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Biomedical subjects

H Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to H Hashimoto.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Increased levels of serum IgE in children of mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Various allergic diseases have been described in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In the present study, we evaluated the prevalence of allergic disease and serum IgE levels in 36 children of 26 mothers with SLE. None of the subjects had any rheumatic symptoms. There was at least one type of allergic disease in 28 (78%) of the 36 children of mothers with SLE, as compared with 30% in Japanese control children (P < 0.01). The prevalence of atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma was higher in children of mothers with SLE (64% and 28%) than in controls (19% and 9%) (P < 0.01, respectively). Fourteen of the 36 subjects (39%) had higher levels of serum IgE than those of normal range for age-matched healthy Japanese children with no atopic family disease in the immediate family history, and these children had atopic disease. Among the 14 children with high serum-IgE levels, seven had neither immediate nor remote family history of atopic disease, while the others had an immediate family history of atopic disease. We think that genetic factors may influence the presence of allergic disease in children of mothers with SLE, and that the increased serum IgE levels in children of SLE mothers with no allergic family history may be a part of subclinical immunologic abnormalities related to SLE.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1995

Intramuscular myxoma with fibrous dysplasia: a report of two cases with a review of the literature.

Two cases are reported of a rare association of intramuscular myxoma with fibrous dysplasia in a 70 and 40 year old Japanese woman, respectively. One of them had a solitary intramuscular myxoma, and the other patient suffered from two intramuscular tumors that had been initially misdiagnosed as myxoid liposarcoma. Only 24 cases of this kind of association have been recorded in the literature. This association should be taken into consideration to avoid inappropriate treatment, when cases of myxoid soft tissue tumor with a bone lesion are encountered.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Angiomyofibroblastoma of the vulva: a clinicopathologic study of seven cases.

A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical review was made of seven cases of angiomyofibroblastoma. The patients were middle-aged women who had a slowly growing mass, measuring 1.5-6 cm in maximum dimension, located subcutaneously in the vulva. The tumors were well-demarcated and characterized by well-vascularized, alternating hypercellular and hypocellular edematous areas composed of bland, plump spindle- or oval-shaped stromal cells frequently aggregated around small blood vessels. An epithelioid appearance of the stromal cells was seen in two cases. Immunohistochemically, the stromal cells were consistently positive for vimentin and desmin, but negative for muscle specific actin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, myosin, cytokeratins, S-100 protein or von Willebrand factor. Ultrastructurally, the plump stromal cells had a small amount of peripherally located rough endoplasmic reticulum, numerous pinocytotic vesicles and abundant intermediate filaments, on which immunogold probes for desmin were localized, whereas fine filaments were few and there were no electron dense plaques. Thus, while the proliferating stromal cells expressed an immunohistochemical profile of peculiar myoid differentiation, ultrastructural findings differed from those of smooth muscle cells or those seen in typical myofibroblasts. At 1-4 years after surgery, there was no evidence of recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

An immunohistochemical analysis of 13 cases with combined hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma.

Thirteen cases of combined hepatocellular (HCC) and cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC) were examined. In addition to routine pathology, immunoreactivities for carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), cytokeratin (Cam 5.2 and AE1), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (B72.3) were also examined. The average age of the 13 cases was 64.8 years, which lay between the average ages of pure HCC and CCC cases. They were categorized as separate type (2), collision type (6), and intermingled type (5). AE1 and EMA were the best markers to differentiate the CCC from the HCC area. B72.3 immunoreactivity was detected only in CCC (46%). There were no transitional features between HCC and CCC in two cases of the separate type and two cases of the collision type. However, focal transitional features from HCC to CCC were observed in all cases of the intermingled type and in four of six cases of the collision type. In one case of the intermingled type, many cancer cells contained both bile and mucus simultaneously, and revealed dual immunoreactivities. The conclusions are: 1) the combined type is generated from two sources; one is the intrahepatic double cancer (thoroughly separate type and a part of the collision type) and another is the stem cell origin with diverse phenotypes (intermingled type and a part of the collision tumor); and 2) AE1 was the most helpful marker to differentiate the CCC area from HCC, and other markers, e.g. AFP for HCC and EMA, CEA, and B72.3 for CCC, were also supportive but somewhat limited in the differential diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Haemophilus aphrophilus isolated from the blood of a patient with infective endocarditis].

On July 1994, a 62-year-old female, having a history of mitral regurgitation, was admitted because of high fever, hematuria and conjunctival petechiae. She was diagnosed as having infective endocarditis with mitral valve vegetation proved by ultrasonic cardiography. The gram negative rods were isolated from blood cultures performed five times, performed prior to the administration of antibiotics. The isolates were identified as strains of H. aphrophilus. After two days of treatment with PCG (12 million units/day), the organism became undetectable from the blood. Since the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of PCG and ABPC were ranged between 0.06-2.0 micrograms/ml and 0.06-0.5 microgram/ml, respectively, ABPC was selected as a first choice antibiotic instead of PCG. ABPC was given 12 g/day for the first 3 days, then 6 g/day for 28 days, followed by 3 g/day for 7 days. The patient recovered and was discharged after the 55 hospital days. H. aphrophilus grew on BTB lactose agar, chocolate agar and sheep blood agar, but failed to grow on MacConkey agar. H. aphrophilus produced smooth transparent nonhaemolytic micro colonies after 48 hours on sheep blood agar and chocolate agar plates. Atmosphere with 5% CO2 failed to enhance their growth. All the five strains of H. aphrophilus isolated, required neither factors V nor X. Positive synthesis of porphyrin from delta-aminolevlinic acid confirmed their ability to grow without X factor. For the correct identification of H. aphrophilus strains, fermentation test of glucose, lactose, maltose and sucrose in either phenol red broth or CTA medium are necessary.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1995

Nucleotide sequence of feline immunodeficiency virus: classification of Japanese isolates into two subtypes which are distinct from non-Japanese subtypes.

Seven isolates of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), Shizuoka, Yokohama, Sendai-1, Sendai-2, Fukuoka, Aomori-1, and Aomori-2, were isolated from FIV-seropositive domestic cats in Japan, and their proviral DNAs were amplified by PCR. The nucleotide sequences of their env and gag genes were determined and compared with those of previously described isolates: U.S. and European isolates and one Japanese isolate, TM2. Phylogenetic analyses of complete env gene sequences demonstrate that worldwide isolates are classified into three subtypes: Japanese TM2, Japanese Shizuoka, and non-Japanese subtypes (U.S. and European isolates), with 20% amino acid distances from each other. This pattern indicates that an evolutionary radiation of these three subtypes of FIV occurred at approximately the same time. The sequence data of gag genes also confirmed these results. Furthermore, the Sendai-1 isolate was identified as an imported FIV isolate.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Stimulation of cyclic AMP formation by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide is attenuated by glutamate in rat brain slices.

In rat hippocampal slices, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-38 (PACAP-38) stimulated cyclic AMP formation in dose- and time-dependent manners. The PACAP-38 action was dose-dependently attenuated by L-glutamate in the hippocampus; L-glutamate at the concentration of 1 mM attenuated PACAP-38-stimulated cyclic AMP formation by approximately 30%. The inhibitory effect of L-glutamate is also observed in rat cerebellar slices. In contrast, the inhibitory effect of a prostanoid EP3-receptor agonist on PACAP-38-stimulated cyclic AMP formation was brain region-specific; the inhibitory action was observed in the cerebellum but not in the hippocampus.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1995

Transgalactosylation catalyzed by alpha-galactosidase from Candida guilliermondii H-404.

The thermostable alpha-galactosidase from Candida guilliermondii H-404 synthesized self-transfer products in the absence of a suitable acceptor. The main self-transfer product, using melibiose as a donor substrate, was O-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1,6)-O-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1,6)-D-glucose. This enzyme had a wide acceptor specificity. D-Glucose, D-galactose, maltose, maltitol, and 1,4-butandiol were the most effective acceptors in the transgalactosylation catalyzed by this enzyme. The enzyme could also transfer alpha-galactosyl residues to pentoses (L-arabinose, D-xylose, and D-ribose) and methyl pentoses (D-fucose and L-rhamnose). The main transfer products to lactose, maltose, and sucrose as acceptors were identified as O-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1,6)-O-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-D-glucose, O-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1,6)-O-alpha-D-glucosyl-(1,4)-D-glucose, and O-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1,6)-O-alpha-D-glucosyl-(1,2)-beta-D-fructoside (raffinose), respectively.

Candida↗
PubMed1995

Autopsy findings of Addison's disease caused by systemic cytomegalovirus infection in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

We previously reported a case of Addison's disease associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (Endocr J, 41:13, 1994). A 46-year-old man with hemophilia B and AIDS was diagnosed as Addison's disease. The positive cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen in urine suggested that CMV adrenalitis may have caused the adrenal insufficiency. Despite treatment with ganciclovir, the patient died one year later. Autopsy findings revealed that the typical inclusions of CMV were seen in the lung, adrenal glands (both cortex and medulla) and small intestine. Here, we describe the subsequent clinical course and postmortem findings of this case.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1995

[A report of leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus].

Leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus is an uncommon disease of which only 97 cases including the present case have been reported in Japan. We report a case of the tumor which showed multiple hematogenous metastases after surgery. A 73-year-old male was admitted complaining of dysphagia and vomiting. Esophagography and endoscopy revealed a large protruding lesion in the lower esophagus. CT scanning revealed threefold-sized extramural mass. Boring biopsies failed to yield evidence of malignancy. However, we performed surgical treatment because of the uncommon size for a benign tumor. The excised tumor was 11 x 9 x 5 cm in size and was diagnosed histologically as leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus without any nodular involvement. Metastatic tumor in the right rib was found 14 months after the operation. Radiotherapy failed to decrease tumor size but eliminated pain. Bone metastases appeared successively and the patient died 3 years and 4 months after operation. Chemotherapy had no effect. Autopsy revealed metastases to the ribs, vertebrae, sternum, pelvic kidneys and diaphragm, but no local recurrence. There is a great need for the development of effective anti-cancer drugs for leiomyosarcomas, particularly in cases with extensive metastasis, such as presented here.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Gastric cancer in the elderly].

Gastric cancer in the elderly was evaluated with regard to age-related pathomorphological changes. Resected gastric cancer was studied with regard to location, stage, morphology and histology in male young old (65-74 years old) which were 25 cases and 31 lesions, respectively male middle old (75-84 years old); 104 cases and 120 lesions, male very old (85 years-); 96 cases and 110 lesions, female young old; 22 cases and 31 lesions, female middle old; 91 cases and 106 lesions, female very old; 51 cases and 55 lesions. Multiple gastric cancers were more frequent in female older group. In early cancer the frequency of elevated type increased significantly and that of depressed type decreased in very old group. In advanced cancer Borrmann I type was not so common in very old group. Histologically the frequency of signet ring cell cancer decreased and of tubular adenocarcinoma and of papillary adenocarcinoma increased significantly in female very old group. Hepatic metastasis increased significantly in male very old group. Lymph node metastasis and peritoneal metastasis did not show any change in age-related frequency.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

Age- and sex-related alterations of microsomal drug- and testosterone-oxidizing cytochrome P450 in Sprague-Dawley strain-derived dwarf rats.

Effect of growth hormone (GH) on the age-related changes in hepatic cytochrome P450 (P450) was studied using GH-deficient dwarf and parental Sprague-Dawley rats. Microsomal testosterone (T) T2 alpha- and T2 beta-hydroxylations were lower in livers of mature male dwarf rats than the normals, whereas T16 beta-hydroxylation was rather higher in male dwarf rats. Although T2 alpha-, T2 beta-, T6 beta-, T16 alpha- and T16 beta-hydroxylations were barely detectable in senescence normal rats (24 months old), considerable levels of T6 beta-, T16 alpha- and T16 beta-hydroxylations were maintained in senescence dwarf rats (after 22 months old). These results are caused by the alteration of specific P450 forms including CYP2B1, CYP2B2, CYP2C11 and CYP3A2 in dwarf rats. Appearance of male-specific CYP2C11 and CYP3A2 and high levels of CYP2B1 and CYP2B2 in female dwarf rats indicate the role of pituitary GH on liver of normal rats. However, the additional role of a factor other than GH was suggested on the sex-related differences and age-associated alterations of specific P450 contents in dwarf rats. CYP2C11 appears in dwarf female rats with the same developmental profile as observed in normal male rats. This form appears apparently with the development of GH receptor in livers, suggesting the possibility that a factor independent from androgen and GH governs the ontogeny of this P450 in the liver. A female-specific protein, CYP2C12, in normal rat livers, also appeared in both sexes of senescence dwarf rats, suggesting the role of non-GH factor on the expression of this P450 in liver.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

[Does aging influence effect of pirenzepine alone or combination of pirenzepine and famotidine on gastric secretion during anesthesia and surgery?].

Effect of pirenzepine alone or the combination of pirenzepine and famotidine on gastric secretion during anesthesia and surgery was evaluated in 52 elective surgical patients ranged in age from 17 to 68 years. These patients of each group were divided into two subgroups according to their age either 40 years and under or over. The patients underwent orthopedic, ophthalmic, ENT, plastic or non-abdominal general surgery under neuroleptanesthesia except 5 patients who had enflurane or isoflurane anesthesia. They received either pirenzepine 10 mg or the combination of pirenzepine 10 mg and famotidine 20 mg intravenously just before the induction of anesthesia. Volume and acidity of gastric juice were measured for 3 hours after the administration of these agents. Decrease in volume and acidity of gastric juice continued for more than 3 hours after the administration of pirenzepine alone or the combination of pirenzepine and famotidine, and it was more prominent in the combination group than in the pirenzepine group. There was no statistical difference in volume of gastric juice between the patients of 40 years and under in age and those over 40 years in each group. However, the intragastric pH tended to be lower in patients of 40 years and under in age than that in those over 40 years. A percentage of patients who had intragastric pH below 2.5 was larger in the pirenzepine administered patients of 40 years and under in age than that of the remaining patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Differences in haemagglutination activity and electrophoretic mobility of E protein between the parent SA14 and attenuated vaccine SA14-14-2 strains of Japanese encephalitis virus.

E protein characteristics of the attenuated Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus strain SA(A) derived from the live vaccine strain SA14-14-2 were compared with those of the virulent strain SA(V). SA(A) showed lower haemagglutination (HA) activity with broader optimum pH range of HA reaction than SA(V), and the E protein of SA(A) had slower electrophoretic mobility in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) than that of SA(V). These properties of SA(A) E protein appear to be caused by eight amino acid changes found in the E protein coding region of the SA(A) virus genome.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1995

[Medical education in clinical anesthesia].

We use an angiofiberscope (AFS), an echocardiography (ECG) and a transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) as useful and productive tools for medical education perioperatively. We employed these monitors in the training of 5th-year medical students on general anesthesia in the operating room. A special intratracheal tube with small lumen (3 mm in diameter) for AFS (2.2 mm in diameter), was used for monitoring airway. Medical students are interested in and concentrate their attention on the monitor screen which has a continuous image from AFS. ECG was used routinely to evaluate preoperative cardiac function, while TEE was used during operation. These monitors play very useful role in medical education for students.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1995

[Successful combination therapy of cyclosporine and steroids in two cases with interstitial pneumonitis associated with polymyositis].

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive agent which is well-established in the transplantation of organs including kidney, liver and bone marrow. It acts by inhibiting the production of interleukin 2, thereby blocking both the development of cytotoxic lymphocytes, and the proliferation of helper T cells. T cell-mediated muscle damage is thought to be important in the pathogenesis of polymyositis. And activated cytotoxic T cells are thought to play an important role of polymyositis/dermatomyositis with active pneumonitis. It is thereby likely that cyclosporine would be effective in the management of polymyositis with interstitial pneumonitis. We have used cyclosporine in two cases of corticosteroids resistant polymyositis associated with pneumonitis. The first case was admitted because of the relapse of polymyositis. She was partially responded by the high dose of steroid, but showed decreased %DLCO and increased AaDO2 during the therapy. And oral cyclosporine was given with steroid. Within two weeks, serum creatinine kinase level was reduced to normal range, and the improvement of pneumonitis was observed. The second case was admitted because of the flare of pneumonitis. She was treated with high dose of steroid with insufficient response. And cyclosporine was prescribed. Within two weeks of treatment, her symptom was relieved, and blood gas analysis showed an improvement of pulmonary function. And steroid could be tapered. In both cases, the initial dose of cyclosporine was 200 mg/day, and the optimal trough level was thought to be ranged 100 to 150 ng/ml. In the second case, renal dysfunction was observed but it was recovered by the reduction of the dose of cyclosporine. No other side effect was appeared.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cyclosporins↗
PubMed1995

Alterations in bile ducts and peribiliary microcirculation in rats after common bile duct ligation.

The chronological changes in ductular epithelium and peribiliary capillary plexuses (PBPs) after bile duct ligation are not well understood. Therefore, we examined alterations in both intrahepatic bile ductules and peribiliary microcirculation in rats after ligation of the common bile duct using immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopes (TEM), and scanning electron microscopes (SEM). Ductular proliferations appeared first in the peripheral areas of the portal spaces and then gradually advanced along with increasing jaundice. Distorted configuration of the hepatic parenchyma with interconnecting stroma rich in irregular ductules developed 4 weeks after the ligation. Numerous biliary cell types and cells of types intermediate between hepatocytes and biliary cells together with poorly fenestrated capillary-type vessels appeared in the periportal parenchyma, in association with an increased number of canalicular-ductular junctions on TEM. These biliary cells were often found within the lobules and apart from the stroma. SEM examination of hepatic microvascular casts using methacrylated resin showed formation of irregular portal and periportal capillary networks, partly derived from coarsened sinusoids. Direct connections between the newly formed capillary networks and the pre-existing PBPs or sinusoids were numerous, although there were few direct connections between the capillary networks and the hepatic arterial branches. Thus, these proliferated ductules and newly formed complicated capillary networks might play an important role in the effective transport of biliary materials between hepatocytes and native bile ducts or proliferated ductules through the altered microcirculation after bile duct ligation.

Animals↗