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Biomedical subjects

H Goebell

Publications and source records attributed to H Goebell.

357 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

(+)-Cyanidanol-3 in the treatment of acute viral hepatitis: a randomized controlled trial.

One-hundred sixty patients (81 cyanidanol, 79 placebo) were included in a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the effect of 3 gm (+)-cyanidanol-3 per day for 8 weeks on the clinical course of acute viral hepatitis and HBsAg elimination. Quantitative determination of HBsAg was performed at frequent intervals. The mean time for serum bilirubin to decrease to 1.3 mg per dl was 30.8 +/- 3.5 days in the treated group and 52.2 +/- 9.8 days in the control group, (p less than 0.025). The time for SGOT to decrease to 100 IU per liter was 17.98 +/- 1.82 in the treated group and 26.53 +/- 3.7 in the control group (p less than 0.025). No significant difference in the evolution of other laboratory values or symptoms was found. The elimination rate of HBsAg was identical in both groups. Treatment did not alter the incidence of chronicity.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cholecystokinin-58 is the major molecular form in man, dog and cat but not in pig, beef and rat intestine.

Cholecystokinin (CCK)-58 was found to be the most abundant form in upper small intestinal mucosa of man, dog and cat. However, in pig, beef and rat upper small intestinal mucosa CCK-33/39 and smaller CCK-forms were dominant. The differences in the distribution of the molecular forms of cholecystokinin between these species presumably reflects altered posttranslational processing of procholecystokinin. This may be caused by the different feeding habits of the investigated species. The different forms of cholecystokinin were distributed over the entire length of the mucosa in canine small intestine. The total amount of CCK decreased from the duodenal mucosa towards the colon. In the canine duodenal mucosa, CCK-58 accounted for 85% of the total CCK-like immunoreactivity. The relative amounts of small forms of CCK increased towards the distal jejunum.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new molecular form of PYY: structural characterization of human PYY(3-36) and PYY(1-36).

A radioimmunoassay was developed using an antibody raised in rabbits against synthetic porcine PYY. This radioimmunoassay was used to detect PYY immunoreactivity in human intestinal extracts. Human colonic mucosa was extracted with acid, centrifuged and the supernatant concentrated by low pressure preparative reverse phase chromatography. A subsequent C-18 reverse phase HPLC step separated two peaks of PYY immunoreactivity. Each peak was purified by sequential steps of ion-exchange FPLC and reverse phase HPLC. In the final purification step single absorbance peaks were associated with PYY immunoreactivity. Microsequence, amino acid, and mass spectral analysis of the intact and tryptic fragments of the two peptides were consistent with the structures: YPIKPEAPGEDASPEELNRYYASLRHYLNLVTRQRY-amide [human PYY(1-36)] and--IKPEAPGEDASPEELNRYYASLRHYLNLVTRQRY-amide [human PYY(3-36)]. Human PYY(1-36) differs from porcine PYY only at position 3, with Ile instead of Ala, and position 18, with Asn instead of Ser. PYY(3-36) may differ in its biological activity from the intact peptide. Its high proportions in the colon suggest that it is released into the circulation where it could act as a partial antagonist of PYY(1-36).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Structural characterization of canine PYY.

PYY was purified from canine colonic mucosa by sequential steps of reverse phase HPLC and ion-exchange FPLC. Microsequence, amino acid and mass spectral analyses of the purified peptide and its tryptic fragments were consistent with the structure: YPAKPEAPGEDASPEELSRYYASLRHYLNLVTRQRY-amide. Canine PYY(1-36) has the identical sequence as porcine and rat PYY but differs from human PYY at position 3, with Ala instead of Ile, and position 18, with Ser instead of Asn. A smaller form, PYY(3-36), was also purified and characterized. It may differ in its biological activity from the intact peptide and could act as a partial antagonist or agonist of PYY(1-36).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prokinetics in patients with gastroparesis: a systematic analysis.

BACKGROUND: The relative potency of prokinetics in patients with gastroparesis has not been systematically studied. This study, therefore, aimed to assess the available data and to compare the effects of different prokinetics on symptoms and gastric emptying rates in patients with gastroparesis. METHODS: A systematic search of the literature was performed, covering the period 1980 to March 1998. All identified studies were reviewed and the following data elements assessed: characteristics of study populations; sample sizes; treatment regimes; drug doses; study design; main outcome variables, and the validity of measurements. RESULTS: In 36 studies, 514 patients were treated with prokinetics p.o. Most studies had methodological limitations (i.e. nonvalidated measurement of symptoms or unblinded treatment). The mean improvement in gastric emptying and the reduction in the symptom score was higher in the open trial group than in patients treated double-blind. Overall, erythromycin seems to have had the strongest effect on gastric emptying as compared to domperidone, cisapride or metoclopramide. Concerning gastrointestinal symptoms, the symptom scores appeared to improve more during treatment with erythromycin than with domperidone, metoclopramide or cisapride. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the available trials have methodological limitations; this limits the conclusions. However, the data suggest that the motilin-agonist erythromycin is superior with regard to the acceleration of gastric emptying, while both erythromycin and domperidone appear to be the most effective with regard to improvements in the symptom score. Additionally, there is a lack of association between changes in gastric emptying times and improvements in symptoms.

Analysis of Variance↗