Oxygen mediated complement activation: an in-vitro study.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
H Gulden
Publications and source records attributed to H Gulden.
Chronic, but not acute, administration of morphine alters antiopiate (Tyr-MIF-1) binding sites in rat brain.
Opiate addiction could involve a change in the binding of endogenous antiopiates. A candidate for such a role is Tyr-MIF-1 (Tyr-Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2), a brain peptide that can antagonize exogenous and endogenous opiates and bind to opiate receptors. Its primary action, however, may be through its own binding site in brain, which we now report is altered by chronic administration of morphine. Rats given morphine pellets had reduced binding of both iodinated and tritiated Tyr-MIF-1 on day 5, when substantial tolerance is evident. In contrast, mu and delta opiate receptors were increased. Acute injection of an analgesic dose of morphine did not reduce Tyr-MIF-1 binding, indicating that chronic administration is required for the change. These findings open new approaches to the study of addiction by focusing on antiopiate activity.
Animals↗
In vitro antibacterial activity of imipenem in combination with newer quinolone derivatives.
The antibacterial activity of imipenem combined with norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, or ofloxacin against 43 gram-positive cocci and 53 aerobic gram-negative rods compared to results obtained with the combination of imipenem with amikacin. Synergistic antibacterial action (defined as FIC index less than or equal to 0.5) was found for 28% of strains with imipenem/amikacin and imipenem/norfloxacin, in 23% with imipenem/ofloxacin, and in 18% with imipenem/ciprofloxacin. Antagonistic activity (FIC index greater than 1.0) was found in 21, 21, 32, and 23% respectively. These rates were not statistically different for gram-positive and gram-negative isolates. Antagonistic activity seemed to occur more frequently with Pseudomonas spp. and enterococci than with staphylococci or Enterobacteriaceae. A tendency for increased rates of antagonism was noted in strains with higher MIC values. Clinically significant and meaningful positive interactions (defined as a decrease of imipenem MICs to below 2.0 micrograms/ml) were found with imipenem/amikacin against several Pseudomonas spp., with imipenem/ofloxacin or ciprofloxacin against Streptococcus faecium and with all combinations against Proteus spp. We conclude that continuous treatment with newer quinolone derivatives for selective decontamination in neutropenic patients receiving imipenem antibacterial therapy for treatment of infection should not be regarded as effective combination therapy.
Amikacin↗