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Biomedical subjects

H Hansson

Publications and source records attributed to H Hansson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Human cystatin C. role of the N-terminal segment in the inhibition of human cysteine proteinases and in its inactivation by leucocyte elastase.

Leucocyte elastase in catalytic amounts was observed to rapidly cleave the Val-10-Gly-11 bond of the human cysteine-proteinase inhibitor cystatin C at neutral pH. The resulting modified inhibitor had size and amino acid composition consistent with a cystatin C molecule devoid of the N-terminal Ser-1-Val-10 decapeptide. Leucocyte-elastase-modified cystatin C had more than 240-fold lower affinity than native cystatin C for papain. Removal of the N-terminal decapeptide of human cystatin C also decreased inhibition of human cathepsins B and L by three orders of magnitude, but decreased inhibition of cathepsin H by only 5-fold. A tripeptidyldiazomethane analogue of of the N-terminal portion of cystatin C was a good inhibitor of cathepsins B and L but a poor inhibitor of cathepsin H. It therefore appears that amino acid side chains of the N-terminal segment of cystatin C bind in the substrate-binding pockets of cathepsins B and L but not in those of cathepsin H. It is argued that the N-terminal cystatin C interaction with cathepsin B is physiologically important and hence that leucocyte elastase could have a function as a regulator of extracellular cysteine-proteinase inhibitory activity at sites of inflammation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Swedish emergency hospitals' readiness for disaster; incidence, interest and training.

Disasters in Sweden are normally caused by human factors and these are dependent on the development of the community. The readiness of Swedish emergency hospitals to cope with disaster was investigated both in relation to real disasters and training with hospital disaster plans. An inquiry to the chief physician at every emergency hospital in Sweden, aiming to map the incidence of disasters and the availability of relevant further education, showed a low use of disaster plans in practice and little training in the use of them. It is necessary for several departments to take more responsibility for the disaster plans at emergency hospitals, through regular updating of disaster plans and training. This would minimise the number of people with injuries of both somatic and psychiatric origin in real disaster situations. It would be possible to maintain the readiness of Swedish hospitals to cope with disaster by developing a disaster medicine discipline and introducing selected teams of specialised staff at the emergency hospitals. These efforts together would maintain readiness to cope with disaster and stimulate interest in research, education and further education in the field of disaster medicine.

Disaster Planning↗
PubMed1991

Antibody to a hepatitis C virus related protein among patients at high risk for hepatitis B.

Anti-HCV prevalence in treated hemophiliacs, their heterosexual partners, intravenous drug addicts and homosexual men was studied. In hemophiliacs and many of the intravenous drug addicts, greater than or equal to 2 sera drawn 1-18 or 1-17 years apart were available. Anti-HCV testing was performed by ELISA (Ortho). Among patients with severe and moderate hemophilia A, 87% (98/112) were positive for anti-HCV at least once and among patients with severe and moderate hemophilia B, 83% (24/29) were positive for anti-HCV. Seroconversion to anti-HCV was observed in 21% of hemophilia patients. In hemophilia A, HCV infection generally occurred during the first years of life and in hemophilia B somewhat later. Loss of anti-HCV antibody was seen in 12% (17 patients). The rest, 54% (76 patients) were seropositive in first and last samples. All 12 tested spouses to anti-HCV positive men were anti-HCV negative. 80% of the drug addicts (137/172) were seropositive for anti-HCV. In those with greater than 1 serum tested, 8% were consistently negative and 68% consistently positive. 21% seroconverted to anti-HCV while 3% lost antibody. 10% (22/211) of homosexual men were anti-HCV positive. Intravenous transmission of HCV thus seemed highly efficient whereas sexual transmission was much less efficient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Regulation of cystatin C activity by serine proteinases.

The effect of four human serine proteinases on the human cysteine proteinase inhibitor, cystatin C, has been studied in vitro. Neutrophil elastase in catalytic amounts was observed to rapidly cleave cystatin C at neutral pH, thereby giving rise to a modified form of the inhibitor lacking the N-terminal Ser1-Val10 decapeptide. The two other leukocyte serine proteinases, cathepsin G and neutrophil proteinase 4, did not catalytically hydrolyse cystatin C bonds. Neither had the seminal plasma serine proteinase, prostate-specific antigen, any effect on cystatin C. The physiological implications of neutrophil elastase catalysed modification of cystatin C are discussed, and recent findings indicating that this reaction also occurs in vivo are reviewed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Prevalence of chlamydial eye infection in patients attending an eye clinic, a VD clinic, and in healthy persons.

Chlamydial eye infection was detected in 28 of 983 ophthalmological patients with conjunctivitis or keratoconjunctivitis, with a peak frequency of over 9% in patients aged 16-20 years and with decreasing frequency thereafter. In patients aged 1 to 15 years chlamydial conjunctivitis was not observed. Chlamydial eye infection could not be detected in patients at a venereal diseases clinic, though chlamydial genital infection was rather frequent in these patients. Nor was Chlamydia trachomatis found in the eyes of healthy young adults. In patients with proved chlamydial conjunctivitis unilateral symptoms were the rule. Pseudoptosis was the most conspicuous presentation in two cases. A prolonged course can be expected in chlamydial eye infection if the condition is unrecognised and effective treatment delayed. The venereal background of the condition must also influence the management.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases in the Scandinavian countries.

In the Scandinavian countries, laws require reporting of the traditional venereal diseases, i.e., gonorrhea, syphilis, lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV), and ulcus molle, or chancroid. Incidence figures for these diseases, therefore, are fairly reliable. In the Scandinavian countries, LGV and chancroid are rare diseases, and the syphilis incidence has remained low. These three diseases are typically male afflictions. Gonorrhea outnumbers the other diseases mentioned and at present has a nearly 1:1 male: female ratio. In Scandinavia, as in other parts of the world after World War II, gonorrhea has shown great epidemiological fluctuations. A heavy increase in its incidence was evident in Sweden and Denmark during the 1960s. During the 1970s, however, the incidence in Sweden dropped significantly, with the 1980 figures corresponding to those seen in 1960. Sweden now has the lowest incidence of gonorrhea among the Scandinavian countries. During the past three years, the incidence of infections with penicillinase-producing gonococci (PPNG) has increased. Most of the strains isolated have originated from the Far East. As documented in several recent investigations, genital chlamydial infections are at least as common as gonorrhea in the Scandinavian countries. Acute salpingitis has been shown to be a common complication of such infections. Among the other sexually transmitted diseases (STD), Trichomonas infections are still common. The prevalence of genital warts and of Herpes Simplex Virus (type 2) infections is increasing and within the next few years these probably can be expected to become an even greater problem than are the traditional venereal diseases, because no specific treatment is yet available.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Several factors influencing the colonization of group B streptococci--rectum probably the main reservoir.

Women (1 268) attending a gynaecological clinic or a venereal disease clinic had positive cultures of group B streptococci from urethra in 27.8% and from rectum in 29.4%. The colonization rate was highest in patients from the venereal disease clinic (p less than 0.001). In a study of 405 of the females at different parts of the menstrual cycle group B streptococci were detected during the last half of the cycle in specimens from cervix in 18%, from urethra in 29% (p less than 0.005), and from rectum in 35% (p less than 0.001). The correlation between contraceptive methods and isolation of group B streptococci was investigated for 435 women. Females with intrauterine devices but not those using oral contraceptives had a significantly increased colonization rate genitally. The colonization rate of group B streptococci was also studied in 271 women using sanitary tampons and 129 women using sanitary towel. Those using tampons were significantly more often colonized. Cultures for Neisseria gonorrhoeae were performed from 380 patients but no correlation between N. gonorrhoeae and group B streptococci was found. The study supports the view that rectum and not the genito-urinary tract is the main reservoir of group B streptococci in females, that genital colonization mainly represents contamination from the gastrointestinal flora and sexual transmission is only one of many factors influencing the colonization rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Prevalence of nine different micro-organisms in the female genital tract. A comparison between women from a venereal disease clinic and from a health control department.

In a study of the prevalence of nine different micro-organisms in the female genital tract in a Swedish population, significantly higher isolation rates occurred among women attending a venereal disease clinic than among those attending a gynaecological health control department. The prevalence of Candida albicans, however, was similar in different groups, individual susceptibility being the most important factor. Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Mycoplasma hominis occurred concomitantly with Neisseria gonorrhoeae, indicating a similar epidemiology for all these agents. Younger patients seemed to have an increased susceptibility to C. trachomatis whereas older patients had an increased susceptibility to T. vaginalis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Alcohol problems among female gonorrhoea patients.

The proband group consists of the 286 women who, in 1960, were treated for gonorrhoea in the Out-patient Clinic for Venereological Diseases in Malmö. During the years 1932 and 1973, they were responsible for 119 convictions for drunkeness, the expected number of convictions being 4, as calculated from an age- and calendar year specific risk table for Swedish women. The difference between numbers observed and those expected increased with age. Of the 82 patients aged 25 years or over in 1960, one in ten had previously been convicted for drunkenness, and one in seven, 13 years later. During the years 1939 to 1973, 12 gonorrhoea patients were subjected to compulsory treatment by the Temperance Boards. Of the patients aged 15 years or over in 1960, one in twenty had earlier been subjected to such treatment, and one in ten, 13 years later. It is concluded that gonorrhoeal infections, particularly in women 25 years and over, can constitute a "symptom" of alcohol problems.

Adolescent↗