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Biomedical subjects

H H Strupp

Publications and source records attributed to H H Strupp.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Patient and therapist values in psychotherapy: perceived changes, assimilation, similarity, and outcome.

This study investigated (a) the nature and extent of perceived changes in patients' values (reported retrospectively), (b) the relationship between patients' assimilation of their therapists' values and outcome, and (c) the relationship between the similarity of patient-therapist values (posttherapy) and outcome. A great deal of perceived values change was reported by the patients, but (contrary to expectations) not primarily in values concerning interpersonal morality. Values assimilation demonstrated a fairly substantial positive correlation with therapist's outcome assessment, but not with other measures of outcome, suggesting that the phenomenon may be related more to the therapist's rating bias than to genuine improvement. Patient-therapist dyads whose values were moderately similar showed the most improvement, indicating that an intermediate range of values similarity may function as a predictor of positive outcome. Secondary findings (including the seemingly unique role of religious values) and suggestions for future research directions are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[German version of the Vanderbilt Psychotherapy Scales: description and use in two brief psychotherapies].

The Vanderbilt-Psychotherapy-Scales appeared to be useful instruments for the identification of process characteristics determining the outcome of brief dynamic psychotherapies. The German versions of the two scales measuring important components of the psychotherapeutic process and of negative indicators are described in this article. It could be shown that--similar to the original versions--both scales can be used economically and that rater agreement soon reaches satisfactory levels. To demonstrate the potential use of the scales, their application in two different short term treatments are described which are presently analysed in a multi-center study of "single case oriented process research" using a variety of different methods. The example demonstrates that both scales are useful to discriminate both different theoretical foundations of the treatments as well as specific features of the patients and their therapists. The usefulness of the scales in a broader context is mainly based upon the experience that they reveal a lot of important informations about the psychotherapeutic process with a minimum of expense.

Anxiety Disorders↗
PubMed1990

Matchmaking in psychotherapy: patient-therapist dimensions and their impact on outcome.

Patient-therapist matching was investigated using recent theoretical and methodological developments to overcome some of the limitations that have hindered similar past efforts. Two hypotheses were tested: (a) Therapeutic outcome is affected by the interaction between patients' and therapists' self-concepts, and (b) increasing anticomplementarity between therapist self-concept and therapists' perceptions of patients' behavior is negatively associated with patient improvement. Data from the first 2 cohorts of the Vanderbilt II Psychotherapy Project were analyzed. They included the therapies of 16 experienced therapists, who saw a total of 48 patients (38 women and 10 men) in time-limited psychotherapy. Patients' ages ranged from 24 to 64 years (M age = 40). Outcome was measured from the perspective of the patient, therapist, and evaluating clinician. Each hypothesis was supported, but not across all 3 outcome perspectives.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

Patient and therapist introject, interpersonal process, and differential psychotherapy outcome.

The Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB; Benjamin, 1974, 1982, 1984) system was used to study the interpersonal process between patient and therapist in the 3rd session of 14 therapeutic dyads. Dyads were grouped into good and poor outcomes cases (n = 7) on the basis of the amount of change in the patients' introject as measured by the INTREX Introject Questionnaire (Benjamin, 1983). Strong support was found for the following hypotheses based on interpersonal theory, linking therapists' introject state, interpersonal process in therapy, and outcome: (a) Poor outcome cases (no introject change) were typified by interpersonal behaviors by the therapist that confirmed a negative patient introject; (b) the number of therapists' statements that were subtly hostile and controlling was highly correlated with the number of self-blaming statements by the patients; (c) therapists with disaffiliative introjects tended to engage in a much higher level of problematic interpersonal processes that have been associated with poor outcome. Implications for future research and therapist training are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

[Structural analysis of social behavior in training and research. A contribution to the "functional histology" of the psychotherapy process].

To be able to identify qualitative differences in the results of psychotherapeutic activity and to establish a relationship between those results and the particularities of the treatment process involved, the problems of the patient, the relevant events during therapy, and therapeutic results must be interrelatable both terminologically and theoretically (P-T-O congruence; Strupp et al., 1989). If, therefore, the relevant qualities of the relationships involved in interpersonal transactions during the therapeutic process are to be represented adequately and independently of schools, an appropriate instrument is required for both clinical and research use. This instrument is introduced here in the form of the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) after Lorna Smith Benjamin by means of the key question: Who acts how toward whom and how does the latter react to this?

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1979

Specific vs nonspecific factors in psychotherapy. A controlled study of outcome.

This study explored the relative contribution of the therapist's technical skills and the qualities inherent in any good human relationship to outcome in time-limited individual psychotherapy. Highly experienced psychotherapists treated 15 patients drawn from a relatively homogeneous patient population (male college students, selected primarily on the basis of elevations on the depression, anxiety, and social introversion scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory). By traditional diagnostic categories, they would be classified as neurotic depression or anxiety reactions. Obsessional trends and borderline personalities were common. A comparable patient group was treated by college professors chosen for their ability to form understanding relationships. Patients treated by professors showed, on the average, as much improvement as patients treated by professional therapists. Treated groups slightly exceeded the controls. Group means, however, obscured considerable individual variability.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1976

Contemporary views of negative effects in psychotherapy. An integrated account.

As part of a larger investigation into negative effects in psychotherapy, we conducted a survey of researchers and practitioners in psychotherapy. We now present an integrated account of the consensus of these experts on the following issues: (1) Is there a problem of negative effects? (2) What constitutes a negative effect? (3) What factors are prominently associated with negative effects? There was an overwhelming affirmation of the reality of negative effects among the respondents. Furthermore, they urged that negative effects be subjected to systematic research scrutiny, a strategy made more feasible by the identifying criteria and possible causative factors cited by these experts. It is suggested that there is need for research into therapeutic actions and psychotherapy outcomes in general, with special reference to negative effects.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1975

Psychoanalysis, "focal psychotherapy," and the nature of the therapeutic influence.

It has traditionally been asserted that the nature of the therapeutic influence in psychoanalysis is qualitatively different from that in "psychotherapy." This thesis is considered untendable. Analysis of a case history by Balint, Ornstein, and Balint shows evidence that therapeutic change can be conceptualized more parsimoniously along lines other than those traditionally preferred. The therapist establishes himself as a good parent or authority figure vis-a-vis the patient, and within that context mediates important lessons in nonneurotic constructive living. Given strong motivation to seek change, the patient is won over to a point of view different from the one that has, in essential respects, guided his life in the past, and he has to make these teachings his own. Analytic therapy is an education for optimal personal freedom in the context of social living.

Adult↗