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Biomedical subjects

H Hatta

Publications and source records attributed to H Hatta.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Oxidative removal of lactate after strenuous exercise.

Metabolic fate of lactate after strenuous exercise which lasted 2-3 min was investigated in rats and mice. 14C-labeled lactate or glucose was injected into the aorta of rats through an catheter. 14C-glucose was injected intraperitoneally into the mice after supramaximal exercise. The mice ran twice with a 4 hr interval to investigate muscle 14C-lactate metabolism which was produced from muscle 14C-glycogen. A great deal of blood and muscle 14C-lactate was expired as 14CO2 after the exercise. The results indicate that oxidative removal is the major fate of lactate metabolism after strenuous exercise and that blood glucose is the major substrate for muscle glycogen resynthesis. Light intensity exercise after strenuous exercise (active recovery) enhances oxidative removal of blood and muscle lactate. Gluconeogenesis from lactate to glycogen within the skeletal muscle is not a major pathway of muscle lactate metabolism, while high intensity training can activate this pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A novel isolation method for hen egg yolk antibody, "IgY".

A method for isolation of egg yolk immunoglobulin, IgG, a livetin protein, was investigated. Several natural gums (carrageenan and xanthan gum) were found to be effective for removal of yolk lipoprotein as a precipitate. The effect was pronounced with lambda-carrageenan and the lipid content in the supernatant after removal of the resulting precipitate was less than 0.4% of that of egg yolk. IgY remained in this supernatant, with a yield of 86%, and was isolated by chromatography on a column of DEAE-Sephacel followed by salting-out with sodium sulfate. IgY thus isolated was almost pure (98%) and the yield was 70 to 100 mg per egg.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Incorporation of blood lactate and glucose into tissues in rats after short-term strenuous exercise.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the main site of removal of blood lactate and glucose and which is the more important substrate for muscle glycogen resynthesis in rats after short-term strenuous exercise, to exhaustion. Male Wistar rats ran to exhaustion at a speed of 70-100m.min-1. Immediately after the exercise the rats received an injection of [U-14C]lactate (LA, 0.025 microCi.g-1, n = 5) or [U-14C]glucose (GL, 0.015 microCi.g-1, n = 5) into the aorta through an indwelling catheter. The rats were sacrificed after 40 min of recovery. During 40 min of recovery, 20.4% +/- 2.0% (mean +/- SE) of 14C injected was recovered as 14CO2 in LA, while 4.1% +/- 0.4% of 14C was recovered as 14CO2 in GL. In LA, the content of 14C incorporated per tissue weight in the vastus lateralis was significantly greater than that in the kidney, heart, and blood, while in GL that in the vastus lateralis was significantly greater than in any other tissues measured. The incorporation of 14C-glucose into muscle glycogen (vastus lateralis) was about five times greater than that of 14C-lactate. Data from this study indicate that lactate and glucose are incorporated from the blood into the skeletal muscle which was active during exercise and that blood glucose is a more preferred substrate for muscle glycogen resynthesis in rats after strenuous exercise to exhaustion.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Relationship of serum streptococcal antibodies to carrier state of beta-hemolytic streptococcus in throats of healthy schoolchildren].

The relationship of ASO, ASK and ASP to carrier state of beta-hemolytic streptococcus in throats of healthy schoolchildren was examined from September, 1980 to May, 1987. The responses to ASO significantly increased in children who detected group A, C and G streptococcus, and ASK in group A and G, and ASP in group A. The responses were especially high in children who detected group A, C and G streptococcus one after the other through the term of research, and in children detected another T type of streptococcus one after the other. Relatively high titers of ASO and ASK were obtained in sera of children from whom some groups or T types of streptococci were isolated several detection times. ASP titers were not concerned with these times. The elevation of antibodies in paired samples were found as follows; 7 cases in ASO, ASK and ASP together, 42 cases in ASO and ASK together, 3 cases in ASK and ASP together, 2 cases in ASO and ASP together, 41 cases ASO only, 38 cases in ASK only, 7 cases in ASP only. Among these cases with elevation of antibodies titers, several kinds of the change of streptococcal carrier state were observed between obtaining serum of twice. Especially 15 cases with change of carrier state from group A to group A were noticed. Among these 15 cases, 11 cases isolated another T type strain through the term of research, or found to contain the research-time when no streptococcal strain was detected. Both long term carrier state of the same group or the same type of streptococcal strain and change of carrier state of streptococcal group or T type lead the elevation of ASO and ASK titers.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1988

The effects of ovarian hormones on glucose and fatty acid oxidation during exercise in female ovariectomized rats.

The effects of ovarian hormones on glucose and fatty acid oxidation during exercise were investigated in adult female ovariectomized rats. Rats subdivided into 3 groups received intraperitoneal injections of hormones or sesame oil for 8 days. Estrogen (E) treated rats received 17-beta estradiol in daily doses of 2 micrograms. Estrogen and progesterone treated rats (EP) received 17-beta estradiol in daily doses of 2 micrograms and 2 mg, respectively. Control rats (S) received sesame oil alone. After an overnight fast, rats ran at the speed of 25 m.min-1 for 60 min. [U-14C]glucose or [1-14C]palmitate was injected into rats at 5 min of exercise and before 10 min of exercise, respectively. Expired 14CO2 was collected using bottomless chamber on a treadmill belt. No significant differences were found in mean blood glucose, lactate and plasma free fatty acid concentrations after the exercise. Until the end of the exercise 34.7 +/- 2.6 (E, n = 5), 40.8 +/- 2.9 (EP, n = 5) and 43.7 +/- 3.5% (S, n = 6) (mean +/- SE) of 14C which was injected as 14C-glucose was recovered as 14CO2. During 60 min of the exercise 27.5 +/- 1.0 (E, n = 7), 19.8 +/- 2.7 (EP, n = 6) and 25.0 +/- 1.9% (S, n = 6) of 14C which was injected as 14C-palmitate was recovered as 14CO2. A significant difference was found in this rate between E and EP (P less than 0.05). It was concluded that estrogen treatment stimulated fatty acid oxidation compared with the estrogen plus progesterone treatment and tended to inhibit glucose oxidation during prolonged exercise.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Lactate, respiratory compensation thresholds, and distance running performance in runners of both sexes.

To examine the possible gender differences in lactate threshold (LT) and respiratory compensation threshold (RCT) and their relations to running performance, ten male and eight female college distance runners performed an incremental running test on the level treadmill. Both groups of runners were matched as closely as possible on the basis of maximal aerobic power relative to lean body mass (VO2.max.LBM-1). LT, determined from an inflection point in blood lactate, was significantly higher in males than in females (49.2 vs 45.5 ml.kg-1 LBM.min-1 P less than 0.05), while RCT, determined from a marked increase in ventilatory equivalent for CO2 (VE.VCO2(-1], was not significantly different between the two groups (51.5 vs 52.3 ml.kg-1 LBM.min-1). No significant difference was observed either in LT or in RCT expressed as %VO2max. RCT and running velocity at RCT were strongly related to the run times of 800 and 1500 m in females and 5000 and 10000 min males (r = -0.76 approximately 0.95; P less than 0.05 approximately 0.001), while it was not the case with VO2max and LT. These results suggest that there are no remarkable gender differences in LT and RCT when compared in relative terms and that RCT is a sensitive parameter for evaluating an endurance performance despite its controversial status.

Body Composition↗
PubMed1988

Oxidation of lactate in rats after short-term strenuous exercise.

Oxidation of lactate and glucose was investigated in rats after short-term strenuous running to exhaustion at a speed of 80-110 m.min-1, lasting about 100 sec. Immediately after the exercise, 4 microCi of [U-14C]lactate (LA and AR) or 9.4 microCi of [U-14C]glucose (GL) was injected into the aorta through an indwelling catheter. In AR, the rats ran at a speed of 25 m.min-1 for 20 min after injection of [U-14C]lactate. Expired gas was collected by a bottomless metabolism chamber while the rats were on the treadmill for 120 min. Blood lactate concentration tended to decrease faster in AR than in LA. Peak evolution of 14CO2 expiration occurred at 12.5 min recovery in LA, 7.5 min of recovery in AR, and 35 min of recovery in GL. Cumulative percent recovery of 14C as 14CO2 was 48.5% +/- 2.8% in LA, 74.0% +/- 2.9% in AR, and 18.6% +/- 1.6% (mean +/- SE) in GL. Significant differences were found in these rates between groups (P less than 0.01). It was suggested that a great deal of lactate was oxidized directly, not after conversion to glucose in rats after short-term strenuous exercise to exhaustion and mild exercise following strenuous exercise (active recovery) enhanced lactate oxidation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Relationship between lactate threshold during running and relative gastrocnemius area.

This study examined the relationship between the work rate at which blood lactate accumulation begins (lactate threshold) during running and relative gastrocnemius area in four different groups. Twenty nonathletic and 11 athletic boys (age 9-12 yr), 15 female adult runners, and 11 male nonathletic students participated in this study. The muscle composition of the leg and thigh were measured by ultrasound. The lactate threshold was assessed in terms of both the absolute work rate (ml.kg-1.min-1) and relative work rate. The relative cross-sectional area of the gastrocnemius to the plantar flexor (relative gastrocnemius area) was significantly negatively related to the absolute and relative lactate threshold in all groups. These results suggest that the relative gastrocnemius area may play an important role in determining the relative and absolute lactate threshold during running.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Daily physical activity levels in preadolescent boys related to VO2max and lactate threshold.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the physical activity levels in eleven 9-10 year old boys with reference to aerobic power or lactate threshold (LT). Daily physical activity levels were evaluated from a HR monitoring system for 12 h on three different days. VO2max, VO2-HR relationship and LT were determined by the progressive treadmill test. LT was 36.7 +/- 3.1 ml X kg-1 X min-1 and 71.0 +/- 6.6% VO2max. Mean total time of activities with HR above the level corresponding to 60% VO2max (T-60%) and that above LT (T-LT) were 34 +/- 7 and 18 +/- 7 min, respectively. VO2max (ml X kg-1 X min-1) correlated significantly with T-60% (p less than 0.01), while no significant relationship was found with LT in ml X kg-1 X min-1. In conclusion, longer daily physical activities at moderate to higher intensity for preadolescent children seem to increase VO2max rather than LT.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1984

Effects of D-glucose anomers on sweetness, taste and gastric acid secretion in man.

Gastric acid outputs were examined in human subjects after lingual applications of d-glucose and its anomers. A dose-dependent increase in the acid output was noted following the application of equilibrated D-glucose consisting of 36% alpha- and 64% beta-anomer. The response was not reproduced after administration of atropin. The magnitude of acid output produced by alpha-anomer was different from that induced by beta-anomer in men who could not differentiate between sweetness of the two anomers. Results indicate that recognition of sweetness in the cortex is unrelated to the gastric response, and suggest that a subcortical mechanism may detect qualitative differences in taste and produce the oral phase of gastric acid secretion via vagus action in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Behavioural genetics of early childhood: fears, restlessness, motion sickness and enuresis.

Seventy-nine pairs of same-sex twins were examined at the age of three years at a municipal clinic and their mothers were interviewed to assess the twins' current and past behaviours. The zygosity was determined after the interview by fingerprints and/or bloodtyping in the majority of cases. The following significant differences in concordance between monozygotic and dizygotic twins were found: fear of strangers during observation at the clinic; marked fear of strangers in the first year of life; whether or not the child was startled by sudden noises during infancy; whether or not the child was able to sleep alone at three years without a parent sitting nearby; susceptibility to motion sickness; nocturnal enuresis; short attention span or restlessness during the test.

Child Behavior Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vitamin D3 analogue KH1060 combined with TPA synergistically induces mature macrophages in human myeloblastic leukemia ML-1 cells.

A human myeloblastic leukemia cell line, ML-1, was induced to differentiate along the monocytic lineage following exposure to a 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 analogue, 20-epi-22-oxa-24a,26a,27a-tri-homo-1,25-dihydroxyvitam in D3 (KH1060) or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). The combination of KH1060 and TPA synergistically induced differentiation of ML-1 cells into mature macrophages with multinuclei. Maturation was also observed in other differentiation characteristics such as phagocytic activity, a-naphthyl acetate esterase activity, and expression of surface antigen CD14. Differentiated ML-1 cells showed attenuation of telomerase activity and cessation of proliferating activity based on evaluation of the expression of genes related to cell growth potential. Remarkable synergism was observed in TNF production. Treatment with TPA prior to KH1060 resulted in only slight production of TNF; however, treatment with KH1060 preceding TPA induced a substantial amount of TNF.

Calcitriol↗