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Biomedical subjects

H H van der Ven

Publications and source records attributed to H H van der Ven.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Increased frequency of congenital chromosomal aberrations in female partners of couples undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

We evaluated the frequency of congenital chromosomal aberrations in a sample of 305 couples included in an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) programme. Twenty individuals (3.3%) with congenital chromosomal abnormalities could be identified. The following types of abnormalities were observed: reciprocal translocations (n = 7), Robertsonian translocations (n = 3), inversions (n = 3), other structural aberrations (n = 4) and sex chromosome aberrations (n = 3). The rate of chromosomally abnormal males (10/305, 3.3%) lay within the expected range for patients with reduced semen quality. Surprisingly, 50% (10/20) of all abnormal karyotypes were contributed by the female partner of ICSI patients. These data confirm the higher incidence of chromosomal aberrations in infertile populations as compared with the baseline population risk. Additionally, the data imply that in some cases of male factor infertility a hidden female chromosomal factor may be present, which cannot be identified by standard clinical evaluation. In conclusion, we recommend chromosomal analysis in both partners of couples undergoing ICSI treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The effect of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate/oestradiol valerate on the development and outcome of early pregnancies following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: a prospective and randomized controlled trial.

A prospective and randomized study was performed to investigate the effect of supportive hormones on the development and outcome of early pregnancies following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Immediately after pregnancies were confirmed endocrinologically on day 15 after oocyte collection, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate and oestradiol valerate (PC/EV) was administered to half of the patients in a randomly controlled trial. One group received supportive treatment until the twelfth week of gestation, whereas the other group received no treatment at all. Both groups were followed up by measurements of serum levels of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), oestradiol and progesterone every three days until day 35, when a first ultrasound examination was carried out to confirm fetal vitality. Subsequently, pregnancies were monitored sonographically at regular intervals. In cases of miscarriage, dilatation and curettage was performed and histology analysed. A total of 120 pregnant patients entered the study: 55 of them received hormone treatment and 65 patients were controls. Within the treatment group 48 (89%) clinically ongoing pregnancies were observed, five (9%) miscarriages occurred after the seventh week of gestation and one preclinical pregnancy was noted. In the control group, 38 (59%) ongoing pregnancies were observed, nine (14%) miscarriages occurred and 17 (27%) preclinical pregnancies were recorded. Two ectopic pregnancies, one in each group, were excluded from evaluation. A significantly higher percentage of pregnancies were intact at 7 weeks of gestation after treatment with PC/EV (p less than or equal to 0.01).

17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate↗
PubMed1990

Significance of cumulus oophorus in in-vitro fertilization and oocyte viability and fertility.

Fertilization and cleavage rates of human cumulus-intact oocytes incubated in vitro for 36-48 h with normal spermatozoa tended to be higher than those which were cumulus-denuded (73 versus 68%; 68 versus 56%, respectively); however, the difference was not significant. Nor were these differences significant when using sperm samples of various qualities (normozoospermic samples: 75 versus 70% fertilized oocytes; asthenozoospermic: 66 versus 64%; oligozoospermic: 64 versus 56%; oligoasthenozoospermic: 35 versus 33%). The beneficial effect of the human cumulus oophorus on the binding of human spermatozoa to denuded hamster oocytes and on head decondensation of human spermatozoa observed after 2 h of incubation (9.3 versus 7.0 bound spermatozoa per oocyte, P less than 0.05; 0.5 versus 0.3 decondensed sperm heads per oocyte, P less than 0.02) disappeared after 6 h. A protective effect of the cumulus oophorus on hamster oocytes preincubated in medium containing 50% human preovulatory follicular fluid was observed in the sperm penetration assay (fertilization rate of cumulus-intact: cumulus-denuded oocytes, 26 versus 13%, P less than 0.05) and confirmed using fluorescein diacetate stain (cumulus-intact oocytes: 86 versus 100% vitality, non-significant; cumulus-denuded oocytes: 64 versus 100%, P less than 0.01). These data suggest the accelerating effect of the human cumulus oophorus on fertilization in its early stages. Furthermore, the cumulus plays an important part in protecting the oocyte against adverse environmental influences.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Fertilization of human oocytes in capillary tubes with very small numbers of spermatozoa.

Human oocytes can be fertilized with high rates of success under in-vitro conditions even if only low numbers of spermatozoa are used. A culture system has been developed in which fertilization is performed in haematocrit capillary tubes (length 75 mm; i.d. 0.8-0.9 mm). Oocytes were fertilized in 5-10 microliters of different sperm suspensions containing a total of 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 spermatozoa per oocyte (0.1-0.4 x 10(6) spermatozoa/ml). Oocytes were obtained from 10 patients participating in an in-vitro fertilization programme; of these, 32 oocytes were fertilized in capillary tubes and 32 oocytes were cultured using standard methods (1 ml culture medium in tissue culture tubes; 0.1-0.2 x 10(6) spermatozoa/ml). The overall fertilization rate of oocytes cultured in tissue culture tubes was 78% (25/32) and the fertilization rates in capillary tubes using 4000, 2000, 1000 or 500 spermatozoa per oocyte were 71% (5/7), 86% (6/7), 60% (6/10) and 50% (4/8), respectively. The fertilization rate of mature oocytes was higher compared with immature oocytes when fertilization was performed in culture tubes (83 and 63%) or in capillary tubes (74 and 44%). Fertilization in capillary tubes using a 10 microliter of oocyte and spermatozoa suspension compared to 5 microliters seemed to provide better culture conditions, resulting in higher fertilization and cleavage rates. These preliminary results indicate that fertilization of human oocytes under in-vitro conditions can be achieved even with very low numbers of spermatozoa.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Glass wool column filtration of human semen: relation to swim-up procedure and outcome of IVF.

The number and viability of spermatozoa recovered by glass wool column filtration and a swim-up procedure were compared using different types of ejaculates, such as normal, asthenozoospermic and very viscous oligozoospermic semen. The filtration procedure resulted in significantly (P less than 0.01) higher recovery of viable spermatozoa than the swim-up procedure from all types of ejaculates studied. Further, the spermatozoa from 50 (78.1%) of the 64 ejaculates filtered through glass wool column fertilized at least one intact human egg in an in-vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure. It is concluded that glass wool column filtration is superior to the swim-up procedure since it yields a higher recovery of viable spermatozoa that are potentially fertile. Therefore, the glass wool column filtration procedure used to prepare spermatozoa may be of benefit for IVF, intra-uterine insemination, in-vitro fertilization and GIFT (gamete intra-Fallopian transfer), especially in cases of poor quality semen.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1987

[Fertilization of human ova in capillary tubes with a very small number of spermatozoa. A new treatment possibility in severe oligospermia?].

In contrast to the in vivo situation the current in vitro fertilization techniques require large numbers of spermatozoa per oocyte to achieve successful fertilization. In this study a culture system was developed in which successful fertilization was performed in haematocrit capillary tubes (75 mm length, 0.8-0.9 mm inner diameter) even if only low numbers of spermatozoa were used. Oocytes were fertilized in 5-10 microliters of different sperm suspension containing a total number of 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 spermatozoa per oocyte (0.1-0.4 X 10(6) sperms/ml). In 10 patients participating in an in vitro fertilization programme 32 oocytes were fertilized in capillary tubes and 32 oocytes were cultured using standard methods (1 ml culture medium in tissue culture tubes, 0.1-0.2 X 10(6) spermatozoa/ml). The overall fertilization rate of oocytes cultured in tissue culture tubes was 78% (25/32) and the fertilization rates in capillary tubes using 4000, 2000, 1000 or 500 spermatozoa per oocyte were: 71% (5/7), 86% (6/7), 60% (6/10) and 50% (4/8), respectively. The fertilization rate of mature oocytes was higher compared to immature oocytes when fertilization was performed in culture tubes (83% and 63%) or in capillary tubes (74% and 44%). Fertilization in capillary tubes using a volume of the sperm oocyte suspension of 10 microliters compared to 5 microliters seems to provide better culture conditions resulting in higher fertilization and cleavage rates (75 and 91% versus 62.5 and 60%). These preliminary results indicate that fertilization of human oocytes under in vitro conditions can be achieved even with very low numbers of spermatozoa.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1986

Association of the in-vitro fertilizing capacity of human spermatozoa with sperm morphology as assessed by three classification systems.

Stained sperm morphology slides from an in-vitro fertilization programme were evaluated by the modified Williams system, the World Health Organization (WHO) system and morphometric size measurements (image analysis) to determine which system(s) were better predictors of fertility. Amorphous sperm head shape was the best predictor of fertility in both the modified Williams system and the WHO system, predicting the proper fertility status in 65% of the cases. Using only normal sperm in the statistical model, normal sperm became a correct predictor in 66% of the cases in the modified Williams system. Morphometric measurements were not useful in predicting the fertility status of these samples. These studies indicate that morphology can not be used as a sole predictor of fertilizing capacity of human spermatozoa.

Fertility↗
PubMed1985

Polyspermy in in vitro fertilization of human oocytes: frequency and possible causes.

In an IVF program a total of 585 oocytes (180 patients) were examined for the presence of pronuclei 16 to 20 hours after the addition of spermatozoa. The overall fertilization rate was 71%, and in 58 (10%) of the fertilized oocytes, three or more pronuclei, indicating a failure of the block to polyspermy, could be observed. The frequency of polyspermy was related to the maturity of the oocyte, determined according to morphologic criteria. Immature oocytes showed a higher percentage of polyspermic fertilization (32%) compared to that of mature oocytes (6%). Preincubation of oocytes (for 0.5-1.5, 2-4, and 5-8 hours) prior to the addition of spermatozoa increased the fertilization rate (to 67%, 70%, and 83%, respectively). The polyspermy rate, however, was not significantly different between the various preincubation intervals (13%, 14%, and 19%, respectively). The polyspermy rate was affected by the number of spermatozoa used for in vitro fertilization. Insemination with 0.5-0.8, 1.0, or 1.5-2.0 X 10(6) spermatozoa/oocyte resulted in a polyspermy rate of 6%, 20%, and 32%, respectively. The appearance of polyspermic fertilization was not related to the age of the patient (which ranged from 20 to 45 years) nor to the method of ovarian stimulation (clomiphene, hMG, or clomiphene/hMG). Because of the high incidence of polyspermy under in vitro conditions it seems to be important to routinely examine the oocytes in the pronuclear stage. Reduction of the number of spermatozoa used for in vitro fertilization and the exact timing of insemination according to the maturity of the oocyte might reduce the occurrence of polyspermic fertilization.

Female↗