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Biomedical subjects

H Grimm

Publications and source records attributed to H Grimm.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Human pancreatic tissue concentration of bactericidal antibiotics.

Pancreatic infection represents the most important cause of fatal outcome in human acute pancreatitis. In a comparative analysis, human pancreatic tissue concentrations of 10 different bactericidal antibiotics were determined in 89 patients undergoing pancreatic surgery. Concentrations of the antibiotics were determined in the blood and pancreatic tissue using high-pressure liquid chromatography. Pancreatic tissue concentrations 120 minutes after intravenous administration were as follows: mezlocillin, 19.0 mg/kg; piperacillin, 20.3 mg/kg; cefotaxime, 9.1 mg/kg; ceftizoxime, 7.9 mg/kg; netilmicin, 0.4 mg/kg; tobramycin, 0.4 mg/kg; ofloxacin, 1.7 mg/kg; ciprofloxacin, 0.9 mg/kg; imipenem, 6.0 mg/kg; metronidazole, 3.5 mg/kg. Three groups of antibiotics were established: group A, substances with low tissue concentrations (netilmicin, tobramycin), which were below the minimal inhibitory concentrations of most bacteria found in pancreatic infection; group B, antibiotics with pancreatic tissue concentrations which were sufficient to inhibit some but not all bacteria in pancreatic infection (mezlocillin, piperacillin, ceftizoxime, cefotaxime); group C, substances with high pancreatic tissue levels as well as high bactericidal activity against most of the germs present in pancreatic infection (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, imipenem). These data could serve as the basis for adequate antibiotic prophylaxis or treatment of pancreatic infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Occurrence of quinolone resistance in Staphylococcus aureus from nosocomial infection.

Among 63 Staphylococcus aureus isolates (one isolate per one patient) counted from infections (from August to November 1991) in hospital T., eight exhibited resistance to fluoroquinolones. Seven of these quinolone-resistant isolates were multiply- and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (QR-MRSA). The results of phage-, plasmid- and genotyping (pulsed field electrophoresis) revealed that six different strain-clones of these MRSA were spread in the hospital. In vitro spontaneous mutants resistant to fluoroquinolones are 10-100-fold more frequent in MRSA than in other S. aureus when selected on isosensitest-agar containing 1 microgram/ml of ciprofloxacin. However, the same mutant frequencies were found in strain 8325-4 with and without the mecA-determinant. The resistance phenotype was stable over 30 generations of subculture in nutrient broth as well in natural quinolone resistant MRSA as in mutants of other types of S. aureus selected in vitro. The phenotypic association of quinolone resistance and MRSA is rather likely due to a higher frequency of spontaneous resistant mutants which are present in natural populations of MRSA. Data of chemotherapy prior to the isolation of S. aureus show that three of seven patients from whom QR-MRSA were isolated were treated with a quinolone. In eight cases of infections with non-MRSA and quinolone treatment the isolated S. aureus strains were in vitro sensitive to quinolones.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1992

Enlarged lymph nodes: malignant or not?

Prospective controlled data of lymph node evaluation by endoscopic ultrasound in esophageal, gastric and pancreatic cancer is presented. Lymph node pattern, changes of boundaries and echogenicity were considered. Preoperative findings of endoscopic ultrasound were classified according to TNM staging. Only those cases with subsequent histologic examination of the resected specimen were entered into the study. Sensitivity of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was 90% for esophageal and 87% for gastric cancer. The specificity was 72% and 88%, respectively. In spite of the overall satisfactory results of EUS in evaluation of lymph nodes, further improvement in detection and differentiation of benign and malignant nodes is required.

Endoscopy, Digestive System↗
PubMed1979

In vitro investigations with fosfomycin on Mueller-Hinton agar with and without glucose-6-phosphate.

Determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration of fosfomycin in the agar dilution test on Mueller-Hinton agar showed that the addition of glucose-6-phosphate to the nutrient medium potentiates the action of fosfomycin against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter and Staphylococcus aureus, sometimes by as much as 256-fold. Such a potentiation of action was not detectable with Serratia marcescens, the individual Proteus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or enterococci. Fosfomycin is very effective against most medically important bacterial species on Mueller-Hinton agar containing 25 micrograms/ml glucose-6-phosphate. Over 90% of the cultures of E. coli, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, S. marcescens,Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus rettgeri, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and enterococci examined were inhibited by less than or equal to 64 micrograms/ml fosfomycin.

Agar↗
PubMed1979

[Bacteriological in vitro investigations with cefaclor. Correlation of inhibition zone diameter and minimal inhibitory concentration (author's transl)].

A comparison of the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of cefaclor and cephalexin shows that cefaclor is noticeably superior against Citrobacter. Enterobacter and Proteus mirabilis. Only slight differences are seen against other enterobacteria and Staphylococcus aureus. Both cefaclor and cephalexin are completely ineffective against enterococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Regression analysis to correlate the inhibition zone diameter and MIC of cefaclor produced a very good correlation (r = -0.9741). Using 30 mcg discs on DST agar, inhibition zones of more than 20 mm are to be interpreted as "sensitivity" and zones of less than 13 mm as "resistance".

Bacteria↗
PubMed1979

[Carl Heinrich Stratz (1858 to 1924), one of the first researchers in growth and development--chronological tables of his life and work (author's transl)].

Review of education, life and work of C.H. Stratz. First a clinical gynecologist and always earning his living from this profession, he was interested in the problems of somatic and regional anthropology. After 1900 he became more and more engaged in observations of the child's development from the new-born to the adolescent. His publications, especially his graphs and pictures of morphological changes in the childs body and the signs of puberty, have the following years deeply influenced our knowledge on "orthology" within the medical problems of youth.

Anthropology, Physical↗
PubMed1978

[Mosquito studies on Hiddensee].

The author reports on the biting activity of mosquitoes during the years 1957-77. His observations were made in the locality called "Duenenheide" on the island of Hiddensee, GDR. This "Duenenheide" is a heath-landscape with downs, situated near the village of Vitte. The daily rhythm of the mosquitoes is analyzed as well as the dependence on wind speed and air temperature near the ground. The results are compared with sporadic data on Stomoxys and on biting midges. The behaviour of chironomids is integrated in this comparison.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[In vitro investigations of rifampicin. Correlation between minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal inhibitory zone].

Regression analyses demonstrated a good correlation between the minimum inhibitory concentrations of rifampicin determined by the agar dilution method in Mueller-Hinton or Iso-Sensitest agar and the diameters of the inhibition zones produced by the antibiotic in the agar diffusion test on the same two media. The inhibition zone diameters produced in cultures of gram-positive bacteria most of which are highly sensitive to rifampicin (MIC less than 0.125 microgram/ml), are greater than 32 mm. Clearly discernible zones of inhibition ranging from 9 to 24 mm in diameter are, however, also found with gram-negative bacteria, which are less sensitive to the drug (MIC 4--32 microgram/ml. The simple agar diffusion method consequently provides a reliable indication of the sensitivity of bacteria to rifampicin.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1978

[Comparison of regression line analysis for several antibiotics on different media (author's transl)].

The method for performing regression analysis is described in detail. MIC values and zone sizes are determined on agar throughout. Applying these techniques, good correlation between MIC's and zone sizes (r = greater than -0.9) were found with 82% of 59 regressions (33 different antibiotics). Comparable results were found with DST- and Mueller-Hinton agar. In some cases a linear regression for MIC and zone size values could be demonstrated, independent from the correlation coefficient. Some theoretical aspects of regression analysis are discussed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

DNA in non Hodgkin-lymphoma--a cytophotometric study.

Cytophotometric DNA determinations on 26 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma yielded the following findings: 1. Follicular centrocytic/centroblastic lymphomas (M. Brill-Symmers) and diffuse centrocytic lymphomas (lymphocytic lymphosarcoma) have a diploid DNA stem line. Diploid DNA values are observed in benign tumors, so that the assignment of these lymphomas to the group of "low grade malignancies" appears justified. 2. Lymphoblastic sarcomas show an aneuploid DNA stem line, as do 96% of all malignant tumors. 3. Lymphoid cells, plasma cells, and immunoblasts seen in immunocytomas are aneuploid. Thus these lymphomas must belong to the group of "high-grade malignant lymphomas" as regards their DNA distribution. 4. Immunoblastic sarcomas have aneuploid DNA stem lines (1 case tetraploid), in which both the lymphoid cells and the plasma cells from those immunoblastic sarcomas arising from immunocytomas show atypical DNTA distribution patterns. 5. In two cases of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy, the lymphoid cells, plasma cells, and immunoblasts are aneuploid. They are thus regarded as "high grade malignancy" lymphomas. The results are discussed with respect to clinical course and prognosis. Measurements on a larger series of cases and correlation to clinical data are needed to support these results. Ultrafast DNA measurements made by flow-through cytophotometry can perhaps be helpful in the future for making the decision between a "low" or "high" grade malignant lymphoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[More on nutrition of children and youth in the 18th and 19th century, chiefly based on memoirs and contemporary recollections (author's transl)].

378 remarks on nutrition of children and youth found in personal recollections, letters a. s. o. of 42 authors of the 18th and 19th century are added to a former published sum of 760 items. Again, more mentions of protein (meat, fish a. s. o), fat and sugar are written down in the 19th century, compared with the three centuries before.

Adolescent↗