Biomedical subjects
H Haskovcová
Publications and source records attributed to H Haskovcová.
[Dangerous religious sects].
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[Report on the activity of the Central Commission on Ethics of the Ministry of Health 1990-1994].
The authors summarize the most important activities of the Central ethical commission at home and abroad during four years of its existence. They mention documents elaborated for the needs of the broad public and local ethical commissions incl. the Statute of the central ethical commission. Experience with evaluation of ethical problems pertaining to relations between health professionals and the lay public indicate above all impaired mutual communication. The authors feel that wide publicity of ethical problems in the professional and lay press is essential and should be permanently stimulated.
[Ethics committees in the Czech Republic].
The authors submit a report on the establishment and activities of new advisory organs which developed in hospitals and at medical faculties and bear the name of ethical commissions. Their task is to approve grants, advisory activities as well as organizing public discussions of ethical problems. The basis of the report are data obtained by means of questionnaires completed by 62 respondents. At present there are 20 ethical commissions in the Czech Republic, 19 local ones and one central one.
[Report on the activities of the Central Commission on Ethics of the Czech Ministry of Health 1990-1992].
The central ethical commission (CEC) of the Czech Ministry of Health was founded in 1990. The authors submit a report on the activities of this advisory and expert in the sphere of medical ethics. They emphasize that a standpoint was elaborated regarding the problem of doping in the Czech Republic, a moral code of patients' rights and other important documents. The CEC takes into account also views of chairmen of local ethical commissions which were assembled by means of a questionnaire. The CEC foresee its future activity in particular in adequate presentation of its views to the professional and lay public.
[The second opinion--ethical and practical problems].
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[Patients' rights in the Czech Republic].
The ethical code, the so-called Patients' rights, was published on February 25, 1992 and applies in Bohemia and Moravia. The initiative in this matter was taken by the Central ethical commission of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic. The latter commission prepared a draft of the Czech version and after comments supplemented the text approved and proclaimed it. In the submitted paper the text of the document is presented in extenso and the author explains the history of patients' rights in Europe.
[Medical ethics--an independent medical specialty].
Medical ethics as a discipline was not taught systematically since 1952. Some ethical problems were, however, solved; the author presents therefore the history of medical ethics and reasons for and circumstances under which the Institute of Medical Ethics was created at the Third Medical Faculty in Prague. Workers of the mentioned department (H. Haskovcová, V. Spalek, J. Simek) after presentation of an exposé became the initiators of the new independent discipline. The text of the exposé is submitted in extenso. Since 1991 medical ethics are an independent medical discipline in the Czech Republic and lectures on the subject are part of the curriculum of medical students.
[Ethical problems in laboratory research in medicine].
Medical ethics are an integral part of medicine. This applies equally to theoretical, experimental as well as practical clinical medicine. Recently at a time typical for removal of taboos regarding some urgent problems of medical ethics, clinical problems have preference. The submitted paper draws attention to major omitted problems of so-called laboratory medicine.
[The last things of man].
The so-called last things of man pertain not only to the termination of human life but paradoxically to the quality of life as a whole. The author discusses the meaning of human life the true character and limited time of which is determined by the finality of human existence. The phenomenon of tabooing death has not been avoided by any modern society, in this country this phenomenon persists longer. The ultimative solution of the situation is due to the present position of problematic, so-called dignified dying, in our hospitals. A philosophical reflection explaining that the sense of life cannot be conceived without understanding of the relationship between death and life. Demand of "humanization" of dying.
[Problems with so-called continuous visitors].
Man faced with inevitable hospitalization experiences the situation as a sort of crisis. Patients miss most, during prolonged or repeated stays in hospital, social relations. It is paradoxical that when man in the role of a patient most needs emotional support from relatives and friends, administrative regulations forbid continual visits. The author presents the results of a survey made among doctors attending postgraduate courses and discusses the reasons for their ambivalent views. Doctors in the role of patients would like to have continual visits by the family: the same doctors in their professional role usually refuse visits.
[The old person and the family].
The article deals with the problem of care of old people under the altered conditions of the contemporary family. The author presents briefly serious principles of up-to-date conceptual and comprehensive care of old people, so far little known even to the professional public.
[Dying yesterday, today and tomorrow].
The author defines the problem how to help the sick in finem by psychological means. She abstracts from medical aspects (medication of pain, euthanasia etc.) and emphasizes the ritualization of death under conditions of hospitalization. Contemporary practice calls for a solution which is possible by cultivation of the internal contents of ritualization. The reflections are supplemented by the results of a preliminary enquiry among doctors in a postgraduate course.
[Balint groups a year later].
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[A medical dictatorship or a medical democracy?].
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[Possibilities and limitations of psychology in the somatic disciplines].
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[What do you consider to be the greatest problem in modern geriatrics?].
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