PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Gastpar

Publications and source records attributed to H Gastpar.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Studies on vasoocclusive crisis of sickle cell disease. I. Effect of pentoxifylline.

A method was developed to induce and continuously monitor vasoocclusive crisis of sickle cell disease in non-human primates. Pentoxifylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitory agent, showed significant preventive effect. This may be based on its ability to increase intracellular cAMP levels and consequently to decrease platelet aggregation and to increase red cell deformability.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1979

[Clinical experiences with a human fibrin adhesive in head and neck surgery (author's transl)].

Clinical experiences in a timespan of two and a half years with a human fibrinogen concentrate in head and neck surgery are reported. In 49 patients with different bleeding disorders tonsillectomies, adenectomies and nasal dermoplasties (Osler's disease) were carried out. In these cases primary hemostasis due to the fibrin adhesive combined with an allogenic collagen implant could be obtained without any subsitution of the deficient blood clotting factors. In all these cases no complications could be observed. In other 193 cases which underwent a surgical treatment in the head and neck region (frontobasal and laterobasal fractures, rupture of the carotid artery, closure of perforations of the nasal septum and oroantral fistulas, different methods of skinmucosa- and nerve-grafting) the fibrin adhesive was successfully used.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMed1978

[Inhibition of cancer cell stickiness, a model for the testing of in vivo thrombocyte aggregation inhibitors. IV. Effect of sulfinpyrazone].

It has been shown that sulfinpyrazone is able to interfere with the dynamic interaction between sticky Walker-256-carcinosarcoma cells and the vascular endothelium. This effect is due to a dose-dependent inhibition of platelet adhesiveness and aggregation to sticky circulating tumor cells and their consequent attachment to the vascular endothelium as observed by means of intravital capillary microscopy in the mesentery of rats. Further proof of these investigations was that sulfinpyrazone led to a dose-dependent inhibition of the immediate drop of circulating platelets and reduced significantly the lethal pulmonary tumor cell embolism which occurred in 57.5% of the controls within 5-10 minutes after intravenous transplantation of 1 X 10(6) Walker-256-carcinosarcoma cells. These results are interpreted in an inhibition of platelet adhesiveness and aggregation in vivo by sulfinpyrazone.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Tonsillectomy in patients with bleeding disorders].

When injury of a major vessel can be ruled out as the cause of bleeding after tonsillectomy, a discrete disturbance of hemostasis must be considered. These are mainly slight thrombopathies or a pathologically increased fibrinolysis, which were not detected by routine tests and the past history. In former times severe bleeding disorders were a strict contra-indication for tonsillectomy. Under the supposition of an exact coagulogram and the substitution of highly purified factor concentrates the risk of severe post-tonsillectomy hemorrhages in such patients today is nearly the same as in patients with a normal hemostase.

Antifibrinolytic Agents↗
PubMed1977

Platelet-cancer cell interaction in metastasis formation: a possible therapeutic approcach to metastasis prophylaxis.

The mechanism of the early stage of metastasis formation by sticky blood-born cancer cells is discussed. Abnormal platelet aggregation to circulating and lodged cancer cells, as well as alterations of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis play an important role. The reducing effect of several platelet aggregation inhibitors on cancer cell stickiness and tumor embolism mortality has been investigated in rats after intravenous transplantation of 1 X 10(6) Walker-256 carcinosarcoma cells. The tested substances diminished platelet aggregation to circulating cancer cells, leading to a dose-dependent inhibition of cancer cell lodgment to the endothelium. Furthermore, some of the substances prevented lethal pulmonary tumor cell embolism which was observed in 60% of the controls. These results are interpreted by assuming an inhibition of disseminated intravascular coagulation which occured after intravenous transplantation of Walker-256 carcinosarcoma. On this basis a clinical long-term study for metastasis prophylaxis was started more than 4 years ago with one of the tested substances, the dipyridamole derivative RA 233, in 40 patients with sarcoma or malignant lymphoma of the head and neck region. The provisional results obtained in matched pairs are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[About tumor cell findings in the peripheral venous blood, blood-borne metastases and the incidence of thromboembolic episodes in patients with carcinoma of various localisations (author's transl)].

In a retrospective study the frequency distribution of positive screenings for free-floating cancer cells in the peripheral venous blood of patients with cancers of the larynx, the abdomen and the lung was related to the frequency of blood-borne metastases and the incidence of thromboembolic episodes within 5 years of observation. Carcinomas of the larynx which were characterized by a very low frequency of blood-borne metastases are related with a high level of free-floating cancer cells in the venous blood. In contrast abdominal and lung cancers have a high frequency of blood-borne metastases, but a lower level of circulating cancer cells in the peripheral venous blood. Also there is a significant correlation between the initial presence of circulating cancer cells and the incidence of thromboembolic episodes in patients with abdominal and lung cancers, in contrast to patient with cancers of the larynx who lack this coincidence. On the basis of our observation we assume that the circulating tumor cells of the patients with abdominal and lung cancers have a high stickiness, therefore displaying a strong tendency to attach to the vascular endothelium. Only lodged cancer cells are able to penetrate the vessel wall and to develop metastases in the interstitial tissue. Remote and more or less generalized effects of cancer on blood coagulation are observed. In certain instances a disseminated intravascular coagulation results, almost exclusively due to remote effects of clotting factors elaborated by cancer cells, sometimes leading to micro- or macrothrombosis.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1976

[Complications during and following tonsillectomy].

Not considering the complications due to anesthesia, postoperative hemorrhage is certainly the most frequent complication following tonsillectomy. When injury of a major vessel can be ruled out as the cause of bleeding, a discrete disturbance of hemostasis must be considered. These are mainly thrombocytopathies or a pathologically increased fibrinolysis which were not detected by routine tests and the past history. Preoperatively one should ask for more or less regular use of analgesics containing salicylates which should not be administered postoperatively. The worst attitude is case of a post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage is to do nothing or to rely on non-specific measures hoping that the bleeding will stop anyway.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Study of platelet aggregation in vivo i. Effect of bencyclan.

A 20mu diameter pore size screen was inserted into an arterio-venous bypass system in heparinized stumptailed monkeys. ADP and serotonin injection resulted in aggregation of platelets on the screen and consecutive increase in pre-screen pressure and decrease in post-screen pressure. From these changes an "aggregation index" was calculated. Bencyclan in doses of 0.5-15 mg/kg inhibited platelet aggregation in vivo. Doses of 20 mg/kg or above showed some hemolytic effect, no other undesirable effects were seen.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗