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Biomedical subjects

H Goossens

Publications and source records attributed to H Goossens.

155 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Semisolid selective-motility enrichment medium for isolation of salmonellae from fecal specimens.

A semisolid selective-motility enrichment medium for the isolation of salmonellae from fecal specimens was developed which was based on Rappaport enrichment broth. During a 7-year period more than 30,000 stool samples were tested. The medium showed a high specificity (95.1%) and sensitivity (80.3%) when compared with MacConkey agar, SS agar, and brilliant green agar (after Selenite-F Enrichment [BBL Microbiology Systems]). Furthermore, our isolation rate of Salmonella species from fecal samples showed an increase of 22.3% when this semisolid medium was added to the routine culture media. Growth could easily be interpreted. The medium has a bias toward the isolation of Salmonella paratyphi B, but it is unsatisfactory for detecting the nonmotile strains Salmonella typhi and S. paratyphi A.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1983

A new selective medium for the isolation of Campylobacter jejuni from human faeces.

A new selective medium, Butzler's medium Virion, for the isolation of Campylobacter jejuni from human faeces is described. This medium contains the following antibiotics per liter: cefoperazone 15 mg, rifampicin 10 mg, colistin 10,000 IU, and amphotericin B 2 mg. At 42 degrees C there was no difference in the isolation rate on Butzler's medium Virion and Butzler's medium Oxoid, but the competing faecal flora was best suppressed by the new medium which allows easier reading of plates and better recognition of campylobacter colonies. Also, the isolation rate and growth of faecal flora were comparable when this new selective medium was incubated at both 37 degrees C and 42 degrees C in a candle jar or a special incubator. These results suggest that Butzler's medium Virion is a very reliable medium for the isolation of campylobacter. In comparison with other selective media it has important advantages for investigators who have little experience in isolating this enteropathogen, or for developing countries where special 42 degrees C incubators are often not available.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1982

Susceptibility pattern of Campylobacter jejuni from human and animal origins to different antimicrobial agents.

The in vitro antimicrobial activities of different antimicrobial agents on Campylobacter jejuni from human and animal origins were compared by using a Dynatech MIC 2000 system. In general, the minimal inhibitory concentration distributions for the human strains were very comparable with those of the animal strains. The animal strains had a bimodal distribution for ampicillin, clindamycin, and tetracycline.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cross-sectional study of oral Candida carriage in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive population: predisposing factors, epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility.

The Candida species isolated from oral rinses of 130 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients were compared with those of 130 healthy non-matched volunteers. The oral rinses were plated on CHROMagar Candida medium (CAC) and on CAC supplemented with 10 micrograms (CF10) and 100 micrograms (CF100) of fluconazole per ml. The prevalence of non-albicans Candida spp. in oral rinses of HIV-infected patients and their correlation with the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients were studied. Susceptibility of the Candida spp. isolated was determined by a microbroth dilution method based on the NCCLS reference procedure. Results of susceptibility tests of the yeast isolates were compared with their growth at the time of isolation on CAC supplemented with fluconazole. Thirty-five (30.7%) strains of non-albicans Candida spp. were isolated from the HIV-positive population, vs. seven (15.9%) from the immunocompetent population. Growth on CF10 correlated in 96% of the cases with fluconazole minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 8 micrograms ml-1. Smoking and use of azoles were significantly associated with oral carriage of non-albicans Candida spp. (P < 0.05). The prevalence of non-albicans Candida spp. in HIV-positive persons in oral rinse samples is twice as high as in the HIV-negative population. Smoking and treatment with azoles are risk factors for the oral carriage of non-albicans Candida spp. The isolation of yeasts on CAC plates supplemented with fluconazole allows combination of presumptive yeast identification and fluconazole susceptibility testing.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antimicrobial susceptibility of nontyphoidal Salmonella isolated from humans in Belgium.

Human nontyphoidal Salmonella infections are the primary cause of foodborne disease in developed countries, resulting in considerable morbidity and occasionally death, especially in immunocompromised patients. Strains of Salmonella that are resistant to antimicrobial agents have become a world-wide health problem. Fluoroquinolones are drugs of choice for treatment of human invasive salmonellosis, and have been useful for the treatment of infections caused by multi-resistant strains. However, strains resistant to ciprofloxacin have been noted. A random sample of 378 Salmonella strains of human origin was collected during 1998. Their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobial agents was determined by the agar dilution method according to NCCLS standards. In total, 38 serotypes were represented of which S. Enteritidis (20.4%), S. Typhimurium (20.4%), S. Hadar (9.0%), S. Brandenburg (7.9%), S. Infantis (7.7%), and S. Virchow (5.3%) were the most common. All strains were susceptible to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin. For nalidixic acid the rate of resistance was 19.0%. Of the 72 strains resistant to nalidixic acid, 31 were S. Hadar, and thus 91.2% (31/34) of the S. Hadar isolates showed resistance to nalidixic acid. Most of the S. Hadar strains were also resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline and sulphamethoxazole, and an elevated MIC50 (0.25 microgram/ml) and MIC90 (1 microgram/ml) was observed for ciprofloxacin. The high rate of resistance to nalidixic acid can be a first step towards the development of resistance to ciprofloxacin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among gram-negative isolates in intensive care units (ICU) in Belgian hospitals between 1996 and 1999.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the distribution and prevalence of resistance rates among Gram-negative isolates in Belgian intensive care units (ICUs) between 1996 and 1999. METHODS: During 1996-1997 and 1998-1999, over a total period of 10 and 9 months respectively, members of the NPRS Belgian Study group collected, on clinical indications, 3029 consecutive initial isolates of Gram-negative bacteria from patients admitted to 26 Belgian hospitals and performed minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determinations by means of the E-test. Break-points were defined according to the criteria of the NCCLS. RESULTS: The overall distribution of bacterial species was, in decreasing order of frequency: Pseudomonas aeruginosa > E. coli > E. aerogenes > K. pneumoniae > P. mirabilis > S. marcescens > E. cloacae > K. oxytoca > M. morganii > Stenotrophomonas maltophilia > Acinetobacter spp. All together these species and genera constituted about 90% of all isolates. The frequency of resistance for all the initial Gram-negative isolates in 1998-9 were: amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 60%, piperacillin 31%, piperacillin-tazobactam 20%, cefuroxime 58%, ceftriaxone 31%, ceftazidime 17%, aztreonam 23%, cefepime 10%, imipenem 13%, gentamicin 12%, amikacin 12% and ciprofloxacin 21%. Apart for an increase in multiple drug resistance among P. aeruginosa isolates, no significant trends were observed neither in species distribution nor in the overall prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Gram-negative isolates from Belgian ICUs between 1996-7 and 1998-9. CONCLUSIONS: Among Gram-negative isolates in Belgian ICUs, a very high frequency of resistance was seen to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefuroxime, and rather high frequencies of resistance to piperacillin, ceftriaxone and aztreonam. Taking into account the species distribution and the prevalence of resistance, cefepime, imipenem, amikacin and gentamicin appeared generally suitable for empirical therapeutic use in severe ICU-acquired Gram-negative infections in Belgium. However, the therapeutic strategy should be adapted according to the local ecology of resistance.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗