) were not modified by the diet. The microsomal N-acetylgalactosaminyl- and fucosyl-transferase activities were unaffected by the diet. On the contrary, the soluble fucosyl-transferase activity was enhanced and the activation of fucose transfer in cytosol from methionyl-casein-diet fed rats disappeared after enzyme purification by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The activation was not explained by changes in some interfering reactions (glycosyl-nucleotide pyrophosphatase, oxidase, protease activities).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Kinetics and specificity of serine proteases in peptide synthesis catalyzed in organic solvents.

Initial rates of peptide-bond synthesis catalyzed by poly(ethylene glycol)-modified chymotrypsin in benzene were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Enzymatic synthesis of N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-L-phenylalanine amide from N-benzoyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester and L-phenylalanine amide was found to obey Michaelis-Menten kinetics an to be consistent with a ping-pong mechanism modified by a hydrolytic branch. The catalytic activity of modified chymotrypsin was dependent on both water concentration and type of organic solvent, the highest synthesis rate being obtained in toluene. Since the chymotrypsin specificity in the organic phase was actually altered, the enzyme's apparent kinetic parameters were determined for different substrates and compared to those obtained with other serine proteases in benzene. Both N-benzoyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester and N-alpha-benzoyl-L-lysine methyl ester were comparable acyl donors in benzene and the (kcat/Km)app value of modified chymotrypsin was only 10-fold smaller than that obtained with poly(ethylene glycol)-modified trypsin in the synthesis of N-alpha-benzoyl-L-lysyl-L-phenylalanine amide. The change in chymotrypsin specificity was also confirmed through the binding of trypsin inhibitors in benzene. The overall results suggest that hydrophobic bonding between the enzyme and its substrate should not be taken into account during catalysis in the organic phase. In general, if hydrophobic interactions are involved in the binding of substrates to the active site in aqueous media, the replacement of water by hydrophobic solvents will induce some change in enzyme specificity. Moreover, secondary residues of enzyme-binding sites may also exert a significant influence on specificity since, as observed in this study, chymotrypsin exhibited high affinity for cationic substrates and cationic inhibitors as well in apolar solvents.

Chymotrypsin↗
PubMed1989

[Results of internal-medical examinations of the population from the region of a rural health center in Wielka Wieś-BiaŁy KościóŁ].

Among 250 adults (120 male farmers-workers and 130 female farmers) belonging to the population of a village near Krakow, 153 (61%) were recognized sick (67 men--56% and 86 women--66%). Most frequent diseases concerned: the circulation (30% arterial hypertension), digestion (18%, peptic ulcer 14%), respiration (14% mainly bronchial chronic inflammations and asthma), locomotion (11% degenerative joint changes), neuroses (10%) and urogenital system (8.4%). Some cases of neoplasms (3.2%), parasitism (2.8%) and bone fractures caused by professional traumas (2.8%) were registered. The diseases of digestion and respiration were more frequent in men, arterial hypertension, neuroses, urogenital and locomotion diseases more common in women. Arterial hypertension and peptic ulcer afflicted persons over 30, the degenerative joint changes the individuals over 45 years of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Amitriptyline and oxaprotiline in the treatment of hospitalized depressive patients. Clinical aspects, psychophysiology, and drug plasma levels.

Amitriptyline (AT) and the noradrenaline reuptake inhibiting antidepressant oxaprotiline (OT = hydroxymaprotiline) were compared in 59 primary depressive inpatients in a 4-week double blind parallel group design. In the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and 2 self-rating scales AT proved to be more efficient than OT, mainly with respect to disturbances of appetite and sleep. Agitated patients receiving OT needed more additional tranquilizing medication. The number of side-effects did not differ. Both drugs increased heart rate and skin resistance level (SRL) to about the same degree and did not influence the number of spontaneous fluctuations of SRL, habituation of SRL orienting responses (OR), frequencies of respiration and blinking. Salivation was temporarily more impaired by AT. All physiological variables differed between patients and 30 healthy controls during the whole 4-week trial. Clinical outcome showed a linear relation to OT plasma levels. For AT a therapeutic window was confirmed for concentrations of AT and its metabolite nortriptyline between 125 and 200 ng/ml. Patients whose SRL-OR habituated rapidly had a better outcome than slow habituators. Urinary excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol was lower in patients than in controls but could not predict outcome with either drug.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1986

Prostacyclin in patients with peptic gastric ulcers--a placebo controlled study.

A double-blind study on prostacyclin (5 ng/kg/min infused i.v. for 5 hrs per day during 6 consecutive days) for the treatment of peptic gastric ulcers was carried out in thirty patients (15 prostacyclin, 15 placebo). Gastroscopy and its scoring was performed 1-2 days before the treatment, as well as a day and a week after the course of treatment was completed. Basal acid output (BAO) and pentagastrin stimulated release of gastric acid (maximum acid output MAO; peak acid output PAO) were measured before the treatment, during the third infusion, and one day after all the infusions had been completed. At the same time the basal release of bicarbonate into gastric juice was determined. Prostacyclin significantly accelerated healing of the ulcers at the end point of the study. Simultaneously, in the prostacyclin-treated patients an increase in bicarbonate release into gastric juice was noted, although the acidity of gastric juice was not changed. Our study shows a cytoprotective action of prostacyclin on a damaged human gastric mucosa.

Adult↗