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Biomedical subjects

H Guterman

Publications and source records attributed to H Guterman.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Hybrid model building methodology using unsupervised fuzzy clustering and supervised neural networks.

This paper suggests a model building methodology for dealing with new processes. The methodology, called Hybrid Fuzzy Neural Networks (HFNN), combines unsupervised fuzzy clustering and supervised neural networks in order to create simple and flexible models. Fuzzy clustering was used to define relevant domains on the input space. Then, sets of multilayer perceptrons (MLP) were trained (one for each domain) to map input-output relations, creating, in the process, a set of specified sub-models. The estimated output of the model was obtained by fusing the different sub-model outputs weighted by their predicted possibilities. On-line reinforcement learning enabled improvement of the model. The determination of the optimal number of clusters is fundamental to the success of the HFNN approach. The effectiveness of several validity measures was compared to the generalization capability of the model and information criteria. The validity measures were tested with fermentation simulations and real fermentations of a yeast-like fungus, Aureobasidium pullulans. The results outline the criteria limitations. The learning capability of the HFNN was tested with the fermentation data. The results underline the advantages of HFNN over a single neural network.

Biotechnology↗
PubMed2001

FT-IR microscopic characterization of normal and malignant human colonic tissues.

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) employs a unique approach to optical diagnosis of tissue pathology based on the characteristic molecular vibrational spectra of the tissue. In this study, we report infrared absorption spectra of formalin fixed, paraffin embedded normal and malignant human colonic tissues from ten different patients. Our method is based on microscopic infrared study (FT-IR-microscopy) of thin tissue specimens in parallel with normal histopathological analysis, which serves as a reference. Our results indicate that the normal colonic tissue has a stronger absorption than the cancerous type over a wide region in all ten cases. The detailed analysis showed that there is a significant decrease in carbohydrate levels, total phosphate and also possibly creatine contents for cancerous tissue in comparison to the controls. Also, RNA/DNA ratio increased in cancerous tissues relative to the normals in all the patients. The results of Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) showed that the normal and malignant cells could be identified with about 89% accuracy.

Colon↗
PubMed2000

Classification of brain-stem trigeminal evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis, minor head injuries and post-concussion syndrome pathologies by similarity measurements.

In this study measurements obtained from brain-stem trigeminal evoked potentials (BTEP) are applied to the problem of diagnosing Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Post-concussion syndrome (PCS). We present a simplistic model that depicts the BTEP waveform as the linear combination of a set of filters excited by a short stimulus. The relation between the BTEP latencies and the 1st to 4th harmonic components is shown. The performance of a fuzzy similarity measure based classifier is compared with that of human experts. The efficiency of the proposed classifier in conjunction with delay time and amplitude features is examined. Using this novel approach, a classification rate of 93.55% and 84.1% for MS and PCS pathologies, respectively, was achieved. This performance compares favorably to the classification rates of 84.28% for MS and 70.47% for PCS pathologies achieved by human experts.

Brain Injury, Chronic↗
PubMed1998

Electrical properties of glucose-sensitive hydrogels: swelling and conductivity relationships.

The electrical characteristics of a glucose-sensitive polymeric hydrogel have been studied. The hydrogel matrices were prepared by radical polymerization of solutions containing 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, N,N-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol, water, and glucose oxidase. The hydrogels displayed faster and higher swelling rates for lower levels of a crosslinking agent. Electrical conductivity was found to be a sensitive measurement of the state of the swelling. A simple model that relates hydrogel swelling and conductivity has been proposed.

Electric Conductivity↗
PubMed1996

A comparison of neural network and Bayes recognition approaches in the evaluation of the brainstem trigeminal evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis.

This article describes the application of Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Probabilistic Neural Network and Kohonen's Learning Vector Quantization to the problem of diagnosing Multiple Sclerosis. The classification information is obtained from brainstem trigeminal evoked potential. The performance of the neural networks based classifiers is compared with that of the human experts and the Bayes classifier. The ability of the MLP classifier to generalize is far better than that of the Bayes classifier. The efficiency of the neural network based classifiers in conjunction with several types of well-known evoked potential features, such as Fourier transform space, latency and temporal wave, is examined. Although a large clinical data base would be necessary, before this approach can be fully validated, the initial results are promising.

Bayes Theorem↗
PubMed1995

Human chromosome classification using multilayer perceptron neural network.

A multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network (NN) has been studied for human chromosome classification. Only 10-20 examples were required for the MLP NN to reach its ultimate performance classifying chromosomes of 5 types. The empirical dependence of the entropic error on the number of examples was found to be highly comparable to the 1/t function. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used, both for network initialization and for feature reduction purposes. The PCA demonstrated the importance of retaining most of the image information whenever small training sets are used. The MLP NN classifier outperformed the Bayes piecewise classifier for all the cases tested. The MLP classifier was found to be almost unsusceptible to the ratio of the number of training vectors to the number of features, whereas the piecewise classifier was highly dependent on this ratio.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infectious diseases of geriatric inmates.

The number of geriatric inmates is rapidly growing because of more frequent incarceration of older offenders as the number of the elderly in the general population increases nationally. The increase is also due to recent changes in sentencing patterns (e.g., longer sentences and tightened parole) that affect younger, long-term inmates. Geriatric inmates often have chronic medical illnesses that may result in hospitalization for infectious complications. These infectious conditions may be related to factors such as institutionalization (e.g., tuberculosis and influenza), chronic medical illness (e.g., pneumococcal pneumonia), and a history of alcohol or drug use (e.g., hepatitis B virus and retrovirus infection). The epidemiology of these conditions is reviewed. Since infectious complications among geriatric inmates will add stress to a correctional health care system that is already burdened by inmates with AIDS-related illnesses, clinical recognition of these complications and preventive measures are of great importance.

Aged↗