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Biomedical subjects

H Gerhard

Publications and source records attributed to H Gerhard.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Use of TAO without methylprednisolone in the treatment of severe asthma.

The antimicrobial agent troleandomycin (TAO) has been shown to be effective in reducing corticosteroid requirements in patients with corticosteroid-dependent asthma. To our knowledge, the efficacy of TAO without concomitant use of corticosteroids has never been documented. We report the case of a 12-year-old patient with corticosteroid-dependent asthma who has remained asymptomatic and without any evidence of pulmonary deterioration during treatment with TAO without concomitant use of corticosteroids.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: a possible sequel of NO2 exposure.

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis was diagnosed via bronchoscopy in a patient. There was no previous history of inhalation dust exposure. NO2 has been implicated in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis development in animal models. In this case, the diffusion capacity was a sensitive indicator of the disease process.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Autonomic neuropathy in diabetics: comparison of cardiovascular tests, neurography, and cerebral refractory period of somatosensory evoked potentials.

Circulatory regulation tests--postural heart rate response (PHRR), Valsalva ratio, and reaction to sustained muscle exercise--, sural nerve neurography and cerebral refractory period (CRP) of median nerve evoked potentials were measured in 17 diabetic inpatients and correlated with their clinical signs of autonomic neuropathy (AN) and sensorimotor polyneuropathy (SN). Non-diabetic inpatients (without cardiovascular or related nervous disease) served as controls. The data of the diabetics and non-diabetic age- and sex-matched inpatients were significantly different for the PHHR measured by the 30:15 ratio, sural nerve conduction velocity and sural nerve refractory period, and CRP. The results correlated with the corresponding anamnestic signs. The PHRR showed abnormal values much more frequently than the sural nerve neurography or the CRP. No correlation was found between the signs of AN and those of SN or CRP. This stresses the need for a circulatory regulation test (preferably PHRR) in any diabetic when planning narcosis, as only these AN tests can reliably predict an increased cardiovascular risk in individual patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Herpetic tracheobronchitis.

Nine adult patients from three community teaching hospitals had bronchospasm unresponsive to standard therapy. Bronchoscopic, cytologic, histopathologic, and virologic studies confirmed that necrotizing and exudative tracheobronchitis was due to herpes simplex virus. No patient had a history of previous chronic lung disease; most were not immunocompromised. Three patients never had intubation during hospitalization. All patients were successfully treated with intravenous acyclovir. Herpetic tracheobronchitis may be a commoner clinical syndrome than generally assumed. In an elderly patient with unresolving acute bronchospasm, herpesvirus infection of the lower respiratory tract should be considered in the differential diagnosis. In the immunocompetent host, antiviral therapy can successfully treat herpesvirus respiratory infection, with reversal of clinical, virologic, and pathologic findings. A prompt and accurate diagnosis is crucial.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1988

[Data processing in neurophysiology: an automatic program for the assessment of dual stimulus responses in somatosensory evoked potentials].

An automatic programme is presented for evaluating somatosensory evoked potentials after double stimuli. The advantage of the programme is the computer-assisted procedure, the possibility of effecting changes at any time, and the imaging of both subtraction and addition curves. A variation of the programme for other modalities is possible.

Electric Stimulation↗
PubMed1987

[Recurrent meningitis in familial deficiency of the 8th component of the complement system].

An 18-year-old man suffered from recurrent bacterial meningitis. Investigation of the complement system revealed deficiency of the 8th complement component (C8) in the patient and his sister. Genetic defects of the terminal complement components C5 to C8 predispose to Neisseria infections, probably due to a lack in bacteriolytic activity. It is to be noted that 1 year ago the patient had been hospitalized for a culture-proved pneumococcal meningitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Static NMR magnetic fields change somatosensory evoked potentials in the human].

In strong static magnetic fields as used by NMR for clinical diagnosis we found oscillations in somatosensory evoked potentials of man when stimulating the Nervus medianus at the wrist joint. These new signals are to register only, when the head of the test person is inside of the magnetic field. A magnetic influence only of the stimulated arm has no effect of the normal SEP-signal.

Electric Stimulation↗
PubMed1987

Somatosensory, motor and special visual evoked potentials to single and double stimulation in "Parkinson's disease" an early diagnostic test?

Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease is not yet possible with neurophysiological methods. Therefore we investigated the median somatosensory and visually evoked potentials (SEP and VEP) to single and double stimulation, VEP using a special stimulation technique and motor evoked potentials (MEP) employing spinal and transcranial stimulation. In Parkinson's disease the absolute and relative refractory periods of cortical N1 peak of SEP did not differ from that of normal subjects. After single stimulation the cortical N20 latencies were only in 2 of 17 cases delayed. In 8 of 10 cases central conduction time was normal. Also the SEP peaks of brain stem were normal and there was no correlation between symptomatology and SEP results. The data of motor evoked potentials (MEP) demonstrated in all patients a normal central motor conduction time of 5.0 msec. In 30% of patients the VEP data showed a significant delay of P2 latency, independently of clinical status or age. But there were no more P2 alterations after special visual stimulation techniques. In contrast to a good clinical effect in 14 of 19 patients with end-off-dose akinesia, an improvement of P2 delay could not be noticed during a chronic L-dopa and deprenyl therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Motor conduction time of the corticospinal tract in spinal stimulation].

A muscular action potential (MAP) following transcranial and spinal stimulation can be recorded from most of the striped muscles. The motor central conduction time after transcranial and spinal stimulation can be determined at cervical 6/7. It is at 5.0 ms in normal subjects. This was demonstrated in four normal subjects. After spinal stimulation at cervical 6/7 a motor evoked potential can also be recorded from the scalp. It has a latency that is comparable to motor conduction time. In animal experiments in examining ten rabbits a motor evoked potential to stimulation at several levels of the spinal cord could also be determined.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1985

[Methodologic effects in somatosensory evoked potential diagnosis (stimulus frequency, filter, stimulation and recording site)].

The importance of the parameters stimulation rate, filter, stimulation- and recording place is presented; thus, a reduction in the low-pass filter frequency produces an increase in latency and an increase in the high-filter a decrease in latency of all SEP-components. A proper choice of the filters leads to a selection of the relevant signals; in a topic classification of the SEP generator the referential electrode must in any case be taken into consideration.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1985

[Cerebral refractory period of visual evoked potentials following total field and foveal stimulation].

Ten normal subjects of the age of 21 to 57 years were examined with single stimulus- and double stimulus-VEP following checkerboard whole field stimulation, foveal stimulation with a small checkerboard and flash. The latencies of the VEP following foveal stimulation are longer than those following whole field stimulation. There could not be determined a relative refractory period following checkerboard whole field stimulation at double stimulation. There is a relative refractory period following foveal stimulation between 80 and 100 ms. With retrobulbar neuritis at a late stage the relative refractory period is prolonged and it appears at about 150 ms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Comparative study of somatosensory evoked potentials, whole body computer tomography and myelography in spinal space-occupying lesions].

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) of the tibial nerve are of diagnostic value, if the recording points nearest to the spinous process are used. In cases with space-occupying lesions of the spinal cord, conduction block or amplitude reduction is the most common abnormality. In contrast in inflammatory diseases like spinal MS the most common abnormality is marked latency delay.

Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory↗
PubMed1984

[Value of the prednisolone test in myopathy diagnosis].

The CPK-determination in the serum immediately before and 4 hours after the intravenous Prednisolon injection does not furnish any diagnostically relevant different results in the single forms of myopathy. In accordance with Czyzewski we cannot confirm the assumption of Takahashi et al. (1975) that the Prednisolon-test is suitable to the differentiation of myopathies and polymyositis. It must still be left undecided whether conductors of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy in the scope of the heterocygoty diagnostic could have a diagnostic relevant increase in CPK only after Prednisolon injection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Spinal and cerebral somatosensory evoked potentials in single and double stimulation of the tibial nerve].

In 33 normal subjects aged between 15 and 60 years, the cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) recorded above the mastoid process, HWK2, LWK1, and the nerve action potential above the poplitea were examined following single stimulation of the tibial nerve at the medial malleolus. There is a correlation between size and N1, P1 latencies of the cortical SEP, but no relationship was found between age and N1, P1 latencies. The spinal conduction velocity determined as the difference between HWK2 and LWK1 did not show any correlation with age. The double stimuli examination showed a rise in the N1, P1 latencies within the relative refractory period on shortening of the interstimulus time. The cerebral relative and absolute refractory times were higher than those of the median nerve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Morphologic investigations on the dynamics of nevus development.

The regeneration of nevus cells after shave biopsy was investigated by means of fluorescence-histochemical and electron microscopic methods. A prerequisite for the regeneration of pigmented nevi seems to be the retention of their deepest part. It appears that the remaining nevus cells primarily induce proliferation of pigment-producing dendritic cells in the epidermis. These dendritic cells form nest-like conglomerations at the dermal-epidermal junction, which eventually separate from the epidermis during a process called "dropping off". The fluorescence-histochemical and electron-microscopic results lead to the conclusion that under these circumstances melanocytes are transformed into nevus cells.

Adult↗